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:''This article is about the number 23. For the year, see 23. For the movie, see 23 (film). For other uses, see 23 (disambiguation)''
'23' ('twenty-three') is the natural number following 22 and preceding 24.
Twenty-three is the ninth prime number, the smallest odd prime which is not a twin prime. Twenty-three is also the fifth factorial prime, the second Woodall prime, and the second Smarandache-Wellin prime. It is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and real part of the form .
The fifth Sophie Germain prime and the fourth safe prime, 23 is the next to last member of the first Cunningham chain of the first kind to have five terms (2, 5, 11, 23, 47). Since 14! + 1 is a multiple of 23 but 23 is not one more than a multiple 14, 23 is a Pillai prime. 23 is the smallest odd prime to be a highly cototient number, as the solution to ''x'' - φ(''x'') for the integers 95, 119, 143, 529.
In the list of Fortunate numbers, 23 occurs twice, since adding 23 to either the fifth or eighth primorial gives a prime number (namely 2333 and 9699713).
23 also has the distinction of being one of two integers that cannot be expressed as the sum of fewer than 9 cubes of integers (the other is 239). See Waring's problem.
23 is a Wedderburn-Etherington number and the sixth happy number. The codewords in the perfect (non-extended) binary Golay code are of size 23.
23 is the first prime for which unique factorization of cyclotomic integers based on the 'th root of unity breaks down.
According to the birthday paradox, in a group of 23 (or more) randomly chosen people, the probability is more than 50% that some pair of them will have the same birthday.
There were 23 problems on David Hilbert's famous list of unsolved mathematical problems, presented to the International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris in 1900.
23! is 23 digits long in base 10. There are only three other numbers that have this property: 1, 22, and 24.
★ There are 23 letters in the Latin alphabet
★ W = 23rd letter of the alphabet. Its symbol is 2 points down, 3 up.
★ The European Union has 23 official languages.
★ The atomic number of vanadium and the approximate atomic mass (in u) of sodium.
★ Human sex cells have 23 chromosomes. Other human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
★ Avogadro's number used in chemistry is 6.0221367×1023.
★ 63 years, the average lifespan of a human being on the planet Earth, is roughly 23,000 days
23 is the TCP/IP port used for telnet and is the default for the telnet command
★ The planet Earth has an Axial tilt of 23.5 degrees
★ 23 degrees Celsius is "room temperature" on Earth.
★ In ancient Israel every city had a local Sanhedrin each which had 23 judges
★ Psalm 23 (Psalm is the 23rd book in the bible), also known as the Shepherd Psalm, is possibly the most quoted and best known psalm.
★ In the religion of Discordianism, 23 is considered a holy number.
★ In Islam, the Qur'an was revealed in a total of 23 years to Muhammad.[1][2]
★ France has 23 archbishops; the current Archbishop of Paris is André Vingt-Trois (Andrew Twenty-Three)
★ In Abhidharma, the number of anomalous generic types (of a possible 72) - e.g., events are considered ''sui generis'' because they are not reducible to either mind or matter - is 23.
★ The sacred number (along with 5) of Eris, goddess of discord, according to the ''Principia Discordia''.
Main articles: 23 (numerology)
★ Like 13, 23 is sometimes considered unlucky or otherwise significant (as in the occult writings of Aleister Crowley and William S. Burroughs).
★ Robert Anton Wilson's trilogy, ''The Illuminatus! Trilogy'', list 23 as a cosmic number with strong connections to arcane magic and synchronicity.
★ The squad number (or jersey number) of various athletes:
★
★ Michael Jordan wore number 23, with the exception of a short period of time, when he played professional basketball with the Chicago Bulls and, later, the Washington Wizards. Many athletes wear the number 23 as a tribute to Jordan. Three examples are Lebron James[3], Jason Richardson and David Beckham[4] whilst playing at Real Madrid and Los Angeles Galaxy.
★
★ Don Mattingly who played for the New York Yankees from 1982 to 1995 started wearing number 23 in April 1984, months before Michael Jordan wore it for the Bulls. The Yankees retired Mattingly's number in August 31, 1997.
