1870S

Events and Trends

★ The invention of the telephone (1876) by Alexander Graham Bell.

★ The light bulb was invented.

★ The phonograph is invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison.

★ Ludwig Boltzmann's statistical definition of thermodynamic entropy

★ Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) results in the collapse of the Second French Empire and in the formation of both the French Third Republic and the German Empire

★ Continuing expansion of the British Empire; beginning of the New Imperialism

★ Bulgaria and Romania declare independence following war against the Ottoman Empire

★ Passive resistance is used to prevent the confiscation of Māori land at Parihaka in New Zealand

★ Emergence of German Empire and Alliance System

★ In the United States, continuation of post-Civil War reconstruction until its conclusion under President Rutherford B. Hayes in 1877

★ Jeanne Calment, born 1875, would eventually become the longest-living human being in recorded history. She lived until 1997, at the age of 122. She still holds the record as of 2007.

★ Atlas Bear goes extinct.

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