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(Redirected from 19 October)

Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

Religious observances

References

External links

Events

★ 202 BC - The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal.

★ 439 - The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa.

★ 1216 - King John of England dies at Newark-on-Trent and is succeeded by his nine-year-old son Henry.

★ 1453 - The French recapture of Bordeaux brings the Hundred Years' War to a close, with the English retaining only Calais on French soil.

★ 1466 - The Thirteen Years' War ends with the Second Treaty of Toruń. Gdansk Pomerania and Prussia as a whole are incorporated into Poland; the Teutonic Knights are allowed to rule its eastern part as Polish vassals.

★ 1469 - Ferdinand II of Aragon marries Isabella of Castile, a marriage that paves the way to the unification of Aragon and Castile into a single country, Spain.

★ 1512 - Martin Luther becomes a doctor of theology (''Doctor in Biblia'').

★ 1781 - At Yorktown, Virginia, British commander Lord Cornwallis surrendered to a Franco-American force led by George Washington and the comte de Rochambeau, paving the way for the end of the American Revolutionary War.

★ 1789 - Chief Justice John Jay is sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

★ 1812 - Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow.

★ 1813 - The Battle of Leipzig concludes, giving Napoleon Bonaparte one of his worst defeats.

★ 1822 - In Parnaíba; Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva and Domingos Dias declare the independent state of Piauí.

★ 1864 - Battle of Cedar Creek - Union Army under Philip Sheridan destroys Confederate Army under Jubal Early.

★ 1864 - Confederate raiders launch an attack on Saint Albans, Vermont from Canada.

★ 1873 - Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules.

★ 1904 - Polytechnic University of the Philippines founded as Manila Business School through the superintendence of the American C.A. O'Reilley.

★ 1912 - Italy takes possession of Tripoli, Libya from the Ottoman Empire.

★ 1914 - The First Battle of Ypres begins.

★ 1917 - Love Field in Dallas, Texas is opened.

★ 1921 - Portuguese Prime Minister António Granjo and other politicians are murdered in a Lisbon coup.

★ 1933 - Germany withdraws from the League of Nations.

★ 1935 - The League of Nations places economic sanctions on fascist Italy for its invasion of Ethiopia.

★ 1943 - Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University.

★ 1944 - United States forces land in the Philippines.

★ 1950 - The military of the People's Republic of China takes control of the town of Chamdo in eastern Tibet.

★ 1952 - John Bamford, aged 15, rescues victims of a house fire and becomes the youngest person to have been awarded the George Cross.

★ 1953 - Arthur Godfrey fires Julius LaRosa live on American national TV.

★ 1954 - First ascent of Cho Oyu

★ 1960 - The United States government decides to place an embargo on Communist Cuba.

★ 1969 - The first Prime Minister of Tunisia in twelve years, Bahi Ladgham, is appointed by President Habib Bourguiba.

★ 1973 - President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court demand to turn over the Watergate tapes.

★ 1974 - Niue becomes independent from New Zealand

★ 1976 - Battle of Aishiya in Lebanon.

★ 1982 - John De Lorean is arrested for trafficking in cocaine (later acquitted).

★ 1983 - Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada, is overthrown and executed in a military coup d'état led by Bernard Coard.

★ 1985 - The first Blockbuster Video store opens in Dallas, Texas.

★ 1986 - Samora Machel, President of Mozambique and a prominent leader of FRELIMO, and 33 others died when their Tupolev 134 plane crashed into the Lebombo Mountains.

★ 1987 - In retaliation for Iranian attacks on ships in the Persian Gulf, the U.S. Navy disables three of Iran's offshore oil platforms.

★ 1987 - (Black Monday) Dow Jones Industrial Average falls by 22%.

★ 1989 - Guildford Four convictions are quashed by the Court of Appeal - they had spent 15 years in prison through a miscarriage of justice.

★ 1991 - 7.0 Richter Scale earthquake in Northern Italy - 2000 dead

★ 1998 - The Earth Liberation Front sets fire to the Vail Mountain ski resort in Vail, Colorado, causing $12 million in damage.

★ 2001 - SIEV-X, an Indonesian fishing boat en-route to Christmas Island, carrying over 400 asylum seekers, sank in international waters with the loss of 353 people.

★ 2003 - Mother Teresa is beatified by Pope John Paul II.

★ 2004 - Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the Thai government on charges of corruption.

★ 2005 - Saddam Hussein goes on trial in Baghdad for crimes against humanity.

★ 2005 - Hurricane Wilma becomes the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record with a minimum pressure of 882 mb.

★ 2005 - The last Major League Baseball game is played at Busch Memorial Stadium.

★ 2006 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the 12,000 mark for the first time.

