40TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS

The 'Fortieth United States Congress' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1867 to March 3 1869, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Andrew Johnson.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Contents

Dates of sessions

Party summary

Leadership

Major events

Major legislation

Members

Senate

House of Representatives

Delegates

Changes in membership

Officers

References

External links

Dates of sessions

March 4 1867 - March 3 1869

★ Special session of the Senate: April 1 1867 – April 20 1867

★ First session: March 4 1867 – December 1 1867

★ Second session: December 2 1867 - November 10 1868

★ Third session: December 7 1868 - March 3 1869 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 39th Congress

Next congress: 41st Congress

Party summary

Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and South Carolina were readmitted to representation in this Congress.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

:'Senate' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 9 ★ Republican ''(R)'': 57 ''(majority)'' ★ vacant: 2'TOTAL members: 68'

:'House of Representatives' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 47 ★ Republican ''(R)'': 173 ''(majority)'' ★ Conservative Republican ''(CR)'': 1 ★ Independent Republican ''(IR)'': 1 ★ Conservative ''(C)'': 2 ★ vacant: 2'TOTAL members: 226'

Leadership

:'Senate'

★ Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):

★
★ vacant

★ President pro tempore of the Senate:

★
★ Benjamin F. Wade, ''Republican'' of Ohio, elected March 4, 1867.
:'House of Representatives'

★ Speaker of the House

★
★ Schuyler Colfax, ''Republican'' of Indiana, reelected March 4 1867.

★
★ Theodore M. Pomeroy, ''Republican'' of New York, elected March 3 1869.

Major events

:''Main article: Events of 1867; Events of 1868; Events of 1869''

Major legislation

:''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 40th Congress

★ July 25 1868 Wyoming Territory was organized.

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
:''See also: 40th United States Congress - political parties''
:''See also: 40th United States Congress - State Delegations''
:''See also: United States House elections, 1866''

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1872.
:''See also:
:''See also:

:'Alabama' ★ 3: George E. Spencer ''(R)'' ★ 2: Willard Warner ''(R)'' :'Arkansas' ★ 2: Alexander McDonald ''(R)'' ★ 3: Benjamin F. Rice ''(R)'' :'California' ★ 1: John Conness ''(R)'' ★ 3: Cornelius Cole ''(R)'' :'Connecticut' ★ 1: James Dixon ''(R)'' ★ 3: Orris S. Ferry ''(R)'' :'Delaware' ★ 1: George Read Riddle ''(D)'' ★ : James A. Bayard, Jr. ''(D)'' ★ 2: Willard Saulsbury, Sr. ''(D)'' :'Florida' ★ 3: Thomas W. Osborn ''(R)'' ★ 1: Adonijah S. Welch ''(R)'' :'Georgia' ★ 2: vacant ★ 3: vacant :'Illinois' ★ 3: Lyman Trumbull ''(R)'' ★ 2: Richard Yates ''(R)'' :'Indiana' ★ 1: Thomas A. Hendricks ''(D)'' ★ 3: Oliver H. P. T. Morton ''(R)'' :'Iowa' ★ 2: James W. Grimes ''(R)'' ★ 3: James Harlan ''(R)'' :'Kansas' ★ 3: Samuel C. Pomeroy ''(R)'' ★ 2: Edmund G. Ross ''(R)'' :'Kentucky' ★ 3: Garrett Davis ''(D)'' ★ 2: James Guthrie ''(D)'' ★ : Thomas C. McCreery ''(D)''

:'Louisiana' ★ 2: John S. Harris ''(R)'' ★ 3: William Pitt Kellogg ''(R)'' :'Maine' ★ 1: Lot M. Morrill ''(R)'' ★ 2: William Pitt Fessenden ''(R)'' :'Maryland' ★ 1: Reverdy Johnson ''(D)'' ★ : William Pinkney Whyte ''(D)'' ★ 3: George Vickers ''(D)'' :'Massachusetts' ★ 1: Charles Sumner ''(R)'' ★ 2: Henry Wilson ''(R)'' :'Michigan' ★ 1: Zachariah Chandler ''(R)'' ★ 2: Jacob M. Howard ''(R)'' :'Minnesota' ★ 1: Alexander Ramsey ''(R)'' ★ 2: Daniel S. Norton ''(R)'' :'Mississippi' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'Missouri' ★ 1: John B. Henderson ''(R)'' ★ 3: Charles D. Drake ''(R)'' :'Nebraska' ★ 2: John M. Thayer ''(R)'' ★ 1: Thomas W. Tipton ''(R)'' :'Nevada' ★ 1: William M. Stewart ''(R)'' ★ 3: James W. Nye ''(R)'' :'New Hampshire' ★ 2: Aaron H. Cragin ''(R)'' ★ 3: James W. Patterson ''(R)'' :'New Jersey' ★ 2: Alexander G. Cattell ''(R)'' ★ 1: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen ''(R)''

