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Español45TH UNITED STATES CONGRESS
United States Capitol (1869)
The 'Forty-fifth United States Congress' was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, comprised of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1877 to March 3 1879, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Ninth Census of the United States in 1870. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.
| Contents |
| Dates of sessions |
| Party summary |
| Leadership |
| Major events |
| Major legislation |
| Members |
| Senate |
| House of Representatives |
| Delegates |
| Changes in membership |
| Officers |
| References |
| External links |
Dates of sessions
March 4 1877 - March 3 1879
★ Special session of the Senate: March 5 1877 – March 17 1877
★ First session: October 15 1877 – December 3 1877
★ First session: December 3 1877 - June 20 1878
★ Second session: December 2 1878 - March 3 1879 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 44th Congress
Next congress: 46th Congress
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
| :'Senate' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 35 ★ Republican ''(R)'': 40 ''(majority)'' ★ Independent ''(I)'': 1'TOTAL members: 76' | :'House of Representatives' ★ Democratic ''(D)'': 155 ''(majority)'' ★ Republican ''(R)'': 136 ★ Independent Democratic ''(ID)'': 2'TOTAL members: 293' |
Leadership
:'Senate'
★ Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
★
★ William A. Wheeler, of New York
★ President pro tempore of the Senate:
★
★ Thomas W. Ferry, ''Republican'' of Michigan, first elected in this Congress March 5 1877.
:'House of Representatives'
★ Speaker of the House
★
★ Samuel J. Randall, ''Democratic'' of Pennsylvania, reelected October 15 1877.
Major events
:''Main article: Events of 1877; Events of 1878; Events of 1879''
★ March 4 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes became President of the United States
Major legislation
:''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 45th Congress
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
:''See also: 45th United States Congress - political parties''
:''See also: 45th United States Congress - State Delegations''
:''See also: United States House elections, 1876''
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1880; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1882; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1878.
:''See also:
:''See also:
| :'Alabama' ★ 3: George E. Spencer ''(R)'' ★ 2: John T. Morgan ''(D)'' :'Arkansas' ★ 3: Stephen W. Dorsey ''(R)'' ★ 2: Augustus H. Garland ''(D)'' :'California' ★ 3: Aaron A. Sargent ''(R)'' ★ 1: Newton Booth ''(R'' :'Colorado' ★ 3: Jerome B. Chaffee ''(R)'' ★ 2: Henry M. Teller ''(R)'' :'Connecticut' ★ 1: William W. Eaton ''(D)'' ★ 3: William H. Barnum ''(D)'' :'Delaware' ★ 1: Thomas F. Bayard, Sr. ''(D)'' ★ 2: Eli M. Saulsbury ''(D)'' :'Florida' ★ 3: Simon B. Conover ''(R)'' ★ 1: Charles W. Jones ''(D)'' :'Georgia' ★ 3: John B. Gordon ''(D)'' ★ 2: Benjamin H. Hill ''(D)'' :'Illinois' ★ 3: Richard J. Oglesby ''(R)'' ★ 2: David Davis ''(I)'' :'Indiana' ★ 3: Oliver H. P. T. Morton ''(R)'' ★ : Daniel W. Voorhees ''(D)'' ★ 1: Joseph E. McDonald ''(D)'' :'Iowa' ★ 3: William B. Allison ''(R)'' ★ 2: Samuel J. Kirkwood ''(R)'' :'Kansas' ★ 3: John J. Ingalls ''(R)'' ★ 2: Preston B. Plumb ''(R)'' :'Kentucky' ★ 3: Thomas C. McCreery ''(D)'' ★ 2: James B. Beck ''(D)'' | :'Louisiana' ★ 2: William Pitt Kellogg ''(R)'' ★ 3: James B. Eustis ''(D)'' :'Maine' ★ 1: Hannibal Hamlin ''(R)'' ★ 2: James G. Blaine ''(R)'' :'Maryland' ★ 3: George R. Dennis ''(D)'' ★ 1: William Pinkney Whyte ''(D)'' :'Massachusetts' ★ 1: Henry L. Dawes ''(R)'' ★ 2: George F. Hoar ''(R)'' :'Michigan' ★ 2: