109TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS
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| '109th United States Congress' | |
 United States Capitol (2002) | |
| Session: | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007 |
|---|---|
| President of the Senate: | Dick Cheney |
| President pro tempore of the Senate: | Ted Stevens |
| Speaker of the House: | Dennis Hastert |
| Members: | 435 Representatives 100 Senators 5 Territorial Representatives |
| House Majority: | Republican |
| Senate Majority: | Republican |
The 'One Hundred Ninth United States Congress' was a meeting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives, which together comprise the legislative branch of the United States federal government. It met in Washington, DC from January 3 2005 to January 3 2007, during the first two years of the second administration of U.S. President George W. Bush.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Twenty-second Census of the United States in 2000. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
Dates of sessions
January 3, 2005–January 3, 2007
★ First session: January 4, 2005–December 22, 2005
★ Second session: January 3, 2006–December 9, 2006
Previous congress: ''108th Congress''
Next congress: ''110th Congress''
Major legislation
Enacted
Main articles: List of United States federal legislation
★ 2005-02-17 — Class Action Fairness Act of 2005, ,
★ 2005-03-21 — Theresa Marie Schiavo's law, ,
★ 2005-04-20 — Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act, ,
★ 2005-04-27 — Family Entertainment and Copyright Act, ,
★ 2005-07-28 — Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act (CAFTA Implementation Act), ,
★ 2005-07-29 — Energy Policy Act of 2005, ,
★ 2005-08-10 — , ,
★ 2005-10-26 — Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act, ,
★ 2005-12-01 — Caribbean National Forest Act of 2005, ,
★ 2005-12-22 — Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005, ,
★ 2005-12-30 — Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2006, , (including McCain Detainee Amendment, )
★ 2006-05-17 — Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005, ,
★ 2006-05-29 — Respect for America's Fallen Heroes Act, ,
★ 2006-07-27 — Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, ,
★ 2006-09-26 — Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006, ,
★ 2006-10-13 — Safe Port Act, , , including title VIII, Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006,
★ 2006-10-17 — Military Commissions Act of 2006, ,
★ 2006-10-26 — Secure Fence Act of 2006, ,
Proposed, but not enacted
★ — National Health Insurance Act of 2005
★ — Personal Responsibility in Food Consumption Act
★ — Jessica Lunsford Act
★ — Cures Can Be Found Act of 2005
★ — We the People Act
★ — Digital Transition Content Security Act
★ — Native Hawaiian Government Reorganization Act of 2005 (Akaka Bill)
★ — Constitution Restoration Act
★ — Workplace Religious Freedom Act
★ — Family Entertainment Protection Act
Major events
Prominent events included the filibuster "nuclear option" scare, the alleged failure of the federal government to help in Hurricane Katrina disaster relief, the Tom DeLay corruption investigation, the CIA leak scandal, the rising unpopularity of the Iraq War, the 2006 immigration reform protests and Government involvement in the Terri Schiavo case.
In addition to the DeLay indictment, this Congress also had a number of scandals: Bob Ney, Randy "Duke" Cunningham, William J. Jefferson, Mark Foley scandal, and the Jack Abramoff scandals.
Party summary
Senate
| Affiliation | Members | Note | Republican Party | 55 | Democratic Party | 44 | Independent | 1 | Caucused with the Democrats | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 100 | |||||||||||
| State ranked in partisan order | Percentage Republicans | Percentage Democrats | Republican/ Democrat | Republican seat plurality |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Alaska | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Arizona | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Georgia | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Idaho | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Kansas | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Kentucky | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Maine | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Mississippi | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Missouri | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| New Hampshire | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| North Carolina | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Ohio | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Oklahoma | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Pennsylvania | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| South Carolina | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Tennessee | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Texas | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Utah | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Virginia | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Wyoming | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| United States | 55% | 44% | 55/44 | 11 |
