1915

Year '1915' ('MCMXV') was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday^[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar).

Contents

Events of 1915

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Undated

Ongoing

Fictional

Births

January-February

March-April

May-June

July-August

September-October

November-December

Deaths

January - June

July - December

Nobel prizes

Notes

External links

Table of Contents

Events of 1915

January

★ January - While working as a cook at New York's Sloan Hospital under an assumed name, "Typhoid Mary" infects 25 people, and is placed in quarantine for life.

★ January 1 - Sinking of the battleship HMS ''Formidable'', off Lyme Regis, Dorset, England, by a German U-Boat.

★ January 12

★
★ The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the U.S. Congress.

★
★ United States House of Representatives rejects proposal to give women the right to vote.

★ January 13 – An earthquake (6.8 in Richter scale) in Avezzano, Italy: more than 12,000 dead.

★ January 19

★
★ Georges Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.

★
★ German zeppelins bomb the cities of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom for the first time, killing more than 20.

★ January 21 - Kiwanis International is founded in Detroit, Michigan.

★ January 28 - An act of the U.S. Congress designates the United States Coast Guard, begun in 1790, as a military branch.

★ January 31 - World War I: Germany uses poison gas against Russians.

February

★ February 8 - The controversial film ''The Birth of a Nation'' by D.W. Griffith premieres (Los Angeles, California).

★ February 12 - In Washington, DC the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.

★ February 20 - In San Francisco, CA the Panama-Pacific International Exposition is opened.

March

★ March 3 - NACA, the predecessor of NASA, is founded.

★ March 14

★
★ World War I: Off the coast of Chile, the Royal Navy sinks the German battleship SMS ''Dresden''.

★
★ Britain, France and Russia agree to give Constantinople and the Bosporus to Russia in case of victory (the treaty is later nullified by the Bolshevik revolution)

★ March 18 - World War I: British attack on the Dardanelles fails.

★ March 19 - Pluto is photographed for the first time but was not recognized as a planet.

★ March 25 - US submarine F-4 sinks off Hawaii: 21 dead.

★ March 28 - The first Roman Catholic Liturgy is celebrated by Archbishop John Ireland at the newly consecrated Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul, Minnesota.

April

★ April 13 - Mexican Revolution - Pancho Villa's attack against Alvaro Obregon's troops in Celaya. Charge of Villa's troops is no match against Obregon's barbed wire and machine guns

★ April 22 - World War I: Second Battle of Ypres - German troops introduce poison gas at Ypres, Belgium.

★ April 24 - The Ottoman Empire arrests hundreds of Armenian intellectuals, executing most. Armenians mark this as the start of the Armenian Genocide and commemorate the anniversary.

★ April 25

★
★ The ANZAC tradition begins during World War I with a landing at Gallipoli on the Turkish coast.

★
★ The Great Fire of Reykjavík, Iceland's capital.

★ April 30 - Australian submarine AE2 sunk in Sea of Marmara.

May

★ May 3 - John McCrae writes ''In Flanders Fields''.

★ May 5 - World War I: The Turks begin shelling Anzac Cove from a new position behind their lines.

★ May 7 - World War I: The RMS ''Lusitania'' is sunk by a German U-boat killing 1,198.

★ May 9 - World War I: Second Battle of Artois - German and French forces fight.

★ May 17 - The last purely Liberal government in the United Kingdom ends when Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith forms an all party coalition.

★ May 22 - Quintinshill railway disaster, Scotland, UK: 200 killed.

★ May 23 - World War I: Italy joins the Allies after they declare war on Austria-Hungary.

★ May 29 - Teófilo Braga becomes president of Portugal.

June

★ June 3 - Troops of Obregon and Villa clash at León: Obregon loses his right arm in grenade attack but Villa is decisively defeated.

★ June 9 - U.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan resigns over a disagreement regarding his nation's handling of the RMS ''Lusitania'' sinking.

★ June 16 - Foundation of the British Women's Institute

July

★ July 7 - An extremely overloaded Great Gorge and International Railway trolley with 157 passengers crashes near Queenston, Ontario resulting in 15 casualties.

★ July 24 - The steamer ''Eastland'' capsizes in central Chicago, with the loss of 845 lives.

★ July 28 - United States occupation of Haiti begins

August

★ August 5 – 23 - Hurricane Two of the 1915 Atlantic hurricane season over Galveston and New Orleans: 275 dead.

★ August 6 - World War I: Battle of Sari Bair begins - The Allies mount a diversionary attack timed to coincide with a major Allied landing of reinforcements at Suvla Bay.

