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EspañolARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A.I.
(Redirected from A.I. (film))
'''Artificial Intelligence: A.I.''' is a 2001 science fiction film co-produced, written, and directed by Steven Spielberg. It was the last project on which filmmaker Stanley Kubrick worked — he died before the film started shooting, and Spielberg dedicated the film to him.
The film won five Saturn Awards, including Best Science Fiction Film. It was nominated for Academy Awards for Best Effects, Visual Effects and Best Music, Original Score.
''A.I.'' was initially inspired by a very short story by UK science-fiction writer Brian Aldiss, ''Super-Toys Last All Summer Long''. Kubrick and Aldiss spent years (on and off) attempting to develop this piece into a full length film. Aldiss claims he never felt the story could be successfully expanded into something bigger, as its focus was too intimate to begin with, and this seems to have been the origin of his problems with Spielberg, who was equally certain it could be fleshed out. Despite these problems, Aldiss has claimed he and Kubrick had come up with three or four "non-submersible units" (Kubrick-speak for the interesting sequences a film should contain six of) by taking ideas from other stories of his. Kubrick seems to have made some highly unreasonable demands on Aldiss , and there was also a dispute over money. Coupled with Kubrick's insistence on taking elements from "Pinocchio" this ended their relationship.
Irish science fiction novelist Bob Shaw was then brought on board for a few months, but he found Kubrick too demanding. Kubrick turned to another UK science fiction notable, Ian Watson, who did seem to work well with him, and the two produced the long treatment (credited to Watson) that Spielberg used to write his screenplay. Both British feminist writer, Sara Maitland, and Arthur C. Clarke added ideas to ''A.I.'' A science fiction painter known as Fangorn (real name Chris Baker) was commissioned to produce hundreds of pictures from ideas and descriptions given to him by Kubrick which were used heavily by Spielberg, too. Spielberg then bought the rights to Aldiss' two brief sequels to "Supertoys" and ideas from them appear in the movie.
It is often believed that the character David does not blink until the very end of the film when he closes his eyes; this is not true. Actor Haley Joel Osment thought it best to not blink as it would make the robot character seem less human, however there are a few scenes, particularly the scene in which Monica abandons David in the forest that he can be seen blinking a few times.
Chris Cunningham, a British music video film director famous for his award nominated music video "Come to Daddy" by Aphex Twin, worked for over a year on the film when it was a Stanley Kubrick project.[1]
The movie had an unusual publicity campaign consisting of a new type of "game" involving approximately 30 interlinked websites. This type of game has since become known as an alternate reality game (ARG). The ''A.I.'' game did not have an official name, but became known as The Beast by its most ardent fans.
The story is set sometime in the future. Global warming has led to an ecological disaster resulting in a drastic reduction of the human population and rising sea levels. Cities like New York City, and Venice lie in ruins. Mankind’s efforts to maintain civilization lead to the creation of android artificial intelligence. These efforts culminate with the creation of David, an android child (or “mecha”) programmed with the ability to love. Cybertronics, the company that created David, wish to test their latest creation on a loving couple wanting a child. They approach one of their employees, Henry Swinton, with the idea.
Henry and Monica Swinton are a married couple whose son, Martin, is dying of a rare illness. Hoping for a cure, the Swintons have their son placed in a state of suspended animation until such a cure can be found. The emotional toll of such a long, chronic illness nearly shatters the marriage. Henry agrees to bring David home to Monica. Although Monica is initially frightened of the android, she eventually warms to him after activating his imprinting protocol, which irreversibly causes David to feel love for her as a child loves a parent.
As he continues to live with the Swintons, David is befriended by Teddy, a mecha toy, that takes upon itself the responsibility of David’s well being. Martin is eventually cured of his illness and is brought home. The two are expected to live together like brothers. A sibling rivalry builds between the two, however. Martin’s jealousy prompts him to manipulate David into more and more irrational behavior but Martin’s scheming backfires when he and his friends activate David’s self-protection programming at a pool party. Thinking himself in danger, David grabs hold of Martin, begging him to "keep me safe." David falls into the pool, taking Martin with him, and sinks to the bottom. Martin is saved from drowning but David’s actions prove too much for Henry; he wants David returned to the manufacturer.