| Colorado | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Florida | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Indiana | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Iowa | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Louisiana | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Minnesota | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Montana | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Nebraska | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Nevada | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| New Mexico | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Oregon | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Rhode Island | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| South Dakota | 50% | 50% | 1/1 | 0 |
| Vermont | 0% | 50% | 0/1 (1 independent) | -1 |
| Arkansas | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| California | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Connecticut | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Delaware | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Hawaii | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Illinois | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Maryland | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Massachusetts | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Michigan | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| New Jersey | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| New York | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| North Dakota | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Washington | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| West Virginia | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Wisconsin | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
House of Representatives
| Affiliation | Start | End | Delegates and Resident Commissioner | Note | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Members | Voting share | Members | Voting share | Republican Party | 232 | 53.5% | 229 | 53.0% | 1 | Democratic Party | 201 | 46.3% | 202 | 46.8% | 4 | Independent | 1 | 0.2% | 1 | 0.2% | - | Caucused with the Democrats | ||
| Vacant | 1 | 0.2% | 3 | 0.5% | - | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 435 | 435 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| State ranked in partisan order | Percentage Republicans | Percentage Democrats | Republican/ Democrat | Republican seat plurality |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nebraska | 100% | 0% | 3/0 | 3 |
| Idaho | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| New Hampshire | 100% | 0% | 2/0 | 2 |
| Alaska | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 |
| Delaware | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 |
| Montana | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 |
| Wyoming | 100% | 0% | 1/0 | 1 |
| Kentucky | 83% | 17% | 5/1 | 4 |
| Iowa | 80% | 20% | 4/1 | 3 |
| Oklahoma | 80% | 20% | 4/1 | 3 |
| Indiana | 78% | 22% | 7/2 | 5 |
| Arizona | 75% | 25% | 6/2 | 4 |
| Kansas | 75% | 25% | 3/1 | 2 |
| Virginia | 73% | 27% | 8/3 | 5 |
| Florida | 72% | 28% | 18/7 | 11 |
| Alabama | 71% | 29% | 5/2 | 3 |
| Louisiana | 71% | 29% | 5/2 | 3 |
| Ohio | 67% | 33% | 12/6 | 6 |
| South Carolina | 67% | 33% | 4/2 | 2 |
| Nevada | 67% | 33% | 2/1 | 1 |
| New Mexico | 67% | 33% | 2/1 | 1 |
| Utah | 67% | 33% | 2/1 | 1 |
| Texas | 65% | 35% | 20/11 (1 vacancy) | 9 |
| Pennsylvania | 63% | 37% | 12/7 | 5 |
| Michigan | 60% | 40% | 9/6 | 3 |
| Connecticut | 60% | 40% | 3/2 | 1 |
| Colorado | 57% | 43% | 4/3 | 1 |
| Missouri | 56% | 44% | 5/4 | 1 |
| Georgia | 54% | 46% | 7/6 | 1 |
| North Carolina | 54% | 46% | 7/6 | 1 |
| United States | 53% | 47% | 231/201 | 30 |
| Minnesota | 50% | 50% | 4/4 | 0 |
| Wisconsin | 50% | 50% | 4/4 | 0 |
| Mississippi | 50% | 50% | 2/2 | 0 |
| New Jersey | 50% | 50% | 6/6 (1 vacancy) | 0 |
| Vermont | 0% | 0% | 0/0 (1 independent) | 0 |
| Illinois | 47% | 53% | 9/10 | -1 |
| Tennessee | 44% | 56% | 4/5 | -1 |
| California | 38% | 62% | 20/33 | -13 |
| West Virginia | 33% | 67% | 1/2 | -1 |
| Washington | 33% | 67% | 3/6 | -3 |
| New York | 31% | 69% | 9/20 | -11 |
| Arkansas | 25% | 75% | 1/3 | -2 |
| Maryland | 25% | 75% | 2/6 | -4 |
| Oregon | 20% | 80% | 1/4 | -3 |
| North Dakota | 0% | 100% | 0/1 | -1 |
| South Dakota | 0% | 100% | 0/1 | -1 |