★ August 16 - The Entente promises the Kingdom of Serbia, should victory be achieved over Austro-Hungary and its allied Central Powers, the territories of Baranja, Srem and Slavonia from the Cisleithanian part of the Dual Monarchy; Bosnia and Herzegovina; and eastern ? of Dalmatia (from the river of Krka to Bar).

★ August 17 - Jewish American Leo Frank is lynched for the alleged murder of a 13-year-old girl in Atlanta, Georgia.

★ August 31 - Jimmy Lavender of the Chicago Cubs pitches a no hitter against the New York Giants.

September

★ September 6 - The first prototype tank is tested for the British Army for the first time.

★ September 7 - Former cartoonist John B. Gruelle is given a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll.

★ September 11 - The Pennsylvania Railroad begins electrified commuter rail service between Paoli and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, using overhead AC trolley wires for power. This type of system would later be used in long-distance passenger trains between New York City, Washington, D.C., and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.

October

★ October 12 - World War I: British nurse Edith Cavell is executed by a German firing squad for helping Allied soldiers escape from Belgium.

★ October 15 - World War I: Austria-Hungary invades Kingdom of Serbia. Bulgaria enters the war, invading Kingdom of Serbia. Retreat of the Serbian First Army towards Greece begins (Serbian campaign (WWI)

★ October 19 - US recognizes Mexican government of Venustiano Carranza ''de facto'' (not ''de jure'' until 1917)

★ October 27 - William Morris Hughes becomes 7th Prime Minister of Australia.

November

★ November 14 - Vision allegedly encountered by various military personnel in Europe at 22:30 hours, as recounted on the television series One Step Beyond.

★ November 25 - The theory of general relativity is formulated.

December

★ December 12 - Chinese president Yuan Shikai declares himself Emperor

★ December 26 - Irish Republican Brotherhood Military Council decides to stage a rising on Easter Sunday 1916.

Undated

★ Alfred Wegener proposes the theory of Pangaea.

★ Emory College is rechartered as Emory University, and plans to move its main campus from Oxford, Georgia to Atlanta.

★ Triangle Film Corporation was founded in the summer of this year

★ Lord Beaverbrook buys the ''Daily Express''.

★ Automobile speed record of 102.6 m.p.h. set at Sheepshead Bay, N.Y.. by Gil Anderson driving a Stutz.

★ The first stop sign appears in Detroit, Michigan.

★ Women's suffrage is introduced in Denmark and Iceland.

★ Franz Kafka's short novel ''Die Verwandlung'' is first published in Germany.

★ Eva Gouel, a former lover of Picasso died.

Ongoing

★ World War I (1914-1918).

★ Ethnic cleansing in Turkey:

★
★ Assyrian Genocide (1914–1922)

★
★ Armenian Genocide (1915–1918).

Fictional

The following are references to year 1915 in fiction: (unknown).

Births

January-February

★ January 2 - John Hope Franklin, American historian

★ January 3 - Sid Hudson, baseball player

★ January 5 - Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (d. 2004)

★ January 6 - Don Edwards, American politician

★ January 11 - Robert Blair Mayne, British soldier and co-founder of the Special Air Service (d. 1955)

★ January 14 - Mark Goodson, American television game show producer (d. 1992)

★ January 18 - Santiago Carrillo, Spanish politician

★ January 20 - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan (d. 2006)

★ January 23 - Arthur Lewis, British economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)

★ January 24 - Robert Motherwell, American painter (d. 1991)

★ January 29 - John Serry, Sr., American musician, composer, arranger (d. 2003)

★ January 30 - Joachim Peiper, German SS officer (d. 1976)

★ January 30 - John Profumo, British cabinet minister (d. 2006)

★ January 31 - Alan Lomax, American folklorist and musicologist (d. 2002)

★ January 31 - Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d. 1968)

★ February 1 - Artur London, Czech statesman (d. 1986)

★ February 1 - Sir Stanley Matthews, English footballer (d. 2000)

★ February 1 - Alicia Rhett, American actress and painter

★ February 2 - Khushwant Singh, Indian writer

★ February 4 - Sir Norman Wisdom, English comedian, singer, and actor

★ February 5 - Robert Hofstadter, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)

★ February 7 - Teoctist Arăpaşu, Ex-Romanian Orthodox Church Patriarch (d. 2007)

★ February 11 - Patrick Leigh Fermor, British author and soldier

★ February 14 - Ray Evans, American composer (d. 2007)

★ February 16 - Jim O'Hora, American college football coach (d. 2005)