:'New York' ★ 1: Edwin D. Morgan ''(R)'' ★ 3: Roscoe Conkling ''(R)'' :'North Carolina' ★ 2: Joseph C. Abbott ''(R)'' ★ 3: John Pool ''(R)'' :'Ohio' ★ 1: Benjamin F. Wade ''(R)'' ★ 3: John Sherman ''(R)'' :'Oregon' ★ 2: George H. Williams ''(R)'' ★ 3: Henry W. Corbett ''(R)'' :'Pennsylvania' ★ 1: Charles R. Buckalew ''(D)'' ★ 3: Simon Cameron ''(R)'' :'Rhode Island' ★ 2: Henry B. Anthony ''(R)'' ★ 1: William Sprague ''(R)'' :'South Carolina' ★ 2: Thomas J. Robertson ''(R)'' ★ 3: Frederick A. Sawyer ''(R)'' :'Tennessee' ★ 2: Joseph S. Fowler ''(R)'' ★ 1: David T. Patterson ''(D)'' :'Texas' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'Vermont' ★ 1: George F. Edmunds ''(R)'' ★ 3: Justin S. Morrill ''(R)'' :'Virginia' ★ 1: vacant ★ 2: vacant :'West Virginia' ★ 1: Peter G. Van Winkle ''(R)'' ★ 2: Waitman T. Willey ''(R)'' :'Wisconsin' ★ 1: James R. Doolittle ''(R)'' ★ 3: Timothy O. Howe ''(R)''

President ''pro tempore'' Benjamin F. Wade

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise ''at-large,'' are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
:''See also:
:''See also:

:'Alabama' ★ : Francis W. Kellogg ''(R)'' ★ : Charles W. Buckley ''(R)'' ★ : Benjamin W. Norris ''(R)'' ★ : Charles W. Pierce ''(R)'' ★ : John B. Callis ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas Haughey ''(R)'' :'Arkansas' ★ : Logan H. Roots ''(R)'' ★ : James M. Hinds ''(R)'' ★ : James T. Elliott ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas Boles ''(R)'' :'California' ★ : Samuel B. Axtell ''(D)'' ★ : William Higby ''(R)'' ★ : James A. Johnson ''(D)'' :'Connecticut' ★ : Richard D. Hubbard ''(D)'' ★ : Julius Hotchkiss ''(D)'' ★ : Henry H. Starkweather ''(R)'' ★ : William H. Barnum ''(D)'' :'Delaware' ★ : John A. Nicholson ''(D)'' :'Florida' ★ : Charles M. Hamilton ''(R)'' :'Georgia' ★ : Joseph W. Clift ''(R)'' ★ : Nelson Tift ''(D)'' ★ : William P. Edwards ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel F. Gove ''(R)'' ★ : Charles H. Prince ''(R)'' ★ : vacant ★ : Pierce M. B. Young ''(D)'' :'Illinois' ★ : Norman B. Judd ''(R)'' ★ : John F. Farnsworth ''(R)'' ★ : Elihu B. Washburne ''(R)'' ★ : Abner C. Harding ''(R)'' ★ : Ebon C. Ingersoll ''(R)'' ★ : Burton C. Cook ''(R)'' ★ : Henry P. H. Bromwell ''(R)'' ★ : Shelby M. Cullom ''(R)'' ★ : Lewis W. Ross ''(D)'' ★ : Albert G. Burr ''(D)'' ★ : Samuel S. Marshall ''(D)'' ★ : Jehu Baker ''(R)'' ★ : Green B. Raum ''(R)'' ★ : John A. Logan ''(R)'' :'Indiana' ★ : William E. Niblack ''(D)'' ★ : Michael C. Kerr ''(D)'' ★ : Morton C. Hunter ''(R)'' ★ : William S. Holman ''(D)'' ★ : George W. Julian ''(R)'' ★ : John Coburn ''(R)'' ★ : Henry D. Washburn ''(R)'' ★ : Godlove S. Orth ''(R)'' ★ : Schuyler Colfax ''(R)'' ★ : William Williams ''(R)'' ★ : John P. C. Shanks ''(R)'' :'Iowa' ★ : James F. Wilson ''(R)'' ★ : Hiram Price ''(R)'' ★ : William B. Allison ''(R)'' ★ : William Loughridge ''(R)'' ★ : Grenville M. Dodge ''(R)'' ★ : Asahel W. Hubbard ''(R)'' :'Kansas' ★ : Sidney Clarke ''(R)'' :'Kentucky' ★ : Lawrence S. Trimble ''(D)'' ★ : vacant ★ : Elijah Hise ''(D)'' ★ : Jacob S. Golladay ''(D)'' ★ : J. Proctor Knott ''(D)'' ★ : Asa P. Grover ''(D)'' ★ : Thomas L. Jones ''(D)'' ★ : James B. Beck ''(D)'' ★ : George M. Adams ''(D)'' ★ : Samuel McKee ''(R)'' :'Louisiana' ★ : J. Hale Sypher ''(R)'' ★ : James Mann ''(D)'' ★ : Joseph P. Newsham ''(R)'' ★ : Michel Vidal ''(R)'' ★ : W. Jasper Blackburn ''(R)'' :'Maine' ★ : John Lynch ''(R)'' ★ : Sidney Perham ''(R)'' ★ : James G. Blaine ''(R)'' ★ : John A. Peters ''(R)'' ★ : Frederick A. Pike ''(R)''

:'Maryland' ★ : Hiram McCullough ''(D)'' ★ : Stevenson Archer ''(D)'' ★ : Charles E. Phelps ''(C)'' ★ : Francis Thomas ''(R)'' ★ : Frederick Stone ''(D)'' :'Massachusetts' ★ : Thomas D. Eliot ''(R)'' ★ : Oakes Ames ''(R)'' ★ : Ginery Twichell ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel Hooper ''(R)'' ★ : Benjamin F. Butler ''(R)'' ★ : Nathaniel P. Banks ''(R)'' ★ : George S. Boutwell ''(R)'' ★ : John D. Baldwin ''(R)'' ★ : William B. Washburn ''(R)'' ★ : Henry L. Dawes ''(R)'' :'Michigan' ★ : Fernando C. Beaman ''(R)'' ★ : Charles Upson ''(R)'' ★ : Austin Blair ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas W. Ferry ''(R)'' ★ : Rowland E. Trowbridge ''(R)'' ★ : John F. Driggs ''(R)'' :'Minnesota' ★ : William Windom ''(R)'' ★ : Ignatius L. Donnelly ''(R)'' :'Missouri' ★ : William A. Pile ''(R)'' ★ : Carman A. Newcomb ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas E. Noell ''(D)'' ★ : James R. McCormick ''(D)'' ★ : Joseph J. Gravely ''(R)'' ★ : Joseph W. McClurg ''(R)'' ★ : John H. Stover ''(R)'' ★ : Robert T. Van Horn ''(R)'' ★ : Benjamin F. Loan ''(R)'' ★ : John F. Benjamin ''(R)'' ★ : George W. Anderson ''(R)'' :'Nebraska' ★ : John Taffe ''(R)'' :'Nevada' ★ : Delos R. Ashley ''(R)'' :'New Hampshire' ★ : Jacob H. Ela ''(R)'' ★ : Aaron F. Stevens ''(R)'' ★ : Jacob Benton ''(R)'' :'New Jersey' ★ : William Moore ''(R)'' ★ : Charles Haight ''(D)'' ★ : Charles Sitgreaves ''(D)'' ★ : John Hill ''(R)'' ★ : George A. Halsey ''(R)'' :'New York' ★ : Stephen Taber ''(D)'' ★ : Demas Barnes ''(D)'' ★ : William E. Robinson ''(D)'' ★ : John Fox ''(D)'' ★ : John Morrissey ''(D)'' ★ : Thomas E. Stewart ''CR'' ★ : John W. Chanler ''(D)'' ★ : James Brooks ''(D)'' ★ : Fernando Wood ''(D)'' ★ : William H. Robertson ''(R)'' ★ : Charles H. Van Wyck ''(R)'' ★ : John H. Ketcham ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas Cornell ''(R)'' ★ : John V. L. Pruyn ''(D)'' ★ : John A. Griswold ''(R)'' ★ : Orange Ferriss ''(R)'' ★ : Calvin T. Hulburd ''(R)'' ★ : James M. Marvin ''(R)'' ★ : William C. Fields ''(R)'' ★ : Addison H. Laflin ''(R)'' ★ : Roscoe Conkling ''(R)'' ★ : Alexander H. Bailey ''(R)'' ★ : John C. Churchill ''(R)'' ★ : Dennis McCarthy ''(R)'' ★ : Theodore M. Pomeroy ''(R)'' ★ : William H. Kelsey ''(R)'' ★ : William S. Lincoln ''(R)'' ★ : Hamilton Ward, Sr. ''(R)'' ★ : Lewis Selye ''IR'' ★ : Burt Van Horn ''(R)'' ★ : James M. Humphrey ''(D)'' ★ : Henry H. Van Aernam ''(R)''