★
★ Ryne Sandberg's number when he played for the Chicago Cubs baseball team. It was retired on August 28, 2005.
★
★ Manchester City F.C. have not assigned the squad number 23 to any player since 2003. This is due to the fact that Marc-Vivien Foé, the player who collapsed and died while playing for Cameroon on June 26 2003, had held this squad number at Manchester City.
★
★ Jamie Carragher, Liverpool FC footballer, also wears number 23
★
★ Devin Hester, the first player in history to return the opening kickoff of the Super Bowl for a touchdown, wears the number 23
★
★ Andrew McLeod, Australian Rules footballer who plays for the Adelaide Crows. Chose the number in honor of his favorite basketballer, Michael Jordan.
★ 23 is the name of the latest album by Blonde Redhead, released in 2007.
★ The Posies' second studio album, "Dear 23".
★ Assemblage 23, an EBM act
Several songs use "twenty three" as their titles, including:
★ Tristan Prettyman's debut album.
★ The eighth song on Yellowcard's album Ocean Avenue is titled "Twenty Three."
★ The eleventh song from Tool's fourth full-length studio album "10,000 Days". The song's title is actually "Viginti Tres," which is Latin for twenty three.
★ The seventh album by Blonde Redhead, released in the United States by 4AD Records on April 10, 2007. Also the first song and single off the album.
★ The fourth song from Shpongle's second album, "Tales of the Inexpressible" is often called "Room 23," but the character following the two is actually Om, the sacred Hindu syllable.
★ The twelfth song from Project 86's album, "Drawing Black Lines," is titled "Twenty-Three."
★ The first song from the bonus disc on the limited edition version of 's album, "Die Wunderwelt der Technik," is titled "23... (C=64)."
★ The last song on the Jimmy Eat World album "Futures" is called "23"
★ The second song on the Four Tet album ''Pause'' is called "Twenty Three".
★ On God Lives Underwater's breakthrough album, Empty, the 7th song on the record is titled "23". David Reilly, the late singer/songwriter for that band was known to have a deep-seated interest in the number 23.
★ 65 Days of Static have a song called 23Kid on there album One Time For all.
★ ''23'' is a German movie about Karl Koch
★ ''The Number 23'' is a 2007 film starring Jim Carrey.
★ 23 is the number of people (16 females, 7 males) that Neo would have had to select in order to re-found Zion in ''The Matrix Trilogy''. [5]
★ 23 is often used in artist Jamie Hewlett's work. A brief chapter is dedicated to the number in Gorillaz book ''Rise of the Ogre''.
★ Network 23 is the futuristic television network who employs Edison Carter and who is responsible for the creation of Max Headroom in the show of the same name. It is the top-rated global network, according to the show.
★ 23 is the fifth of the mystical numbers--4, 8, 15, 16, 23, and 42--in ''Lost''.
★ AA 23 was the detention block princess Leia (Carrie Fisher) is kept in, in ''.
★ A character in says "23 is number 1."
★ In the movie ''Final Destination 2'', Route 23 is the road the original accident occurred, causing all the characters to die.
★ In the 1988 music video Doctorin' the Tardis by The Timelords, there is a police car with the number 23 painted on the top.
★ In a 2007 Dr Pepper commercial, the number 23 is repeated over and over thus introducing a new version with 23 ingredients
1. ''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths,'' Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338, I.B. Tauris Publishers,
2. Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106
3. nba.com, LeBron James: Player Info Page, accessed April 27, 2007.
4. The number 23
5. http://www.internationalhero.co.uk/n/neo.htm, accessed 31st March 2007
★ Article in the British newspaper ''The Mirror'' regarding the power of the number 23
★ The Number 23
★ A Portal for 23 Knowledge and Culture
| 23 | 20 | 3 |
|---|
'23' ('twenty-three') is the natural number following 22 and preceding 24.
| Cardinal | 23 twenty-three |
| Ordinal | 23rd twenty-third |
| Factorization | ''prime'' |
| Divisors | 1, 23 |
| Roman numeral | XXIII |
| Binary | 10111 |
| Octal | 27 |
| Hexadecimal | 17 |
| Contents |
| In mathematics |
| In language |
| In science |
| In technology |
| In astronomy |
| In religion |
| In numerology |
| In sports |
| In music |
| Song titles |
| In visual media |
| References |
| External links |
In mathematics
Twenty-three is the ninth prime number, the smallest odd prime which is not a twin prime. Twenty-three is also the fifth factorial prime, the second Woodall prime, and the second Smarandache-Wellin prime. It is an Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and real part of the form .
