1283

'Years:' 1280 1281 1282 - 1283 - 1284 1285 1286

'Decades:' 1250s 1260s 1270s - '1280s' - 1290s 1300s 1310s

'Centuries:' 12th century - '13th century' - 14th century

Contents

Events

Europe

Asia

Births

Deaths

Events

Europe

★ June 1 - The young Duke Rudolph II of Austria is forced to yield his claim on the Duchies of Austria and Styria to his elder brother, Albert I of Germany, under the Treaty of Rheinfelden.

★ July 8 - At the naval Battle of Malta at Valletta, an Angevin fleet sent to help put down a rebellion on Malta is defeated by the fleet of Roger of Lauria.

★ October 3 - Death by hanging, drawing and quartering is first used as a form of capital punishment (for the newly created crime of high treason) by King Edward I of England in his execution of Dafydd ap Gruffydd, the last ruler of an independent Wales.

★ Construction of Caernarfon castle, Conwy Castle, and Harlech Castle is begun in Wales by King Edward I of England as a system of defenses against possible future Welsh uprisings.

★ King Philip III of France causes a mass migration of Jews when he outlaws their residence in the small villages and rural localities of France.

★ The E codex of the Cantigas de Santa Maria, a collection of Portuguese musical manuscripts, is dated to between 1280 and 1283.

★ The Libro de los juegos, an early European treatise on board games (including chess, dice, and a version of backgammon), is commissioned by King Alfonso X of Castile between 1251 and 1283.

★ Jakub Swinka becomes archbishop of Gniezno.

Asia

★ King Ramkhamhaeng the Great of the Sukhothai kingdom creates the Thai alphabet, according to tradition.

★ Kublai Khan's Mongol Empire invades the Khmer empire of present-day Cambodia; King Jayavarman VIII decides to pay tribute rather than fight the invasion, buying peace and preserving the empire.

★ Construction on the northern section of the Grand Canal of China is completed.

★ The city of Guiyang is founded in China.

★ Earthquake destroys two thirds of the cave city of Vardzia

Births

★ Date uncertain - Margaret, the Maid of Norway (died 1290)

Deaths

★ January 9 - Wen Tianxiang, Chinese prime minister (executed (born 1236)

★ October 3 - Dafydd ap Gruffydd, Welsh Prince of Gwynedd (executed)

★ Philip, Crown Prince of Constantinople, Persian poet (born 1243)

★ Piotr z Bogorii i Skotnik, Polish nobleman