Fearing that David will be destroyed, Monica instead releases both David and Teddy into the forest to live as unregistered mechas, warning David to avoid the “flesh fairs,” events where mechas are destroyed before cheering crowds by anti-mecha groups. David is soon captured and nearly destroyed at such a flesh fair and narrowly escapes with the help of Gigolo Joe, a prostitute mecha, who is on the run after being framed for the murder of one of his clients. The two become friends and set out to find the Blue Fairy, who David remembers from the fairy tale "Pinocchio" as a being who has the power to turn him into a real boy. If he becomes a real boy, he imagines, Monica will love him and take him back. Joe and David make their way to the decadent metropolis known as Rouge City, a somewhat futuristic Las Vegas, in search of the knowledge that will lead them to the Blue Fairy.
An oracular computer personality called Dr. Know eventually leads David, with Joe in tow on the run from the authorities, to his manufacturers' laboratory at the top of a building at the Rockefeller Center in the flooded ruins of Manhattan. He is greeted by his human creator, Professor Hobby, who is unsurprised to see him there. His creator excitedly tells David that his arrival at the planned destination demonstrates the true, 'realistic' nature of David's (artificially-created) emotions, because he was driven by his love for his mother and desperation to be with her. To Hobby, this proves that David is a success as a robot model and the line of David replicates will be fit for the general market. Disheartened, David leaves and falls from the office into the ocean, possibly trying to commit suicide.
.jpg)
David falls to the streets of submerged Manhattan and sees, what he thinks is the Blue Fairy, but is suddenly rescued by Gigolo Joe. At the surface, Gigolo Joe is taken by the authorities, leaving David and Teddy to find the Blue Fairy in the ruins of Coney Island. While there in the submersible, David finally encounters the Blue Fairy, a statue from one of the rides at the park. Naïvely believing it to be the real Blue Fairy, he makes his wish to be turned into a real boy. He waits for the wish to come true, repeating it into infinity, with Teddy by his side and is ultimately trapped underwater when the park's ferris wheel falls on his vehicle.
2,000 years later, Manhattan has become buried under several hundred feet of glacial ice and snow, and humans are extinct. Mechas continue to exist but have evolved into an almost alien form. The future mechas, in the process of excavating New York City from the ice, find David and Teddy buried in the ice and revive them. David wakes up and walks to the frozen statue of the Blue Fairy, which cracks and collapses as David touches it. With a simple touch of David’s forehead, the mechas learn his precise memories of his time and David is revered.
Using David’s memories, the mechas reconstruct the Swinton household and are able to resurrect Monica using strands of DNA from her hair (faithfully saved by Teddy). The mechas point out that the resurrection process is flawed; the person, once resurrected, will live for only one day and the process cannot ever be duplicated.
David finds Monica asleep in her bed. She awakes with a smile, happy to see him. David spends one day alone with Monica, painting, playing, and basking in her love. The film ends as Monica, now tired, tells David that she always loved him. The story ends as she drifts to sleep for the final time, David and Teddy beside her.
The film had a reported budget of $100 million (according to Box Office Mojo) with a domestic gross of $78,616,689 and an overseas gross of $157,309,863 (for a total worldwide gross of $235,926,552) and ranked (domestically) in 28th place for the year of 2001 (it ranked 16th worldwide).
Critics affiliated with Rotten Tomatoes gave the film 121 "fresh" reviews out of 162.[2]
Roger Ebert called the film "both wonderful and maddening"; he ends his print review noting:
James Berardinelli writes:
In a review for ''The New York Times'' by A. O. Scott, ''A.I'' is described as the
"best fairy tale — the most disturbing, complex and intellectually challenging boy's adventure story — Mr. Spielberg has made." He comments on the film's ending:
In an interview with film critic Mark Kermode on ''The Culture Show'' broadcast on November 4 2006, Spielberg responded to some of the criticisms of the film, stating that many of the so called 'sentimental' elements of the film, including the ending, were in fact Kubrick's and vice-versa the darker elements were his own.