★ February 16 - Elisabeth Eybers, South African poet

★ February 19 - John Freeman, British politician

★ February 23 - Paul Tibbets, American pilot

★ February 26 - Preacher Roe, baseball player

★ February 28 - Zero Mostel, American film and stage actor (d. 1977)

★ February 28 - Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1987)

March-April

★ March 3 -Wally Cassell, American actor

★ March 4 - Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (d. 1997)

★ March 9 - John Edgar "Johnnie" Johnson, English pilot (d. 2001)

★ March 10 - Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (d. 1978)

★ March 11 - Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)

★ March 14 - Alexander Brott, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 2005)

★ March 17 - Bill Roycroft, Australian equestrian

★ March 19 -Patricia Morison, American actress

★ March 20 - Sviatoslav Richter, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1997)

★ March 23 - Vasily Zaitsev, Soviet sniper (d. 1991)

★ March 27 - Robert Lockwood Jr., American musician (d. 2006)

★ March 30

★
★ Arsenio Erico, Paraguayan footballer (d. 1977)

★
★ Pietro Ingrao, Italian politician

★ March 31 - Albert Hourani, English historian (d. 1993)

★ April 3 - Piet de Jong, Prime Minister of the Netherlands

★ April 4 - Muddy Waters, American musician (d. 1983)

★ April 7

★
★ Albert O. Hirschman, German-born economist

★
★ Billie Holiday, American singer (d. 1959)

★ April 8 - Ivan Supek, Croatian physicist, author, and human rights activist

★ April 10 - Harry Morgan, American actor

★ April 12 - Július Tomin, Czech writer

★ April 15 - Elizabeth Catlett, American-born artist

★ April 21 - Anthony Quinn, Mexican actor (d. 2001)

★ April 30 - Elio Toaff, Italian rabbi

May-June

★ May 1

★
★ Krystyna Skarbek, Polish-born heroine of World War II (d. 1952)

★
★ Archie Williams, American athlete (d. 1993)

★ May 2 - Doris Fisher, American singer and songwriter (d. 2003)

★ May 5 - Alice Faye, American entertainer (d. 1998)

★ May 6

★
★ Orson Welles, American film director (d. 1985)

★
★ George Perle, American composer

★ May 8 - Milton Meltzer, American author

★ May 12 - Frère Roger, Swiss founder of the Taizé Community (d. 2005)

★ May 15

★
★ Hilda Bernstein, English-born author, artist, and activist (d. 2006)

★
★ Mario Monicelli, Italian film director

★
★ Paul Samuelson, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate

★ May 20

★
★ Moshe Dayan, Israeli military leader and politician (d. 1981)

★
★ Peter Copley, English actor

★ May 26 - Sam Edwards, American actor (d. 2004)

★ May 27 - Herman Wouk, American author

★ May 29 - Karl Münchinger, German conductor (d. 1990)

★ June 1 - John Randolph, American actor (d. 2004)

★ June 9 - Les Paul, American inventor and musician

★ June 10

★
★ Saul Bellow, Canadian-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)

★
★ Peride Celal, Turkish author

★ June 12 - David Rockefeller, American banker and philanthropist

★ June 15 - Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

★ June 17

★
★ Karl Targownik, Hungarian psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor (d. 1996)

★
★ Mario Echandi Jiménez, President of Costa Rica

★ June 20 - Paul Castellano, American gangster (d. 1985)

★ June 24 - Sir Fred Hoyle, British astronomer (d. 2001)

★ June 26 - Charlotte Zolotow, American author

★ June 27 - Grace Lee Boggs, American feminist and author

★ June 28 - David Honeyboy Edwards, American musician

July-August

★ July 5 - John Woodruff, American athlete

★ July 15 - Albert Ghiorso, American nuclear scientist

★ July 26 - Pattabhi Jois, Indian yogi

★ July 28

★
★ Charles Townes, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

★
★ Frankie Yankovic, American accordion player (d. 1998)

★ August 3

★
★ Pete Newell, Canadian-born basketball coach

★
★ Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician (d. 2006)

★ August 19 - Ring Lardner Jr., American film screenwriter (d. 2000)

★ August 22 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (d. 2000)

★ August 25 - Walter Trampler, American violist (d. 1997)

★ August 27 - Norman F. Ramsey, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

★ August 28

★
★ Tasha Tudor, American illustrator

★
★ Max Robertson, British sports commentator

★ August 29 - Ingrid Bergman, Swedish actress (d. 1982)

★ August 30

★
★ Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland

★
★ Robert Strassburg, American composer (d. 2003)

September-October

★ September 2 - Meinhardt Raabe, American actor

★ September 3 - Knut Nystedt, Norwegian composer

★ September 8 - Frank Cady, American actor

★ September 12 - Frank McGee, American television personality (d. 1974)