:'North Carolina' ★ : John R. French ''(R)'' ★ : David Heaton ''(R)'' ★ : Oliver H. Dockery ''(R)'' ★ : John T. Deweese ''(R)'' ★ : Israel G. Lash ''(R)'' ★ : Nathaniel Boyden ''(C)'' ★ : Alexander H. Jones ''(R)'' :'Ohio' ★ : Benjamin Eggleston ''(R)'' ★ : Rutherford B. Hayes ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel F. Cary ''IR'' ★ : Robert C. Schenck ''(R)'' ★ : William Lawrence ''(R)'' ★ : William Mungen ''(D)'' ★ : Reader W. Clarke ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel Shellabarger ''(R)'' ★ : Cornelius S. Hamilton ''(R)'' ★ : John Beatty ''(R)'' ★ : Ralph P. Buckland ''(R)'' ★ : James M. Ashley ''(R)'' ★ : John T. Wilson ''(R)'' ★ : Philadelph Van Trump ''(D)'' ★ : George W. Morgan ''(D)'' ★ : Columbus Delano ''(R)'' ★ : Martin Welker ''(R)'' ★ : Tobias A. Plants ''(R)'' ★ : John A. Bingham ''(R)'' ★ : Ephraim R. Eckley ''(R)'' ★ : Rufus P. Spalding ''(R)'' ★ : James A. Garfield ''(R)'' :'Oregon' ★ : Rufus Mallory ''(R)'' :'Pennsylvania' ★ : Samuel J. Randall ''(D)'' ★ : Charles O'Neill ''(R)'' ★ : Leonard Myers ''(R)'' ★ : William D. Kelley ''(R)'' ★ : Caleb N. Taylor ''(R)'' ★ : Benjamin M. Boyer ''(D)'' ★ : John M. Broomall ''(R)'' ★ : J. Lawrence Getz ''(D)'' ★ : Thaddeus Stevens ''(R)'' ★ : Oliver J. Dickey ''(R)'' ★ : Henry L. Cake ''(R)'' ★ : Daniel M. Van Auken ''(D)'' ★ : Charles Denison ''(D)'' ★ : George W. Woodward ''(D)'' ★ : Ulysses Mercur ''(R)'' ★ : George F. Miller ''(R)'' ★ : Adam J. Glossbrenner ''(D)'' ★ : William H. Koontz ''(R)'' ★ : Daniel J. Morrell ''(R)'' ★ : Stephen F. Wilson ''(R)'' ★ : Glenni W. Scofield ''(R)'' ★ : Darwin A. Finney ''(R)'' ★ : S. Newton Pettis ''(R)'' ★ : John Covode ''(R)'' ★ : James K. Moorhead ''(R)'' ★ : Thomas Williams ''(R)'' ★ : George V. Lawrence ''(R)'' :'Rhode Island' ★ : Thomas A. Jenckes ''(R)'' ★ : Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. ''(R)'' :'South Carolina' ★ : B. Frank Whittemore ''(R)'' ★ : Christopher C. Bowen ''(R)'' ★ : M. Simeon Corley ''(R)'' ★ : James H. Goss ''(R)'' :'Tennessee' ★ : Roderick R. Butler ''(R)'' ★ : Horace Maynard ''(R)'' ★ : William B. Stokes ''(R)'' ★ : James Mullins ''(R)'' ★ : John Trimble ''(R)'' ★ : Samuel M. Arnell ''(R)'' ★ : Isaac R. Hawkins ''(R)'' ★ : David A. Nunn ''(R)'' :'Vermont' ★ : Frederick E. Woodbridge ''(R)'' ★ : Luke P. Poland ''(R)'' ★ : Worthington C. Smith ''(R)'' :'West Virginia' ★ : Chester D. Hubbard ''(R)'' ★ : Bethuel M. Kitchen ''(R)'' ★ : Daniel H. Polsley ''(R)'' :'Wisconsin' ★ : Halbert E. Paine ''(R)'' ★ : Benjamin F. Hopkins ''(R)'' ★ : Amasa Cobb ''(R)'' ★ : Charles A. Eldredge ''(D)'' ★ : Philetus Sawyer ''(R)'' ★ : Cadwallader C. Washburn ''(R)''

