{{year nav|
''For the toll-free telephone number see
Toll-free telephone number''
Year '1800 (
MDCCC)' was a
common year starting on Wednesday of the
Gregorian calendar, but a
leap year starting on Sunday
[1]
of the
Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, , but 12 days ahead since Saturday, .
Events of 1800
★
World population was nearing 1 billion people, at 978 million. The 1 billion milestone will not be accomplished until 2 years later, in
1802. The population distribution by region:
★
★
Africa: 107,000,000
★
★
Asia: 635,000,000
★
★
★
China:300-400,000,000
[2]
★
★
Europe: 203,000,000
★
★
Latin-America: 24,000,000
★
★
Northern America: 7,000,000
★
★
Oceania: 2,000,000
January - March
★
February - Foundation of the
Bank of France
★
March 14 -
Pope Pius VII (Cardinal Barnaba Chiaramonti) succeeds
Pope Pius VI as the 251st
pope.
★
March 21 -
Pius VII is ordained.
April - June
★
April 24 - U.S.
Library of Congress founded.
★
May 5 -
Great Britain passes the
Act of Union to join Great Britain and
Ireland into the
United Kingdom to take effect on 1 January
1801. The act is signed by King
George III in August.
★
May 15 -
Napoleon Bonaparte crosses the
Alps and invades
Italy.
★
June 2 - First
smallpox vaccination in
North America, at
Trinity, Newfoundland.
★
June 14 -
Battle of Marengo, Napoleon defeats the
Austrian troops near
Marengo, Italy.
★
June 27 - Pascha
Jussuf Karamanli of
Tripoli declares war on
Sweden by having the flagpole on the consulate chopped down.
July - September
★
September 5 - At the invitation of the
Maltese, British troops liberate the Islands of
Malta and
Gozo from the French.
★
September 20 -
Treaty of Mortefontaine signed between
France,
Britain, and the
United States of America, ending the
Quasi War.
October - December
★
November 1 - U.S. President
John Adams becomes the first
President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the
White House).
★
November 1 -
Middlebury College is granted its charter by the
Vermont General Assembly
★
November 17 - The
U.S. Congress holds its first
Washington, D.C. session.
★
December 3 -
Battle of Hohenlinden, the French army defeats the Austrian troops.
★
December 24 - An assault on
Napoleon Bonaparte fails in
Paris.
★
December 24 -
Pierre Coudrin and
Henriette Aymer de la Chevalerie found the
Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary in
Paris.
Undated
★ Invention of the
voltaic pile by
Alessandro Volta: the first chemical
battery.
★ The
infrared radiation is discovered by
Wilhelm Herschel.
★
Electrolysis of water is discovered by
Anthony Carlisle and
William Nicholson by passing a voltaic current through water, generating hydrogen and oxygen.
★ The
Althing of
Iceland, the world's oldest
parliament, is abolished.
★
Convention of 1800 occurs.
★
Thomas Jefferson beats
John Adams in
U.S. election.
★
Downing College, Cambridge founded
Ongoing events
★
French Revolutionary Wars (
1792-
1802)-
Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign
★
Napoleonic Wars (
1799-
1815)-
Second Coalition/Egyptian Campaign
Births
January-June
★
January 1 -
Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere (died
1857)
★
January 6 -
Anna Maria Hall, Irish writer (died
1889)
★
January 7 -
Millard Fillmore, 13th
President of the United States (died
1874)
★
January 11 -
Anyos Jedlik, Hungarian physicist, the inventor of the
Dynamo (
1895)
★
January 12 -
George Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon, English diplomat and statesman (died
1870)
★
January 14 -
Ludwig von Köchel, Austrian musicologist (died
1877)
★
January 17 -
Caleb Cushing, American statesman and diplomat (died
1879)
★
January 24 -
Edwin Chadwick, English social reformer (died
1890)
★
January 26
★
★
Johann Gerhard Oncken, German Baptist preacher (died
1884)
★
★
Elizabeth Ann Whitney,
Mormon leader (died
1882)
★
January 27 -
John Evelyn Denison, 1st Viscount Ossington, English statesman (died
1875)
★
February 1 -
Brian Houghton Hodgson, English civil servant (died