| Hawaii | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Maine | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Rhode Island | 0% | 100% | 0/2 | -2 |
| Massachusetts | 0% | 100% | 0/10 | -10 |
| State ranked in partisan order | Percentage Republicans | Percentage Democrats | Republican/ Democrat | Republican seat plurality |
Leadership
Senate
★ President of the Senate: Dick Cheney (R-Wyoming)
★ President ''Pro Tempore'': Ted Stevens (R-Alaska)
★ President ''pro tempore emeritus'': Robert Byrd (D-West Virginia)
Majority (Republican) leadership
★ Senate Majority Leader: Bill Frist (Tennessee)
★ Senate Majority Whip: Mitch McConnell (Kentucky)
★ Republican Conference Chairman: Rick Santorum (Pennsylvania)
★ Republican Policy Committee Chairman: Jon Kyl (Arizona)
★ Republican Conference Secretary: Kay Bailey Hutchison (Texas)
★ Republican Campaign Committee Chair: Elizabeth Dole (North Carolina)
Minority (Democratic) leadership
★ Senate Minority Leader: Harry Reid (Nevada)
★ Senate Minority Whip: Richard Durbin (Illinois)
★ Democratic Conference Chairman: Harry Reid (Nevada)
★ Democratic Policy Committee Chairman: Byron Dorgan (North Dakota)
★ Democratic Conference Secretary: Debbie Stabenow (Michigan)
★ Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Charles Schumer (New York)
House of Representatives
★ Speaker: Dennis Hastert ()
Majority (Republican) leadership
★ House Majority Leader:
★
★ Tom DeLay (), until September 28, 2005
★
★ Roy Blunt (), September 28, 2005 – February 2, 2006 ("Interim")
★
★ John Boehner (), February 2, 2006 – end
★ House Majority Whip: Roy Blunt ()
★ Senior Chief Deputy Whip: Eric Cantor ()
★ Majority Deputy Whip Team: Kevin Brady (), Dave Camp (), Nathan Deal (), Paul Gillmor (), Sue Myrick (), Todd Tiahrt (), Greg Walden (), Jerry Weller (), John T. Doolittle () and George Radanovich ()
★ Assistant Deputy Whip Team: Doc Hastings (), David Hobson (), Sue W. Kelly (), Mark Green (), Devin Nunes (), Gary G. Miller () and Kay Granger ()
★ Republican Conference Chair: Deborah Pryce ()
★ Republican Conference Vice-Chair: Jack Kingston ()
★ Republican Conference Secretary: John T. Doolittle ()
★ Republican Policy Committee Chairman:
★
★ John Shadegg (), until February 2, 2006
★
★ Adam Putnam (), February 2, 2006 – end
★ Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Tom Reynolds ()
Minority (Democratic) leadership
★ House Minority Leader: Nancy Pelosi ()
★ House Minority Whip: Steny Hoyer ()
★ Senior Chief Deputy Whip: John Lewis ()
★ Minority Deputy Whip Team: Diana DeGette (), John Tanner (), Joseph Crowley (), Ron Kind (), Jan Schakowsky (), Ed Pastor () and Maxine Waters ()
★ Democratic Caucus Chairman: Jim Clyburn ()
★ Democratic Caucus Vice Chairman: John Larson ()
★ Assistant to the House Minority Leader: John Spratt ()
★ Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Rahm Emanuel ()
★ Democratic Steering Committee Co-Chairs: Rosa DeLauro (), George Miller ()
Members
Senate
Senators' party membership by state.
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.
House of Representatives
Percent of members of the House of Representatives from each party by state
| 'Section contents:' Alabama — Alaska — Arizona —Arkansas — California — Colorado — Connecticut — Delaware — Florida — Georgia — Hawaii — Idaho — Illinois — Indiana — Iowa — Kansas — Kentucky — Louisiana — Maine — Maryland — Massachusetts — Michigan — Minnesota — Mississippi — Missouri — Montana — Nebraska — Nevada — New Hampshire — New Jersey — New Mexico — New York — North Carolina — North Dakota — Ohio — Oklahoma — Oregon — Pennsylvania — Rhode Island — South Carolina — South Dakota — Tennessee — Texas — Utah — Vermont — Virginia — Washington — West Virginia — Wisconsin — Wyoming American Samoa — District of Columbia — Guam — Puerto Rico — Virgin Islands |
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide ''at-large,'' are preceded by an "At Large," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
for maps of congressional districts.
----
'American Samoa'
★ . Eni F.H. Faleomavaega (non-voting delegate) ''(D)''
'District of Columbia'
★ . Eleanor Holmes Norton (non-voting delegate) ''(D)''
'Guam'
★ . Madeleine Z. Bordallo (non-voting delegate) ''(D)''
'Puerto Rico'
★ . Luis Fortuño (non-voting Resident Commissioner) ''(R/PNP)''
'Virgin Islands'
★ . Donna Christian-Christensen (non-voting delegate) ''(D)''
Changes in membership
Senate
| State | Vacator | Reason for Vacancy | Successor | Date of Successor's Installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey | Jon Corzine ''(D)'' | Corzine became Governor of New Jersey on January 17, 2006. As governor, he appointed Menendez to succeed him. | Bob Menendez ''(D)'' | January 18, 2006 |
House of Representatives
Main articles: Special elections to the United States House of Representatives
