Year '1876' ('
MDCCCLXXVI') was a
leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the
Gregorian Calendar (or a
leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower
Julian calendar).
Events of 1876
January - March
★
January 31 -
United States orders all
Indigenous peoples in the United States to move into reservations
★
February 2 - The
National League of Professional Baseball Clubs of
Major League Baseball is formed.
★
February 3 -
Paraguay makes peace with
Argentina after the
War of the Triple Alliance.
★
February 15 -
Texas ratifies its current constitution.
★
February 22 -
Johns Hopkins University founded in
Baltimore, Maryland.
★
March 7 -
Alexander Graham Bell is granted a patent for an invention he calls the
telephone (patent # 174,465).
★
March 10 -
Alexander Graham Bell makes the first successful
telephone call by saying "Mr. Watson, come here, I want you."
April - June
★
April 16 -
Bulgarian
April uprising.
★
April 17 - Six
Fenian prisoners escape from a penal colony in
Fremantle,
Australia with the aid of ship
Catalpa.
★
May 1 - The Settle to Carlisle Railway in England is opened to passenger traffic.
★
May 10 - The
Centennial Exposition begins in
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
★
May 11-
May 12 -
Berlin Memorandum - Germany, Russia and Austria-Hungary propose an armistice between Turkey and its
insurgents.
★
May 16 - British prime minister
Benjamin Disraeli rejects
Berlin Memorandum.
★
May 18 -
Wyatt Earp starts work in
Dodge City, Kansas, serving under
Marshal Larry Deger.
★
June 4 - An express
train called the
Transcontinental Express arrives in
San Francisco, California via the
First Transcontinental Railroad only 83 hours and 39 minutes after having left
New York City.
★
June 17 -
Indian Wars:
Battle of the Rosebud - 1,500
Sioux and
Cheyenne led by
Crazy Horse beat back General
George Crook forces at Rosebud Creek in
Montana Territory.
★
June 25 - Indian Wars:
Battle of the Little Bighorn.
Lieutenant colonel George Armstrong Custer of the
US 7th Cavalry Regiment leads a unit of 300 men in battle against the allied forces of
Lakota,
Cheyenne and
Arapaho, counting 5000 men under the leadership of
Sitting Bull and
Crazy Horse. The latter emerge victorious.
July - September
★
July 1 -
Serbia declares war on
Turkey.
★
July 2 -
Montenegro declares war on
Turkey.
★
July 4 - The
United States celebrates its
centennial.
★
July 8 -
Reichstadt Agreement between Russia and Austria-Hungary on partitioning the Balkan peninsula.
★
July 13 - The prosecution of
Arthur Tooth, an
Anglican clergyman, for using
ritualist practices begins.
★
August 1 -
Colorado is admitted as the 38th
U.S. state.
★
August 8 -
Thomas Edison receives a patent for his
mimeograph.
★
August 31 -
Murat V,
sultan of the
Ottoman Empire is deposed and succeeded by his brother
Abdul Hamid II.
★
September 5 -
Gladstone publishes ''Bulgarian Horrors'' pamphlet.
★
September 7 - In
Northfield, Minnesota,
Jesse James and the
James-Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are surrounded by an angry mob and are nearly wiped out.
October - December
★
October 4 -
Texas A&M University, opened for classes.
★
October 31 - Catastrophic
cyclone strikes the east coast of
India. 200,000 people lose their lives.
★
November 2 - A
giant squid, 6.1 meters long, washes ashore in
Thimble Tickle Bay in
Newfoundland
★
November 7 - The
U.S. presidential election is held. After long and heated disputes,
Rutherford Birchard Hayes would be declared the winner over
Samuel Jones Tilden.
★
November 10 - The
Centennial Exposition ends in
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
★
November 23 - Corrupt
Tammany Hall leader William Marcy Tweed (better known as
Boss Tweed) is delivered to authorities in
New York City after being captured in
Spain.
★
November 25 -
Indian Wars: In retaliation for the dramatic
American defeat at the
Battle of the Little Bighorn,
United States Army troops under General
Ranald S. Mackenzie sack
Chief Dull Knife's sleeping
Cheyenne village at the headwaters of the
Powder River (the soldiers destroyed all of the villager's winter food and clothing and then slashed their ponies' throats).
★
November 29 -
Porfirio Díaz becomes President of
Mexico.
★
December 5 - A
Brooklyn, New York theater fire kills more than 300.
★
December 6 - The first
cremation in the
United States took place in a crematory built by
Francis Julius LeMoyne.
★
December 23 -
Conference of Constantinople about Ottoman treatment of its ethnic minorities begins.
★
December 29 -
Ashtabula River Railroad bridge disaster occurs, leaving 92 dead.
Undated
★
Charles Wells opens his
brewery based in
Bedford, England.
★ Lyford House, by
Richardson Bay,
Tiburon, California is constructed
★ Construction of
Spandau Prison completed.
★ Invention of the
four-stroke cycle internal combustion engine by
Nikolaus Otto.
★
Samurai are banned from carrying swords in
Japan.
★
Harvard Lampoon founded.
★ The
Conchological Society of Great Britain & Ireland founded.
★
Lars Magnus Ericsson and Carl Johan Andersson start a small mechanical workshop in
Stockholm,
Sweden, dealing with
telegraphy equipment, which grows into the world-wide company
Ericsson.
★
Friends Academy is founded by
Gideon Frost.