The fifth Sophie Germain prime and the fourth safe prime, 23 is the next to last member of the first Cunningham chain of the first kind to have five terms (2, 5, 11, 23, 47). Since 14! + 1 is a multiple of 23 but 23 is not one more than a multiple 14, 23 is a Pillai prime. 23 is the smallest odd prime to be a highly cototient number, as the solution to ''x'' - φ(''x'') for the integers 95, 119, 143, 529.
In the list of Fortunate numbers, 23 occurs twice, since adding 23 to either the fifth or eighth primorial gives a prime number (namely 2333 and 9699713).
23 also has the distinction of being one of two integers that cannot be expressed as the sum of fewer than 9 cubes of integers (the other is 239). See Waring's problem.
23 is a Wedderburn-Etherington number and the sixth happy number. The codewords in the perfect (non-extended) binary Golay code are of size 23.
23 is the first prime for which unique factorization of cyclotomic integers based on the 'th root of unity breaks down.
According to the birthday paradox, in a group of 23 (or more) randomly chosen people, the probability is more than 50% that some pair of them will have the same birthday.
There were 23 problems on David Hilbert's famous list of unsolved mathematical problems, presented to the International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris in 1900.
23! is 23 digits long in base 10. There are only three other numbers that have this property: 1, 22, and 24.
In language
★ There are 23 letters in the Latin alphabet
★ W = 23rd letter of the alphabet. Its symbol is 2 points down, 3 up.
★ The European Union has 23 official languages.
In science
★ The atomic number of vanadium and the approximate atomic mass (in u) of sodium.
★ Human sex cells have 23 chromosomes. Other human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
★ Avogadro's number used in chemistry is 6.0221367×1023.
★ 63 years, the average lifespan of a human being on the planet Earth, is roughly 23,000 days
In technology
23 is the TCP/IP port used for telnet and is the default for the telnet command
In astronomy
★ The planet Earth has an Axial tilt of 23.5 degrees
★ 23 degrees Celsius is "room temperature" on Earth.
In religion
★ In ancient Israel every city had a local Sanhedrin each which had 23 judges
★ Psalm 23 (Psalm is the 23rd book in the bible), also known as the Shepherd Psalm, is possibly the most quoted and best known psalm.
★ In the religion of Discordianism, 23 is considered a holy number.
★ In Islam, the Qur'an was revealed in a total of 23 years to Muhammad.[1][2]
★ France has 23 archbishops; the current Archbishop of Paris is André Vingt-Trois (Andrew Twenty-Three)
★ In Abhidharma, the number of anomalous generic types (of a possible 72) - e.g., events are considered ''sui generis'' because they are not reducible to either mind or matter - is 23.
★ The sacred number (along with 5) of Eris, goddess of discord, according to the ''Principia Discordia''.
In numerology
Main articles: 23 (numerology)
★ Like 13, 23 is sometimes considered unlucky or otherwise significant (as in the occult writings of Aleister Crowley and William S. Burroughs).
★ Robert Anton Wilson's trilogy, ''The Illuminatus! Trilogy'', list 23 as a cosmic number with strong connections to arcane magic and synchronicity.
In sports
★ The squad number (or jersey number) of various athletes:
Michael Jordan, a basketball player for the NBA, wore the number 23 on his jersey.
★
★ Michael Jordan wore number 23, with the exception of a short period of time, when he played professional basketball with the Chicago Bulls and, later, the Washington Wizards. Many athletes wear the number 23 as a tribute to Jordan. Three examples are Lebron James[3], Jason Richardson and David Beckham[4] whilst playing at Real Madrid and Los Angeles Galaxy.