| District | Vacator | Reason for Vacancy | Successor | Date of Successor's Installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None. | Representative Bob Matsui ''(D)'' died January 1 2005 — before the end of the previous Congress. | Doris Matsui ''(D)'' | March 10 2005 | |
| Rob Portman ''(R)'' | Resigned April 29 2005 to become the United States Trade Representative. | Jean Schmidt ''(R)'' | September 6 2005[1] | |
| Chris Cox ''(R)'' | Resigned August 2 2005 to become chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. | John Campbell ''(R)'' | December 7 2005[2] | |
| Duke Cunningham ''(R)'' | Resigned December 1, 2005 after pleading guilty to conspiracy for bribes and tax evasion. | Brian Bilbray ''(R)'' | June 13 2006[3] | |
| Bob Menendez ''(D)'' | Resigned January 16, 2006 to become a U.S. Senator. | Albio Sires ''(D)'' | November 13, 2006[4] | |
| Tom DeLay ''(R)'' | Resigned June 9, 2006 after a series of criminal indictments. | Shelley Sekula-Gibbs ''(R)'' | November 13, 2006[5] | |
| Mark Foley ''(R)'' | Resigned September 29, 2006 after a teen sex scandal. | Remained vacant until the next Congress.[6] | ||
| Bob Ney ''(R)'' | Resigned November 3, 2006 after pleading guilty to conspiracy. | Remained vacant until the next Congress. | ||
| Jim Gibbons ''(R)'' | Resigned December 31 2006 to become Governor of Nevada. | Remained vacant until the next Congress. | ||
Miscellaneous facts about members
Served non-continuous terms
Senate
★ Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ): 1982–2001, 2003–
House of Representatives
★ Neil Abercrombie (D-HI): 1986–1987, 1991–
★ Brian Bilbray (R-CA): 1995–2001, June 2006–
★ Jim Cooper (D-TN): 1983–1995, 2003–
★ Jane Harman (D-CA): 1993–1999, 2001–
★ Bob Inglis (R-SC): 1993–1999, 2005–
★ Jay Inslee (D-WA): 1993–1995, 1999–
★ Dan Lungren (R-CA): 1979–1989, 2005–
★ Cynthia McKinney (D-GA): 1993–2003, 2005–
★ Ron Paul (R-TX): 1976–1977, 1979–1985, 1997–
★ David Price (D-NC): 1987–1995, 1997–
★ Ted Strickland (D-OH): 1993–1995, 1997–
Source: National Journal The Almanac of American Politics 2006
Switched political parties while in Congress
From Democratic to Republican:
★ Sen. Richard Shelby (R-AL), was a Democrat until 1994.
★ Rep. Nathan Deal (R-GA), was a Democrat until April 1995.
★ Rep. Virgil Goode (R-VA), was a Democrat 1996–2000; an Independent 2000–02; and a Republican since 2002.
★ Rep. Ralph Hall (R-TX), was a Democrat until January 2004.
★ Rep. Rodney Alexander (R-LA), was a Democrat until 2004.
From Republican to Independent:
★ Sen. Jim Jeffords (I-VT), was a Republican until June 2001.
Source: National Journal The Almanac of American Politics 2006
Employees
★ Architect of the Capitol: Alan M. Hantman
★ Attending Physician of the United States Congress: John F. Eisold
Senate
★ Chaplain: Barry C. Black
★ Curator: Diane K. Skvarla
★ Historian: Richard A. Baker
★ Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
★ Secretary: Emily J. Reynolds
★ Sergeant at Arms: William H. Pickle
★ Secretary for the Majority: David J. Schiappa
★ Secretary for the Minority: Martin P. Paone
House of Representatives
★ Chaplain: Daniel P. Coughlin
★ Chief Administrative Officer: James M. Eagen, III
★ Clerk:
★
★ Jeff Trandahl (to 2005)
★
★ Karen L. Haas (2005 to end)
★ Historian: Robert V. Remini
★ Parliamentarian: John V. Sullivan
★ Reading Clerks: Paul Hays ''(R)'', Mary Kevin Niland ''(D)''
★ Sergeant at Arms: Wilson Livingood
★ Inspector General of the United States House of Representatives: James J. Cornell
:''See also:'' Rules of the House, Rule 2: "Other officers and officials"
References
1. : A primary election was held on June 14 2005. A runoff election was held on August 2 2005. Jean Schmidt won and took her seat the next month. ''See Ohio 2nd congressional district election, 2005.''
2. : A primary election was held on October 4 2005. A runoff election was held on December 6 2005. John Campbell won and took his seat the next day.''See California 48th Congressional District Election, 2005.''
3. : A primary election was held on April 11, 2006. A runoff election was held on June 6, 2006. Brian Bilbray won and was sworn in one week later.''See California 50th congressional district special election, 2006.''
4. : An election was held to fill the unexpired term at the November 7, 2006 General Election. Sires was sworn in on November 13.''See New Jersey 13th congressional district special election, 2006.''
5. An election was held to fill the unexpired term at the November 7, 2006 General Election. Sekula-Gibbs was sworn in on November 13.
6. 2 Election Winners to Fill Vacancies", via wtopnews.com
External links
★ Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress [1]
★ "Thomas" Project
★ U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History [2]
★ U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists [3]
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