1894)
★ felix mendelson
★
February 6 -
Achille Devéria, French painter and lithographer (died
1857)
★
February 9
★
★
Hyrum Smith, American religious leader (died
1844)
★
★
Joseph von Führich, Austrian painter (died
1876)
★
February 11 -
William Fox Talbot, English photographic pioneer (died
1877)
★
February 12 -
John Edward Gray, British zoologist (died
1875)
★
February 23 -
William Jardine, Scottish naturalist (died
1874)
★
February 26
★
★
Lucius Lyon, U.S. statesman (died
1851)
★
★
John Baptist Purcell, U.S. (Irish-born) archbishop (died
1883)
★
March 2 -
Evgeny Baratynsky, Russian poet (died
1844)
★
March 3 -
Heinrich Georg Bronn, German geologist and paleontologist (died
1862)
★
March 4 -
William Price, British physician and eccentric (died
1893)
★
★
Victor Aimé Huber, German social reformer (died
1869)
★
★
George Hudson, English railway financier (died
1871)
★
March 12 -
Louis Prosper Gachard, Belgian man of letters (died
1885)
★
March 13 -
Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha, Turkish statesman and diplomat
★
March 16 -
Emperor Ninko of Japan (died
1846)
★
March 17 -
Rudolf Ewald Stier, German Protestant churchman and mystic (died
1862)
★
March 20 -
Gottfried Bernhardy, German philologist and literary historian (died
1875)
★
March 25
★
★
Alexis Paulin Paris, French scholar and author (died
1881)
★
★
Ernst Heinrich Karl von Dechen, German geologist and mineralogist (died
1889)
★
March 28 -
Johann Georg Wagler, German herpetologist (died
1832)
★
April 2 -
Andrzej Artur Zamoyski, Polish nobleman (died
1874)
★
April 4 -
Tokugawa Nariaki, Japanese daimyo of Mito (died
1860)
★
April 15 -
James Clark Ross, British naval officer and explorer (died
1862)
★
April 16
★
★
Jakob Heine, German orthopaedist (died
1879)
★
★
George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan, British soldier (died
1888)
★
April 29 -
Hiram Cronk, last surviving veteran of the
War of 1812 (died
1905)
★
May 1 -
James Black, creator of the original Bowie knife (died
1870)
★
May 5 -
Louis Christophe François Hachette, French publisher (died
1864)
★
May 6 -
Roman Sanguszko, Polish noble (died
1881)
★
May 8 -
Armand Carrel, French writer (died
1836)
★
May 9
★
★
John Brown, American abolitionist (died
1859)
★
★
Samuel Carter Hall, English journalist (died
1889)
★
May 30 -
Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach, German geometer (died
1827)
★
June 1 -
Charles Fremantle, Royal Navy officer (died
1869)
★
June 2 -
Nicholas P. Trist, secretary to
Andrew Jackson (died
1874)
★
June 3 -
Gustaw Potworowski, Polish activist (died
1860)
★
June 17 -
William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, Irish astronomer (died
1867)
★
June 23 -
Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and social activist (died
1846)
★
June 30 -
Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (died
1873)
July - December
★
July 14 -
Jean-Baptiste Dumas, French chemist (died
1884)
★
July 19 -
Juan José Flores, first president of Ecuador (died
1864)
★
July 22
★
★
Jakob Lorber, German Christian mystic (died
1864)
★
★
Robert McCormick, British Royal Navy surgeon (died
1890)
★
July 31
★
★
Robert L. Caruthers, Confederate governor of Tennessee (died
1882)
★
★
Friedrich Wöhler, German chemist (died
1882)
★
August 4 -
Hercules L. Dousman, American trader and financier (died
1868)
★
August 5 -
Ramón María Narváez y Campos, 1st Duke of Valencia, Spanish soldier and statesman (died
1868)
★
August 10 -
Otto August Rosenberger, German astronomer (died
1890)
★
August 12
★
★
Jean-Jacques Ampère, French philologist (died
1864)
★
★
Ugo Bassi, Italian patriot (died
1849)
★
August 13 -
Ippolito Rosellini, Italian Egyptologist (died
1843)
★
August 19
★
★
Buckner Stith Morris, mayor of Chicago (died
1879)
★
★
James Lenox, American bibliophile and philanthropist (died
1880)
★
August 21 -
Hiram Walden, American politician (died
1880)
★
August 22
★
★
Edward Barron Chandler, American politician (died