★ Haley Joel Osment as David, a young ''Mecha''
★ Jude Law as Gigolo Joe, David's companion and also a ''Mecha''
★ Ashley Scott as Gigolo Jane, another ''Mecha''
★ Frances O'Connor as Monica Swinton
★ Brendan Gleeson as Lord Johnson-Johnson
★ Sam Robards as Henry Swinton, David's adoptive father
★ William Hurt as Professor Allen Hobby, David's creator
★ Jake Thomas as Martin Swinton, the Swintons' son
★ Enrico Colantoni as the Murderer
★ Robin Williams as the voice of Dr. Know
★ Chris Rock as the voice of Comedian Mecha
★ Meryl Streep as the voice of the Blue Fairy
★ Ben Kingsley, narrator, and as the voice of the future Mechas
★ Simulated reality
★ Uncanny Valley
1. The Work of Director Chris Cunningham
2. ''A.I. Artificial Intelligence'' from Rotten Tomatoes
★ Official website
★ Supertoys Last All Summer Long or the copy on the Kubrick site
★ The Kubrick FAQ's entry on ''A.I.''
★
★ A.I. in Depth at Filmmonthly.com
★
'''Artificial Intelligence: A.I.''' is a 2001 science fiction film co-produced, written, and directed by Steven Spielberg. It was the last project on which filmmaker Stanley Kubrick worked — he died before the film started shooting, and Spielberg dedicated the film to him.
The film won five Saturn Awards, including Best Science Fiction Film. It was nominated for Academy Awards for Best Effects, Visual Effects and Best Music, Original Score.
| Contents |
| Production |
| Plot |
| Reception |
| Cast |
| See also |
| References |
| External links |
Production
''A.I.'' was initially inspired by a very short story by UK science-fiction writer Brian Aldiss, ''Super-Toys Last All Summer Long''. Kubrick and Aldiss spent years (on and off) attempting to develop this piece into a full length film. Aldiss claims he never felt the story could be successfully expanded into something bigger, as its focus was too intimate to begin with, and this seems to have been the origin of his problems with Spielberg, who was equally certain it could be fleshed out. Despite these problems, Aldiss has claimed he and Kubrick had come up with three or four "non-submersible units" (Kubrick-speak for the interesting sequences a film should contain six of) by taking ideas from other stories of his. Kubrick seems to have made some highly unreasonable demands on Aldiss , and there was also a dispute over money. Coupled with Kubrick's insistence on taking elements from "Pinocchio" this ended their relationship.
Irish science fiction novelist Bob Shaw was then brought on board for a few months, but he found Kubrick too demanding. Kubrick turned to another UK science fiction notable, Ian Watson, who did seem to work well with him, and the two produced the long treatment (credited to Watson) that Spielberg used to write his screenplay. Both British feminist writer, Sara Maitland, and Arthur C. Clarke added ideas to ''A.I.'' A science fiction painter known as Fangorn (real name Chris Baker) was commissioned to produce hundreds of pictures from ideas and descriptions given to him by Kubrick which were used heavily by Spielberg, too. Spielberg then bought the rights to Aldiss' two brief sequels to "Supertoys" and ideas from them appear in the movie.
It is often believed that the character David does not blink until the very end of the film when he closes his eyes; this is not true. Actor Haley Joel Osment thought it best to not blink as it would make the robot character seem less human, however there are a few scenes, particularly the scene in which Monica abandons David in the forest that he can be seen blinking a few times.
Chris Cunningham, a British music video film director famous for his award nominated music video "Come to Daddy" by Aphex Twin, worked for over a year on the film when it was a Stanley Kubrick project.[1]
The movie had an unusual publicity campaign consisting of a new type of "game" involving approximately 30 interlinked websites. This type of game has since become known as an alternate reality game (ARG). The ''A.I.'' game did not have an official name, but became known as The Beast by its most ardent fans.