Thomas W. Ferry ''(R)'' ★ 1: Isaac P. Christiancy ''(R)'' ★ : Zachariah Chandler ''(R)'' :'Minnesota' ★ 2: William Windom ''(R)'' ★ 1: Samuel J. R. McMillan ''(R)'' :'Mississippi' ★ 1: Blanche K. Bruce ''(R)'' ★ 2: Lucius Q. C. Lamar ''(D)'' :'Missouri' ★ 3: Lewis V. Bogy ''(D)'' ★ : David H. Armstrong ''(D)'' ★ : James Shields ''(D)'' ★ 1: Francis M. Cockrell ''(D)'' :'Nebraska' ★ 1: Algernon S. Paddock ''(R)'' ★ 2: Alvin Saunders ''(R)'' :'Nevada' ★ 3: John P. Jones ''(R)'' ★ 1: William Sharon ''(R)'' :'New Hampshire' ★ 3: Bainbridge Wadleigh ''(R)'' ★ 2: Edward H. Rollins ''(R)'' :'New Jersey' ★ 1: Theodore F. Randolph ''(D)'' ★ 2: John R. McPherson ''(D)'' | :'New York' ★ 3: Roscoe Conkling ''(R)'' ★ 1: Francis Kernan ''(D)'' :'North Carolina' ★ 2: Matt W. Ransom ''(D)'' ★ 3: Augustus S. Merrimon ''(D)'' :'Ohio' ★ 3: John Sherman ''(R)'' ★ : T. Stanley Matthews ''(R)'' ★ 1: Allen G. Thurman ''(D)'' :'Oregon' ★ 3: John H. Mitchell ''(R)'' ★ 2: La Fayette Grover ''(D)'' :'Pennsylvania' ★ 3: Simon Cameron ''(R)'' ★ : J. Donald Cameron ''(R)'' ★ 1: William A. Wallace ''(D)'' :'Rhode Island' ★ 2: Henry B. Anthony ''(R)'' ★ 1: Ambrose E. Burnside ''(R)'' :'South Carolina' ★ 3: John J. Patterson ''(R)'' ★ 2: Matthew C. Butler ''(D)'' :'Tennessee' ★ 1: James E. Bailey ''(D)'' ★ 2: Isham G. Harris ''(D)'' :'Texas' ★ 1: Samuel B. Maxey ''(D)'' ★ 2: Richard Coke ''(D)'' :'Vermont' ★ 1: George F. Edmunds ''(R)'' ★ 3: Justin S. Morrill ''(R)'' :'Virginia' ★ 2: John W. Johnston ''(D)'' ★ 1: Robert E. Withers ''(D)'' :'West Virginia' ★ 2: Henry G. Davis ''(D)'' ★ 1: Frank Hereford ''(D)'' :'Wisconsin' ★ 3: Timothy O. Howe ''(R)'' ★ 1: Angus Cameron ''(R)'' |  President ''pro tempore'' Thomas W. Ferry |
House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise ''at-large,'' are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
:''See also:
:''See also:
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| :'Senate' ★ replacements: 5 ★ ★ Democratic: 1 seat net gain ★ ★ Republican: 1 seat net loss ★ deaths: 2 ★ resignations: 2 ★ interim appointments: 1 ★ contested elections: 2 ★ 'Total seats with changes: 6' | :'House of Representatives' ★ replacements: 6 ★ ★ Democratic: no net change ★ ★ Republican: no net change ★ deaths: 7 ★ resignations: 1 ★ contested election: 5 ★ 'Total seats with changes: 13' |
Officers
| :'Senate' ★ Secretary of the Senate: ★ ★ George C. Gorham of Massachusetts elected June 4 1868 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: ★ ★ John R. French of New Hampshire, elected March 22 1869 ★ Chaplain of the Senate ★ ★ The Rev. Byron Sunderland, ''Presbyterian'', elected December 8 1873:'Other' ★ Architect of the Capitol: ★ ★ Edward Clark, appointed August 30 1865 | :'House of Representatives' ★ Clerk of the House: ★ ★ George M. Adams of Kentucky, elected October 15 1877 ★ Sergeant at Arms of the House: ★ ★ John G. Thompson of Ohio, elected October 15 1877 ★ Doorkeeper of the House: ★ ★ John W. Polk of Missouri, elected October 15 1877 ★ Postmaster of the House: ★ ★ James M. Steuart of Virginia, elected October 15 1877 ★ Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: ★ ★ William H. Scudder ★ ★ J. Randolph Tucker, Jr. ★ Chaplain of the House ★ ★ The Rev. John Poise, ''Methodist'', elected October 15 1877 ★ ★ The Rev. W. P. Harrison, ''Methodist'', elected December 3 1877 |
References
★ The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989,
★ The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts, , Kenneth C., Martis, Macmillan Publishing Company, 1982,
External links
★ Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
★ U.S. House of Representatives: House History
★ U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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