1880)
★
★
William S. Harney, U.S. general (died
1889)
★
★
Edward Bouverie Pusey, English churchman (died
1882)
★
August 25 -
Karl Hase, German Protestant theologian and Church historian (died
1890)
★
September 6 -
Catharine Beecher, American educator (died
1878)
★
September 11 -
Daniel S. Dickinson, Confederate admiral (died
1866)
★
September 12
★
★
Pierre St. Amant, leading French chess master (died
1872)
★
★
William Cavendish-Scott-Bentinck, 5th Duke of Portland (died
1879)
★
September 13
★
★
Franklin Buchanan, officer in the U.S. Navy who became an admiral in the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War (died
1874)
★
★
David Stewart, American politician (died
1858)
★
September 15 -
Paul Friedrich, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (died
1842)
★
September 19 -
William McKean, admiral in the United States Navy (died
1865)
★
September 20
★
★
John Pascoe Grenfell, British admiral of the Brazilian Navy (died
1869)
★
★
Benjamin Franklin White, American singing master (died
1879)
★
September 22
★
★
George Bentham, English botanist (died
1884)
★
★
Thomas Holloway, English pharmacist and philanthropist (died
1883)
★
September 23 -
William Holmes McGuffey, American professor who created the McGuffey Readers (died
1873)
★
September 30 -
Decimus Burton, prolific English architect and garden designer (died
1881)
★
October 1 -
Lars Levi Laestadius, Swedish Lutheran pastor of Sami ancestry (died
1861)
★
October 2 -
Nat Turner, American slave rebel (died
1831)
★
October 3 -
George Bancroft, American historian and statesman (died
1891)
★
October 8 -
Jules Desnoyers, French geologist and archaeologist (died
1887)
★
October 18 -
Henry Taylor, English dramatist (died
1886)
★
October 22 -
Christian Lassen, German orientalist (died
1876)
★
October 23 -
Henri Milne-Edwards, French zoologist (died
1885)
★
October 25
★
★
Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, British poet (died
1859)
★
★
Jacques Paul Migne, French priest, theologian, and publisher (died
1875)
★
October 26 -
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, German field marshal (died
1891)
★
October 27 -
Benjamin Wade, U.S. lawyer and politician (died
1878)
★
November 4
★
★
Edwin Waller, American entrepreneur (died
1881)
★
★
George Long, English classical scholar (died
1879)
★
November 17 -
Achille Fould, French financier and politician (died
1867)
★
November 18 -
John Nelson Darby, British evangelist (died
1882)
★
November 22 -
Linn Boyd, U.S. politician (died
1859)
★
December 1 -
Mihály Vörösmarty, Hungarian poet (died
1855)
★
December 3 -
France Prešeren, Slovenian poet (died
1849)
★
December 4
★
★
Emil Aarestrup, Danish erotic poet (died
1856)
★
★
William Fenwick Williams, British military (died
1883)
★
December 5 -
Thomas Ford, governor of Illinois (died
1850)
★
December 7 -
Giuseppe Gené, Italian naturalist and author (died
1847)
★
December 20 -
Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax, English statesman (died
1885)
★
December 25 -
John Phillips, English geologist (died
1874)
★
December 27 -
John Goss, English organist and composer (died
1880)
★
December 29 -
Charles Goodyear, American rubber magnate (died
1860)
★ ''date unknown
★
★
Elias Boudinot, Cherokee who started and edited the tribe's first newspaper (died
1839)
★
★
John McLeod Campbell, Scottish churchman (died
1872)
★
★
Martín Perfecto de Cos, Mexican general (died
1854)
★
★
James Glynn, United States Navy officer (died
1871)
★
★
Edwin Guest, English antiquary (died
1880)
★
★
Frederick Yeates Hurlstone, English painter (died
1869)
★
★
Thomas Henry Lister, English novelist (died
1842)
★
★
William Simson, Scottish painter (died
1847)
★
★
Harriet Smithson, Irish actress (died
1854)
★
★
Jacob Westervelt, American shipbuilder and mayor of New York (died
1856)
★ ''probable''
★
★
Richard Lawrence, attempted assassin of
Andrew Jackson (died
1861)
★
★
William Nicholson, officer in the United States Navy (died
1872)
: ''See also .''
