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Year '1531' was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Contents

Events of 1531

January - June

July - December

Undated

Births

Deaths

Events of 1531

January - June

★ January 26 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake in which five die.

★ February 27 - Lutheran princes in the Holy Roman Empire form a defensive alliance known as the Schmalkaldic League.

★ February (or March) - Battle of Antukyah between Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi of Adal and an Ethiopian army.

★ February 11 - Henry VIII of England recognised as supreme head of the Church of England.

★ April - Battle of Puná: Francisco Pizarro defeats the island's native inhabitants.

★ April 16 - The city of Puebla, Mexico was founded.

★ June 24 - The city of San Juan del Río, Mexico was founded.

July - December

★ July 25 - The city of Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico was founded.

★ September 22 - In the Battle of Obertyn the Moldavians were defeated by Polish forces under Jan Amor Tarnowski, allowing the Polish Crown to retrieve Pokucie.

★ October 11 - In the Battle of Kappel the forces of Zürich were defeated by the Catholic cantons. Huldrych Zwingli, the Swiss religious reformer, was killed.

★ October 28 - In the Battle of Amba Sel Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi again defeated the army of Lebna Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia. The southern part of Ethiopia thus fell under Imam Ahmad's control.

★ December 12 - The Virgin Mary in the guise of Our Lady of Guadalupe appeared Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin, an Aztec convert to Catholicism.

Undated

★ Andrea Alciato publishes the first part of his ''Emblemata''.

★ The Comet Halley appears.

★ Conquistador Francisco de Montejo claims Chichen Itza as capital of Spanish ruled Yucatán.

★ University of Sarajevo is founded by Gazi Husrev-beg.

★ Kõpu lighthouse is completed.

Births

★ September - Henry Stanley, 4th Earl of Derby (died 1594)

★ October 12 - Jacques de Savoie, 2nd Duc de Nemours (died 1585)

★ November 18 - Roberto di Ridolfi, Italian conspirator against Elizabeth I (died 1612)

★ ''date unknown''

★
★ Henry, Count of Bréderode (died 1568)

★
★ Akiyama Nobutomo, Japanese nobleman (died 1575)

★
★ John Popham, Lord Chief Justice of England (died 1607)

★
★ António, Prior of Crato, claimant to the throne of Portugal (died 1595)
: ''See also .''

Deaths

★ January 21 - Andrea del Sarto, Italian painter (born 1487)

★ February 16 - Johannes Stöffler, German mathematician (born 1452)

★ March 6 - Pedrarias Dávila, Spanish colonial administrator (born c1440)

★ May 19 - Jan Łaski, Polish statesman and diplomat (b. 1456)

★ July 7 - Tilman Riemenschneider, German sculptor (born 1460)

★ July 17 - Hosokawa Takakuni, Japanese military commander (b. 1484)

★ July 23 - Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet, Marshal of Normandy and husband of Diane de Poitiers

★ October 10 - Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss reformer (killed in battle) (born 1484)

★ September 22 - Louise of Savoy, mother of Francis I of France (born 1476)

★ November 24 - Johannes Oecolampadius, German religious reformer (born 1482)

★ ''date unknown''

★
★ Vallabhacharya, founder of the Hindu Vallabha sect (born 1479)

★ ''probable''

★
★ Fernan Perez de Oliva, Spanish man of letters (born 1492)
: ''See also .''