Births

★ 1276 - Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (d. 1328)

★ 1433 - Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (d. 1499)

★ 1562 - Archbishop George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1633)

★ 1582 - Dmitry Ivanovich, Tsarevich (d. 1591)

★ 1605 - Thomas Browne, English writer (d. 1682)

★ 1610 - James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, English statesman and soldier (d. 1688)

★ 1658 - Adolf Friedrich II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1704)

★ 1680 - John Abernethy, Irish Protestant minister (d. 1740)

★ 1688 - William Cheselden, English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1752)

★ 1718 - Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, Marshal of France (d. 1804)

★ 1720 - John Woolman, American Quaker preacher and abolitionist (d. 1772)

★ 1721 - Joseph de Guignes, French orientalist (d. 1800)

★ 1784 - John McLoughlin, Canadian fur trader (d. 1857)

★ 1810 - Cassius Marcellus Clay, American abolitionist (d. 1903)

★ 1837 - Jaap Eden, Dutch skater and cyclist (d. 1925)

★ 1851 - Empress Myeongseong, Empress of Korea (d. 1895)

★ 1858 - George Albert Boulenger, Belgian naturalist (d. 1937)

★ 1862 - Auguste Lumière, French inventor (d. 1954)

★ 1873 - John Barton King, American cricketer (d. 1965)

★ 1876 - Mordecai Brown, baseball player (d. 1945)

★ 1885 - Charles Merrill, American investment banker (d. 1956)

★ 1895 - Lewis Mumford, American historian (d. 1990)

★ 1895 - Frank Durbin Last U.S veteran of the Battle of Verdun (d.1999)

★ 1896 - Bob O'Farrell, baseball player (d. 1988)

★ 1897 - Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani scientist and scholar (d. 1994)

★ 1899 - Miguel Ángel Asturias, Guatemalan writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)

★ 1900 - Bill Ponsford, Australian cricketer (d. 1991)

★ 1900 - Roy Worters, Canadian ice hockey goaltender (d. 1957)

★ 1901 - Arleigh Burke, Naval commander (d. 1996)

★ 1907 - Roger Wolfe Kahn, American bandleader (d. 1962)

★ 1908 - Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian composer (d. 1981)

★ 1909 - Cozy Cole, American jazz drummer (d. 1981)

★ 1910 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)

★ 1910 - Paul Robert, French lexicographer and publisher (d. 1980)

★ 1913 - Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and songwriter (d. 1980)

★ 1916 - Jean Dausset, French immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

★ 1916 - Emil Gilels, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1985)

★ 1920 - Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian philosopher (d. 2003)

★ 1922 - Jack Anderson, American journalist (d. 2005)

★ 1926 - Joel Feinberg, American moral philosopher (d. 2004)

★ 1926 - Arne Bendiksen, Norwegian singer and songwriter

★ 1931 - John le Carré, English novelist

★ 1932 - Robert Reed, American actor (d. 1992)

★ 1937 - Peter Max, American artist

★ 1937 - Marilyn Bell, Canadian long distance swimmer

★ 1940 - Michael Gambon, Irish actor

★ 1941 - Simon Ward, British actor

★ 1942 - Andrew Vachss, American author and attorney

★ 1943 - Robin Holloway, British composer

★ 1943 - Takis Ikonomopoulos, Greek footballer

★ 1944 - Peter Tosh, Jamaican musician, political activist (d. 1987)

★ 1944 - George McCrae, American soul singer

★ 1945 - Divine, American actor (d. 1988)

★ 1945 - Patricia Ireland, President of the NOW

★ 1945 - John Lithgow, American actor

★ 1945 - Jeannie C. Riley American country and gospel singer

★ 1946 - Philip Pullman, English writer

★ 1947 - Giorgio Cavazzano, comics artist and illustrator

★ 1948 - Patrick Simmons, American musician (The Doobie Brothers)

★ 1949 - Jamie McGrigor, British politician

★ 1951 - Demetrios Christodoulou, Greek mathematical physicist, recipient of the Bôcher Memorial Prize

★ 1952 - Verónica Castro, Mexican actress and singer

★ 1954 - Sam Allardyce, English football manager

★ 1954 - Deborah Blum, American writer

★ 1956 - Carlo Urbani, Italian physician (d. 1993)