★
★ Don Mattingly who played for the New York Yankees from 1982 to 1995 started wearing number 23 in April 1984, months before Michael Jordan wore it for the Bulls. The Yankees retired Mattingly's number in August 31, 1997.
★
★ Ryne Sandberg's number when he played for the Chicago Cubs baseball team. It was retired on August 28, 2005.
★
★ Manchester City F.C. have not assigned the squad number 23 to any player since 2003. This is due to the fact that Marc-Vivien Foé, the player who collapsed and died while playing for Cameroon on June 26 2003, had held this squad number at Manchester City.
★
★ Jamie Carragher, Liverpool FC footballer, also wears number 23
★
★ Devin Hester, the first player in history to return the opening kickoff of the Super Bowl for a touchdown, wears the number 23
★
★ Andrew McLeod, Australian Rules footballer who plays for the Adelaide Crows. Chose the number in honor of his favorite basketballer, Michael Jordan.
In music
★ 23 is the name of the latest album by Blonde Redhead, released in 2007.
★ The Posies' second studio album, "Dear 23".
★ Assemblage 23, an EBM act
Song titles
Several songs use "twenty three" as their titles, including:
★ Tristan Prettyman's debut album.
★ The eighth song on Yellowcard's album Ocean Avenue is titled "Twenty Three."
★ The eleventh song from Tool's fourth full-length studio album "10,000 Days". The song's title is actually "Viginti Tres," which is Latin for twenty three.
★ The seventh album by Blonde Redhead, released in the United States by 4AD Records on April 10, 2007. Also the first song and single off the album.
★ The fourth song from Shpongle's second album, "Tales of the Inexpressible" is often called "Room 23," but the character following the two is actually Om, the sacred Hindu syllable.
★ The twelfth song from Project 86's album, "Drawing Black Lines," is titled "Twenty-Three."
★ The first song from the bonus disc on the limited edition version of 's album, "Die Wunderwelt der Technik," is titled "23... (C=64)."
★ The last song on the Jimmy Eat World album "Futures" is called "23"
★ The second song on the Four Tet album ''Pause'' is called "Twenty Three".
★ On God Lives Underwater's breakthrough album, Empty, the 7th song on the record is titled "23". David Reilly, the late singer/songwriter for that band was known to have a deep-seated interest in the number 23.
★ 65 Days of Static have a song called 23Kid on there album One Time For all.
In visual media
★ ''23'' is a German movie about Karl Koch
★ ''The Number 23'' is a 2007 film starring Jim Carrey.
★ 23 is the number of people (16 females, 7 males) that Neo would have had to select in order to re-found Zion in ''The Matrix Trilogy''. [5]
★ 23 is often used in artist Jamie Hewlett's work. A brief chapter is dedicated to the number in Gorillaz book ''Rise of the Ogre''.
★ Network 23 is the futuristic television network who employs Edison Carter and who is responsible for the creation of Max Headroom in the show of the same name. It is the top-rated global network, according to the show.
★ 23 is the fifth of the mystical numbers--4, 8, 15, 16, 23, and 42--in ''Lost''.
★ AA 23 was the detention block princess Leia (Carrie Fisher) is kept in, in ''.
★ A character in says "23 is number 1."
★ In the movie ''Final Destination 2'', Route 23 is the road the original accident occurred, causing all the characters to die.
★ In the 1988 music video Doctorin' the Tardis by The Timelords, there is a police car with the number 23 painted on the top.
★ In a 2007 Dr Pepper commercial, the number 23 is repeated over and over thus introducing a new version with 23 ingredients
References
1. ''Living Religions: An Encyclopaedia of the World's Faiths,'' Mary Pat Fisher, 1997, page 338, I.B. Tauris Publishers,
2. Qur'an, Chapter 17, Verse 106
3. nba.com, LeBron James: Player Info Page, accessed April 27, 2007.
4. The number 23
5. http://www.internationalhero.co.uk/n/neo.htm, accessed 31st March 2007
External links
★ Article in the British newspaper ''The Mirror'' regarding the power of the number 23
★ The Number 23
★ A Portal for 23 Knowledge and Culture
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