★ September 14 - John Dobson, American astronomer

★ September 17

★
★ M F Husain, Indian artist

★
★ Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez, Spanish-born philosopher

★ September 23

★
★ Julius Baker, American flautist (d. 2003)

★
★ Clifford Shull, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)

★ September 30 - Lester Maddox, Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)

★ October 9 - Clifford M. Hardin, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture

★ October 13 - Terry Frost, English artist (d. 2003)

★ October 15

★
★ Nellie Lutcher, American singer

★
★ Yitzhak Shamir Israeli politician

★ October 17 - Arthur Miller, American playwright (d. 2005)

★ October 24

★
★ Bob Kane, American comic book creator (d. 1998)

★
★ Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone (d. 1984)

★ October 28 - Dody Goodman, American actress and dancer

★ October 29 - William Berenberg, American physician (d. 2005)

November-December

★ November 4 - Wee Kim Wee, 4th president of Singapore

★ November 9

★
★ André François, French cartoonist (d. 2005)

★
★ Sargent Shriver, American politician

★ November 11 - William Proxmire, U.S. Senator (d. 2005)

★ November 12 - Roland Barthes, French philosopher and literary critic (d. 1980)

★ November 14 - Martha Tilton, British actress (d. 2006)

★ November 19 - Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)

★ November 25 - Augusto Pinochet, President of Chile (d. 2006)

★ November 28 - Evald Okas, Estonian painter

★ November 30

★
★ Brownie McGhee, American musician (d. 1996)

★
★ Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)

★ December 7 - Eli Wallach, American actor

★ December 8 - Ernest Lehman American screenwriter (d. 2005)

★ December 9 - Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German-born soprano (d. 2006)

★ December 12 - Frank Sinatra, American entertainer (d. 1998)

★ December 13 - Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian writer (d. 1983)

★ December 17 - Robert A. Dahl, American political scientist

★ December 19 - Édith Piaf, French singer (d. 1963)

★ December 22 - Barbara Billingsley, American actress

★ December 27 - Gyula Zsengellér, Hungarian footballer (d. 1999)

Deaths

January - June

★ January 6 - Alexander Scriabin, Russian composer (b. 1872)

★ January 14 - Richard Meux Benson, English founder of an Anglican religious order (b. 1824)

★ January 15 - Mary Slessor, Scottish Christian missionary (b. 1848)

★ February 5 - Ross Barnes, baseball player (b. 1850)

★ March 4 - William Willett, English inventor of daylight saving time (b. 1856)

★ March 9 - François Faber, Luxembourgian cyclist (b. 1887)

★ March 15 - George Llewelyn-Davies, one of the 'Lost Boys' for the Peter Pan book (b. 1893)

★ March 31 - Wyndham Halswelle, Scottish runner (b. 1882)

★ April 16 - Nelson W. Aldrich, U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (b. 1841)

★ April 23

★
★ Rupert Brooke, English poet (b. 1887)

★
★ Frederick Fisher, Canadian VC recipient (killed in battle) (b. 1894)

★ May 24 - Private John Condon, the youngest British soldier to die during the First World War {b. c. 1901)

★ May 26 - Julian Grenfell, poet (killed in battle) (b. 1888)

July - December

★ July 2 - Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (b. 1830)

★ July 16 - Ellen G. White, American prophetess, co-founder of Seventh-Day Adventism (b. 1827)

★ August 20 - Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1854)

★ August 26 - John Bunny American silent film comedian (b. 1863)

★ August 31 - Adolphe Pegoud, aviator (killed in action) (b. 1889)

★ September 9 - Albert Spalding, baseball player and sporting goods manufacturer (b. 1850)

★ September 13 - Andrew L. Harris, American Civil War hero and Governor of Ohio (b. 1835)

★ September 27 - Fergus Bowes-Lyon, brother of Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (killed in battle) (b. 1889)

★ October 12

★
★ Edith Cavell, nurse and war heroine (shot) (b. 1865)

★
★ Charles Sorley, British poet (killed in battle) (b. 1895)

★ October 30 - Charles Tupper, Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1821)

★ November 15 - Booker T. Washington, American educator (b. 1856)

★ November 28 - Mubarak Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1896)

Nobel prizes

★ Chemistry - Richard Willstätter

★ Literature - Romain Rolland

★ Medicine (not awarded)

★ Peace Ben Williams

★ Physics - William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg

Notes

1.
"Calendar in year 1915 (Russia)" (Julian calendar), webpage:
Julian-1915 (Romania used Julian in 1919, when Russia adopted Gregorian).

External links

Table of Contents

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