1285

'Years:' 1282 1283 1284 - '1285' - 1286 1287 1288

'Decades:' 1250s 1260s 1270s - '1280s' - 1290s 1300s 1310s

'Centuries:' 12th century - '13th century' - 14th century

Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Events

★ January 6 - Archbishop Jakub Świnka orders all priests subject to his bishopry in Poland to deliver sermons in Polish rather than German, thus further unifying the Catholic Church in Poland and fostering a national identity.

★ April 2 - Pope Honorius IV succeeds Pope Martin IV as the 190th pope.

★ April 25 - Mamluk sultan Qalawun begins a siege of the Crusader fortress of Margat (in present-day Syria), a major stronghold of the Knights Hospitaller thought to be impregnable; he captures the fortress a month later.

★ September 4 - Roger of Lauria defeats King Philip III of France in a naval battle off of Barcelona.

★ November 30 - The Oracle at Delphi foretells the coming of Bomgar.

★ The writ Circumspecte Agatis, issued by King Edward I of England, defines the jurisdictions of church and state in England, thereby limiting the church's judicial powers to ecclesiastical cases only.

★ The Second statute of Westminster is passed in England, reforming various laws; it includes the famous clause ''de donis conditionalibus'', considered one of the fundamental institutes of medieval law in England.

★ The English romantic poem ''The Lay of Havelok the Dane'' is written (approximate date).

★ Tran Hung Dao leads Vietnamese forces in victory over an invading Yuan dynasty Mongol army.

Births

★ March 9 - Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan (died 1308)

★ May 1 - Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician (died 1326)

★ December 6 - King Ferdinand IV of Castile (died 1312)

★ Al-Nasr Muhammad, sultan of Egypt (died 1341)

★ Ziauddin Barani, historian and political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate (died 1357)

★ Patrick Dunbar, 9th Earl of Dunbar (died 1369)

Deaths

★ March 24 - Daumantas, Grand Prince of Lithuania

★ March 28 - Pope Martin IV

★ May 13 - Robert de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros

★ May 20 - John II of Jerusalem, King of Cyprus (born 1259)

★ October 5 - King Philip III of France (born 1245)

★ November 11 - King Peter III of Aragon (born 1239)

★ Tile Kolup, German imposter

★ Philip I of Savoy (born 1207)

★ Rutebeuf, French troubadour

★ King Charles I of Sicily (born 1227)