1180

Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Events

★ April 13 — Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter.

★ November 18 — Philip II becomes King of France.

★ During the third year of the Jisho era of Japan, a devastating whirlwind damages Kyoto.

★ Emperor Antoku succeeds Emperor Takakura as emperor of Japan.

★ Afonso I of Portugal is taken prisoner by Ferdinand II of Leon.

★ Artois is annexed by France.

★ Prince Mochihito amasses a large army and instigates the Genpei War between Taira and Minamoto clans.

★ Frederick Barbarossa removes Henry the Lion from the Duchy of Saxony, and created the Duchies of Westphalia and Styria.

★ Alexius II Comnenus becomes Byzantine emperor.

★ The Wittelsbach family takes control of Bavaria.

★ Kilij Arslan II allies with Saladin after the death of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus.

★ Alexander Neckam becomes a lecturer in Paris, and writes ''De Natura Rerum'', an early mention of chess (approximate date).

★ Estimation: Hangzhou, capital of Southern Song China becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Fes in the Almohad Empire.[1]

★ Last major volcanic eruption of Sunset Crater, in Arizona.

Births

★ August 6 — Emperor Go-Toba of Japan (d. 1239)

★ Berenguela of Castile, queen of Alfonso IX of Castile (d. 1246)

★ Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, English soldier (d. 1230)

★ King Eric X of Sweden (d. 1216)

Deaths

★ September 18 — King Louis VII of France (b. 1120)

★ September 24 — Manuel I Comnenus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1118)

★ October 25 — John of Salisbury, French bishop (b. c. 1120)

★ Al-Mustadi, Caliph (b. 1142)

★ William de Braose, 3rd Lord of Bramber

★ Abraham ibn Daud, philosopher (martyred) (b. c. 1120)

★ Roman I of Kiev

★ Yaroslav II of Kiev

★ Prince Mochihito, son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan

★ Minamoto no Yorimasa, Japanese samurai (b. 1106)

★ Zhu Shuzhen, Chinese female poet