Deaths
January-June
★
January 1 -
Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French naturalist (born
1716)
★
January 6
★
★
William Jones, English divine (born
1726)
★
★
Baron von Riedesel, German soldier (born
1738)
★
January 9 -
Jean Étienne Championnet, French general (born
1762)
★
January 13 -
Dempsey Burges, Republican U.S. Congressman (born
1751)
★
January 20 -
Thomas Mifflin, fifth
President of the United States in Congress assembled under the
Articles of Confederation (born
1744)
★
January 22 -
George Steevens, English Shakespearean commentator (born
1736)
★
January 23 -
Edward Rutledge, U.S. statesman (born
1749)
★
February 2 -
James C. Jarvis, United States Navy officer (born
1787)
★
February 23 -
Joseph Warton, English academic and literary critic (born
1722)
★ March -
Joseph de Guignes, French orientalist (born
1721)
★
March 1 -
John Hazelwood, officer in the Continental Navy (born
1726)
★
March 14 -
Daines Barrington, English naturalist (born
1727)
★
March 21 -
William Blount, U.S. statesman (born
1749)
★
March 29 -
Marc René, marquis de Montalembert, French military engineer and writer (born
1714)
★
April 13 -
Kazimierz Poniatowski, Polish nobleman (born
1721)
★
April 25
★
★
Ezekiel Cornell, Continental Congressman from Rhode Island (born
1732)
★
★
William Cowper, English poet (born
1731)
★
May 4 -
Armand, duc d'Aiguillon (born
1750)
★
May 7 -
Niccola Piccinni, Italian composer (born
1728)
★
May 18 -
Alexander Suvorov, Count of Rymnik (born
1729)
★
June 14
★
★
Louis Charles Antoine Desaix, French military leader (killed in battle) (born
1768)
★
★
Jean Baptiste Kléber, French general (assassinated) (born
1753)
★
June 20 -
Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (born
1719)
★
June 24 -
Charles Stewart, American revolutionary (born
1729)
★
June 28 -
Théophile Corret de la Tour d'Auvergne, Grenadier officer in the French army (born
1743)
★
June 30 -
Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney, British politician (born
1732)
July-December
★
July 14 -
Lorenzo Mascheroni, Italian mathematician (born
1750)
★
July 18 -
John Rutledge, governor of South Carolina (born
1739)
★
August 24 -
Rawlins Lowndes, American lawyer and jurist (born
1721)
★
August 25 -
Elizabeth Montagu, English literary critic (born
1720)
★
August 31 -
John Blair, American politician (born
1732)
★
September 2 -
Maciej Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (born
1749)
★
September 26 -
William Billings, American choral composer (born
1746)
★
September 27 -
William Gibbons, American lawyer and revolutionary (born
1726)
★
September 29 -
Michael Denis, Austrian poet (born
1729)
★
October 4 -
Johann Hermann, German physician and naturalist (born
1738)
★
October 10 -
Gabriel Prosser, African American slave and revolutionary (born
1775)
★
October 16 -
Benjamin Huntington, American lawyer and politician (born
1736)
★
October 28 -
Artemas Ward, American Major General in the American Revolutionary War and a Congressman from Massachusetts (born
1727)
★
November 5 -
Jesse Ramsden, English astronomical instrument maker (born
1735)
★
November 14 -
François Claude Amour, marquis de Bouillé, French general (born
1739)
★
November 30 -
Matthew Robinson, 2nd Baron Rokeby, English eccentric nobleman (born
1712)
★
December 7 -
Wilhelm von Knyphausen, Hessian Lieutenant-General (born
1716)
★
December 17 -
William Peery, American farmer and lawyer (born
1743)
★
December 26 -
Mary Robinson, English poet (born
1756)
★
December 27 -
Hugh Blair, Scottish Presbyterian preacher and man of letters (born
1718)
★ ''date unknown''
★
★
Jean-Baptiste Audebert, French artist and naturalist
★
★
Samuel Barrington, British admiral (born
1729)
★
★
Thomas Conway, Irish soldier (born
1734)
★
★
Henry Cort, English ironmaster
★
★
George Dixon, English sea captain and explorer (born
1755)
★
★
Charles Johnstone, Irish writer (born
1719)
★
★
Aleksander August Zamoyski, Polish nobleman
: ''See also .''
Notes
1.
"Calendar in year 1800 (Russia)" (full Julian calendar), webpage:
Julian-1800
(Russia used the Julian calendar until 1919).
2. Roberts, J: "History of the World.". Penguin, 1994.
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