★ 1956 - Sunny Deol, Indian actor

★ 1956 - Didier Theys, Belgian racing driver

★ 1957 - Ray Richmond, entertainment/media columnist

★ 1958 - Tiriel Mora, Australian actor

★ 1960 - Jonathan FeBland, English musician, writer and artist

★ 1962 - Tracy Chevalier, American author

★ 1962 - Evander Holyfield, American boxer

★ 1963 - Prince Laurent of Belgium

★ 1964 - Jorge Luis Gonzales, Cuban-born American boxer

★ 1965 - Ty Pennington, American television carpenter

★ 1966 - Jon Favreau, American actor, writer and director

★ 1967 - Yoko Shimomura, Japanese composer

★ 1969 - Trey Parker, American cartoonist, comedian, writer, and actor

★ 1970 - Chris Kattan, American comedian and actor

★ 1972 - Pras, American musician

★ 1972 - Keith Foulke, American baseball pitcher

★ 1973 - Joaquin Gage, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1974 - Kevin Sullivan, American Automation Engineer

★ 1976 - Michael Young, baseball player

★ 1976 - Dan Smith, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1976 - Desmond Harrington, American actor

★ 1977 - Louis-José Houde, Québec stand-up comic

★ 1978 - Enrique Bernoldi, Brazilian Formula One driver

★ 1978 - Zakhar Dubenskiy, Russian footballer

★ 1980 - Benjamin Salisbury, American actor

★ 1981 - Heikki Kovalainen, Finnish Formula One driver

★ 1990 - Janet Leon, Swedish singer (Play)

Deaths

★ 727 - Saint Frideswide

★ 1187 - Pope Urban III

★ 1216 - King John

★ 1432 - John de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1392)

★ 1587 - Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1541)

★ 1608 - Martin Delrio, Flemish theologian and occultist (b. 1551)

★ 1636 - Marcin Kazanowski, Polish politician

★ 1682 - Thomas Browne, English writer (b. 1605)

★ 1723 - Godfrey Kneller, German-born painter (b. 1646)

★ 1745 - Jonathan Swift, Irish author (b. 1667)

★ 1790 - Lyman Hall, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1724)

★ 1813 - Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763)

★ 1842 - Aleksey Koltsov, Russian poet (b. 1808)

★ 1851 - Marie Thérèse Charlotte (b. 1778)

★ 1889 - King Louis of Portugal (b. 1838)

★ 1897 - George Pullman, American inventor and industrialist (b. 1831)

★ 1901 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (b. 1829)

★ 1918 - Harold Lockwood, American actor (b. 1887)

★ 1936 - Lu Xun, Chinese writer (b. 1881)

★ 1937 - Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, New Zealand physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1871)

★ 1943 - Camille Claudel, French sculptor (b. 1864)

★ 1950 - Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet (b. 1892)

★ 1956 - Isham Jones, American musician (b. 1894)

★ 1960 - George Wallace, Australian vaudevillian and film comedian (b. 1895)

★ 1973 - Walt Kelly, American cartoonist (b. 1913)

★ 1983 - Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (b. 1944)

★ 1985 - Alfred Rouleau, French Canadian businessman (b. 1915)

★ 1986 - Dele Giwa, Nigerian journalist

★ 1986 - Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (b. 1933)

★ 1987 - Jacqueline Du Pré, English cellist (b. 1945)

★ 1987 - Hermann Lang, German race car driver (b. 1909)

★ 1988 - Son House, American musician (b. 1902)

★ 1992 - Arthur Wint, Jamaican runner (b. 1920)

★ 1994 - Martha Raye, American comedian and actress (b. 1916)

★ 1995 - Don Cherry, American jazz trumpet player (b. 1936)

★ 1997 - Glen Buxton, American guitarist (b. 1947)

★ 1999 - Nathalie Sarraute, Russian-born French writer (b. 1900)

★ 1999 - James C. Murray, American politician (b. 1917)

★ 2003 - Alija Izetbegović, President of Bosnia-Herzegovina (b. 1925)

★ 2003 - Margaret Murie, American conservationist (b. 1902)

★ 2003 - Michael Hegstrand, American professional wrestler (b. 1957)

★ 2004 - Kenneth E. Iverson, Canadian computer scientist (b. 1920)

★ 2005 - Dallas Cook, American musician (Suburban Legends) (b. 1982)

★ 2006 - James Glennon, American cinematographer (b. 1942)

Holidays and observances

★ Roman festivals - Armilustrium in honor of Mars

★ Roman Catholic Saints - Saints Jean de Brébeuf, Isaac Jogues, and Companions; Saint Frideswide

★ Also see October 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

★ Albania - Mother Teresa Day.

★ Brazil - Independence Day of State of Piauí

★ Niue - Constitution Day in honour of the country's independence (self-governing in free association with New Zealand) in 1974.

★ French Republican Calendar - Tomate (Tomato) Day, twenty-eighth day in the Month of Vendémiaire

Religious observances

★ Aaron, a saint of the Coptic Church^[1]

References

1.
★ Holweck, F. G. ''A Biographical Dictionary of the Saint''. St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co. 1924.

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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