★ Sports club
Associação Académica de Coimbra - O.A.F. was founded.
★
Port Vale Football Club was formed.
★
Stourbridge Football Club was formed.
★
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was published.
Births
January - June
★
January 5 -
Konrad Adenauer,
Chancellor of Germany (d.
1967)
★
★
James V. Cavaliere
★
January 12
★
★
Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari, Italian composer (d.
1948)
★
★
Jack London, American author (d.
1916)
★
January 20 -
Józef Hofmann, Polish pianist (d.
1967)
★
January 23 -
Otto Diels, German chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1954)
★
January 29 -
Havergal Brian, British composer (d.
1972)
★
February 12 -
Thubten Gyatso, 13th
Dalai Lama (d.
1933)
★
February 16
★
★
Mack Swain, American actor (d.
1935)
★
★
G.M. Trevelyan, British historian (d.
1962)
★
February 19 -
Constantin Brancusi, Romanian sculptor (d.
1957)
★
March 1 -
Henri de Baillet-Latour, Belgian International Olympic Committee president (d.
1942)
★
March 2 -
Pope Pius XII (d.
1958)
★
March 4
★
★
Léon-Paul Fargue, French poet (d.
1947)
★
★
Theodore Hardeen, Magician and stunt performer, founder of the Magician's Guild (d.
1945)
★
March 11 -
Carl Ruggles, British composer (d.
1971)
★
March 21 -
John Tewksbury, American athlete (d.
1968)
★
March 31 -
Borisav "Bora" Stanković,
Serbian writer (d.
1927)
★
April 4 -
Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter and poet (d.
1958)
★
April 11 -
Paul Henry, Irish artist (d.
1958)
★
April 22 -
Robert Bárány, Hungarian physician, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
1936)
★
May 10 -
Ivan Cankar, Slovenian writer (d.
1918)
★
May 18 -
Hermann Müller,
Chancellor of Germany (d.
1931)
★
June 5 -
Tony Jackson, American jazz musician (d.
1920)
★
June 13 -
William Sealy Gosset, English chemist (d.
1937)
July - December
★
July 2 -
Wilhelm Cuno,
Chancellor of Germany (d.
1933)
★
July 12 -
Max Jacob, French poet (d.
1944)
★
July 16 -
Alfred Stock, German chemist (d.
1946)
★
July 19 -
Joseph Fielding Smith, president of
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d.
1972)
★
August 7 -
Mata Hari, exotic dancer and spy (d.
1917)
★
August 25 -
Eglantyne Jebb, co-founder of the
Save the Children Fund and champion of children's human rights (d.
1928)
★
September 1 -
Harriet Shaw Weaver, English political activist (d.
1961)
★
September 6 -
John James Richard Macleod, Scottish-born physician and physiologist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1935)
★
September 15 -
Bruno Walter, German conductor (d.
1962)
★
September 16 -
Marvin Hart, American boxer (d.
1931)
★
September 18 -
James Scullin, ninth
Prime Minister of Australia (d.
1953)
★
September 26 -
Edith Abbott, American social worker, educator, and author (d.
1957)
★
October 13 -
Rube Waddell, baseball player (d.
1914)
★
November 2 -
William Haywood, British architect (d.
1957)
★
November 7
★
★
Charlie Townsend, English cricketer (d.
1958)
★
★
Culbert Olson, Governor of California (d.
1962)
★
November 17 -
August Sander, German photographer (d.
1964)
★
November 23 -
Manuel de Falla, Spanish composer (d.
1946)
★
November 24 -
Walter Burley Griffin, American architect (d.
1937)
★
December 9 -
Berton Churchill, Canadian actor (d.
1940)
★
December 12 -
Alvin Kraenzlein, American athlete (d.
1928)
★
December 21 -
Jack Lang, Australian politician (d.
1975)
★
December 25
★
★
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founder of Pakistan (d.
1948)
★
★
Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus, German chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1959)
★
December 29 -
Pablo Casals, Catalan cellist (d.
1973)
★ ''date unknown''
★
★
Alfred S. Alschuler, American architect (d.
1940)
★
★
Anton Boisen, founder of
Clinical Pastoral Education movement (d.
1965)
: ''See also .''
Deaths
January - June
★
January 3 -
Pierre Larousse, grammarian (b.
1817)
★
February 18 -
Charlotte Cushman, American actress (b.
1816)
★
April 9 -
Charles Goodyear, American politician (b.
1804)
★
May 8 -
Truganini, last Tasmanian Aboriginal (b. c. 1812)
★
May 24 -
Henry Kingsley, English novelist (b. 1830)
★
May 26 -
František Palacký, Czech historian and politician (b.
1798)
★
June 4 -
Abdülâziz,
Ottoman Sultan (b.
1830)
★
June 6 -
Auguste Casimir-Perier, French diplomat (b. 1811)
★
June 21 -
Antonio López de Santa Anna,
President of Mexico (b.
1794)
★
June 25 -
George Armstrong Custer, U.S. Army officer (killed in battle) (b.
1839)
July - December
★
July 1 -
Mikhail Bakunin, Russian revolutionary and anarchist (b. 1814)
★
August 2 -
Wild Bill Hickok, American gunfighter and entertainer (b.
1837)
★
October 1 -
James Lick, American land baron (b.
1796)
★
November 18 -
Narcisse Virgilio Díaz, painter (b.
1807)
★
December 29 -
Titus Salt, businessman and philanthropist (b. 1803)
: ''See also .''
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