Speaker of the House Schuyler Colfax Speaker of the House Theodore M. Pomeroy Delegates :' Arizona Territory' ★ : Coles Bashford ''(I)'' :' Colorado Territory' ★ : George M. Chilcott ''(R)'' :' Dakota Territory' ★ : Walter A. Burleigh ''(R)'' :' Idaho Territory' ★ : Edward D. Holbrook ''(D)'' :' Montana Territory' ★ : James M. Cavanaugh ''(D)'' :' New Mexico Territory' ★ : Charles P. Clever ''(D)'' ★ : J. Francisco Chaves ''(R)'' :' Utah Territory' ★ : William H. Hooper ''(D)'' :' Washington Territory' ★ : Alvan Flanders ''(R)''

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

:'Senate' ★ replacements: 3 ★ ★ Democratic: 2 seat net loss ★ ★ Republican: 2 seat net gain ★ deaths: 1 ★ resignations: 2 ★ interim appointments: 1 ★ seats from newly admitted states: 2 ★ 'Total seats with changes: '

:'House of Representatives' ★ replacements: 10 ★ ★ Democratic: no net change ★ ★ Republican: 1 seat net loss ★ ★ Independent Republican: 1 seat net gain ★ deaths: 8 ★ resignations: 3 ★ contested election: 3 ★ seats from newly admitted states: 1 ★ 'Total seats with changes: 15'

Officers

:'Senate' ★ Secretary of the Senate: ★ ★ John W. Forney of Pennsylvania elected July 15 1861 ★ ★ George C. Gorham of Massachusetts elected June 4 1868 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: ★ ★ George T. Brown of Illinois, elected July 6 1861 ★ Chaplain of the Senate ★ ★ The Rev. Edgar H. Gray, ''Baptist'', elected March 9 1865:'Other' ★ Architect of the Capitol: ★ ★ Edward Clark, appointed August 30 1865

:'House of Representatives' ★ Clerk of the House: ★ ★ Edward McPherson of Pennsylvania, elected March 4 1867 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the House: ★ ★ Nehemiah G. Ordway of New Hampshire, elected March 4 1867 ★ Doorkeeper of the House: ★ ★ Charles E. Lippincott of Illinois, elected March 4 1867 ★ Postmaster of the House: ★ ★ William S. King of Minnesota, elected March 4 1867 ★ Messenger to the Speaker: ★ ★ William D. Todd ★ Chaplain of the House ★ ★ The Rev. Charles B. Boynton, ''Congregationalist'', elected March 4 1867

References

★ The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989,

★ The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1982,

External links

★ Statutes at Large, 1789-1875

★ Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

★ House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress

★ Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress

★ U.S. House of Representatives: House History

★ U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists