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Español38TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS
United States Capitol (1869)
The 'Thirty-eighth United States Congress' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1863 to March 3 1865, during the last two years of the first administration of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
| Contents |
| Dates of sessions |
| Party summary |
| Leadership |
| Party Leadership |
| Major events |
| Major legislation |
| Members |
| Senate |
| House of Representatives |
| Delegates |
| Changes in membership |
| Officers |
| Notes |
| References |
| External links |
Dates of sessions
March 4 1863 - March 3 1865
★ Special session of the Senate: March 4 1863 – March 14 1863
★ First session: December 7 1863 - July 4 1864
★ Second session: December 5 1864 - March 3 1865 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 37th Congress
Next congress: 39th Congress
Party summary
West Virginia and Nevada were newly admitted to the Union and first represented as states in this Congress.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
| :'Senate' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 10 ★ Republican ''(R)'': 33 ''(majority)'' ★ Unconditional Unionist ''(U)'': 5 ★ Unionist ''(U)'': 4'TOTAL members: 52' | :'House of Representatives' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 72 ★ Republican ''(R)'': 85 ''(majority)'' ★ Unionist ''(UU)'': 9 ★ Unconditional Unionist ''(UU)'': 16 ★ Independent Republican ''(IR)'': 2'TOTAL members: 184' |
Leadership
:'Senate'
★ Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
★
★ Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine
★ President pro tempore of the Senate:
★
★ Solomon Foot, ''Republican'' of Vermont, first elected in this Congress March 4 1863.
★
★ Daniel Clark ''Republican'' of New Hampshire, first elected April 26 1864.
:'House of Representatives'
★ Speaker of the House
★
★ Schuyler Colfax, ''Republican'' of Indiana, elected December 7 1863.
Party Leadership
:'Senate'
★ Republican Conference Chairman:
★
★ Henry B. Anthony, ''Republican'' of Rhode Island
:'House of Representatives'
★ Republican Conference Chairman:
★
★ Justin S. Morrill of Vermont.
Major events
:''Main article: Events of 1863; Events of 1864; Events of 1865''
Major legislation
:''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 38th Congress
★ May 26 1864 Montana Territory was organized.
★ June 19 1863 West Virginia was admitted as a state into the Union. It was formed from a portion of Virginia.
★ October 31 1864 Nevada was admitted as a state into the Union.
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
:''See also: 38th United States Congress - political parties''
:''See also: 38th United States Congress - State Delegations''
:''See also: United States House elections, 1862''
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.
:''See also:
:''See also:
| :'Alabama' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Arkansas' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'California' ★ 3: James A. McDougall ''(D)'' ★ 1: John Conness ''(R)'' :'Connecticut' ★ 3: La Fayette S. Foster ''(R)'' ★ 1: James Dixon ''(R)'' :'Delaware' ★ 1: James A. Bayard, Jr. ''(D)'' ★ : George Read Riddle ''(D)'' ★ 2: Willard Saulsbury, Sr. ''(D)'' :'Florida' ★ 1: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Georgia' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Illinois' ★ 3: Lyman Trumbull ''(R)'' ★ 2: William A. Richardson ''(D)'' :'Indiana' ★ 3: Henry S. Lane ''(R)'' ★ 1: Thomas A. Hendricks ''(D)'' :'Iowa' ★ 3: James Harlan ''(R)'' ★ 2: James W. Grimes ''(R)'' :'Kansas' ★ 3: Samuel C. Pomeroy ''(R)'' ★ 2: James H. Lane ''(R)'' :'Kentucky' ★ 2: Lazarus W. Powell ''(D)'' ★ 3: Garrett Davis ''(U)'' | :'Louisiana' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Maine' ★ 2: William Pitt Fessenden ''(R)'' ★ : Nathan A. Farwell ''(R)'' ★ 1: Lot M. Morrill ''(R)'' :'Maryland' ★ 3: Thomas H. Hicks ''(UU)'' ★ 1: Reverdy Johnson ''(U)'' :'Massachusetts' ★ 1: Charles Sumner ''(R)'' ★ 2: Henry Wilson ''(R)'' :'Michigan' ★ 1: Zachariah Chandler ''(R)'' ★ 2: Jacob M. Howard ''(R)'' :'Minnesota' ★ 2: Morton S. Wilkinson ''(R)'' ★ 1: Alexander Ramsey ''(R)'' :'Mississippi' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'Missouri' ★ 1: John B. Henderson ''(UU)'' ★ 3: Robert Wilson ''(UU)'' ★ : B. Gratz Brown ''(UU)'' :'Nevada' ★ 1: William M. Stewart ''(R)'' ★ 3: James W. Nye ''(R)'' :'New Hampshire' ★ 2: John P. Hale ''(R)'' ★ 3: Daniel Clark ''(R)'' :'New Jersey' ★ 2: John C. Ten Eyck ''(R)'' ★ 1: William Wright ''(D)'' :'New York' ★ 3: Ira Harris ''(R)'' ★ 1: Edwin D. Morgan ''(R)'' | :'North Carolina' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Ohio' ★ 1: Benjamin F. Wade ''(R)'' ★ 3: John Sherman ''(R)'' :'Oregon' ★ 3: James W. Nesmith ''(D)'' ★ 2: Benjamin F. Harding ''(D)'' :'Pennsylvania' ★ 3: Edgar Cowan ''(R)'' ★ 1: Charles R. Buckalew ''(D)'' :'Rhode Island' ★ 2: Henry B. Anthony ''(R)'' ★ 1: William Sprague ''(R)'' :'South Carolina' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Tennessee' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'Texas' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'Vermont' ★ 1: Solomon Foot ''(R)'' ★ 3: Jacob Collamer ''(R)'' :'Virginia' ★ 2: John S. Carlile ''(U)'' ★ 1: Lemuel J. Bowden ''(U)'' :'West Virginia' ★ 1: Peter G. Van Winkle ''(UU)'' ★ 2: Waitman T. Willey ''(UU)'' :'Wisconsin' ★ 1: James R. Doolittle ''(R)'' ★ 3: Timothy O. Howe ''(R)'' |  President ''pro tempore'' Solomon Foot  President ''pro tempore'' Daniel Clark |
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise ''at-large,'' are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
:''See also:
:''See also:
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| :'Senate' ★ replacements: 2 ★ ★ Democratic: no net change ★ ★ Republican: no net change ★ deaths: 1 ★ resignations: 2 ★ interim appointments: 1 ★ seats of newly admitted seats: 4 ★ 'Total seats with changes: 4' | :'House of Representatives' ★ replacements: 6 ★ ★ Democratic: no net change ★ ★ Republican: no net change ★ ★ Unconditional Unionist: no net change ★ deaths: 3 ★ resignations: 3 ★ contested election: 1 ★ seats of newly admitted seats: 4 ★ 'Total seats with changes: 7' |
Officers
| :'Senate' ★ Secretary of the Senate: ★ ★ John W. Forney of Pennsylvania elected July 15 1861 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: ★ ★ George T. Brown of Illinois, elected July 6 1861 ★ Chaplain of the Senate ★ ★ The Rev. Byron Sunderland, ''Presbyterian'', elected July 10 1861 ★ ★ The Rev. Thomas Bowman, ''Methodist'', elected May 11 1864:'Other' ★ Architect of the Capitol: ★ ★ Thomas U. Walter, appointed June 11 1851 | :'House of Representatives' ★ Clerk of the House: ★ ★ Edward McPherson of Pennsylvania, elected December 8 1863 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the House: ★ ★ Nehemiah G. Ordway of New Hampshire, elected December 8 1863 ★ Doorkeeper of the House: ★ ★ Ira Goodnow of New York, elected December 8 1863 ★ Postmaster of the House: ★ ★ William S. King of Minnesota, elected December 8 1863 ★ Messenger to the Speaker: ★ ★ Thaddeus Morrice ★ ★ William D. Todd ★ Chaplain of the House ★ ★ The Rev. William H. Channing, ''Unitarian'', elected December 7 1863 |
Notes
1. All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
References
★ The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989,
★ The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1982,
External links
★ Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
★ Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
★ House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
★ Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
★ U.S. House of Representatives: House History
★ U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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