Plot
The story is set sometime in the future. Global warming has led to an ecological disaster resulting in a drastic reduction of the human population and rising sea levels. Cities like New York City, and Venice lie in ruins. Mankind’s efforts to maintain civilization lead to the creation of android artificial intelligence. These efforts culminate with the creation of David, an android child (or “mecha”) programmed with the ability to love. Cybertronics, the company that created David, wish to test their latest creation on a loving couple wanting a child. They approach one of their employees, Henry Swinton, with the idea.
Android Gigolo Joe (''Jude Law'')
Henry and Monica Swinton are a married couple whose son, Martin, is dying of a rare illness. Hoping for a cure, the Swintons have their son placed in a state of suspended animation until such a cure can be found. The emotional toll of such a long, chronic illness nearly shatters the marriage. Henry agrees to bring David home to Monica. Although Monica is initially frightened of the android, she eventually warms to him after activating his imprinting protocol, which irreversibly causes David to feel love for her as a child loves a parent.
David, holding Teddy, and Joe in Rouge City.
As he continues to live with the Swintons, David is befriended by Teddy, a mecha toy, that takes upon itself the responsibility of David’s well being. Martin is eventually cured of his illness and is brought home. The two are expected to live together like brothers. A sibling rivalry builds between the two, however. Martin’s jealousy prompts him to manipulate David into more and more irrational behavior but Martin’s scheming backfires when he and his friends activate David’s self-protection programming at a pool party. Thinking himself in danger, David grabs hold of Martin, begging him to "keep me safe." David falls into the pool, taking Martin with him, and sinks to the bottom. Martin is saved from drowning but David’s actions prove too much for Henry; he wants David returned to the manufacturer.
Fearing that David will be destroyed, Monica instead releases both David and Teddy into the forest to live as unregistered mechas, warning David to avoid the “flesh fairs,” events where mechas are destroyed before cheering crowds by anti-mecha groups. David is soon captured and nearly destroyed at such a flesh fair and narrowly escapes with the help of Gigolo Joe, a prostitute mecha, who is on the run after being framed for the murder of one of his clients. The two become friends and set out to find the Blue Fairy, who David remembers from the fairy tale "Pinocchio" as a being who has the power to turn him into a real boy. If he becomes a real boy, he imagines, Monica will love him and take him back. Joe and David make their way to the decadent metropolis known as Rouge City, a somewhat futuristic Las Vegas, in search of the knowledge that will lead them to the Blue Fairy.
New York City now in ruins and submerged after the effects of Global Warming.
An oracular computer personality called Dr. Know eventually leads David, with Joe in tow on the run from the authorities, to his manufacturers' laboratory at the top of a building at the Rockefeller Center in the flooded ruins of Manhattan. He is greeted by his human creator, Professor Hobby, who is unsurprised to see him there. His creator excitedly tells David that his arrival at the planned destination demonstrates the true, 'realistic' nature of David's (artificially-created) emotions, because he was driven by his love for his mother and desperation to be with her. To Hobby, this proves that David is a success as a robot model and the line of David replicates will be fit for the general market. Disheartened, David leaves and falls from the office into the ocean, possibly trying to commit suicide.
.jpg)
New York City 2,000 years later.
David falls to the streets of submerged Manhattan and sees, what he thinks is the Blue Fairy, but is suddenly rescued by Gigolo Joe. At the surface, Gigolo Joe is taken by the authorities, leaving David and Teddy to find the Blue Fairy in the ruins of Coney Island. While there in the submersible, David finally encounters the Blue Fairy, a statue from one of the rides at the park. Naïvely believing it to be the real Blue Fairy, he makes his wish to be turned into a real boy. He waits for the wish to come true, repeating it into infinity, with Teddy by his side and is ultimately trapped underwater when the park's ferris wheel falls on his vehicle.
David meets a holographic version of the Coney Island Blue Fairy (voiced by Meryl Streep).
2,000 years later, Manhattan has become buried under several hundred feet of glacial ice and snow, and humans are extinct. Mechas continue to exist but have evolved into an almost alien form. The future mechas, in the process of excavating New York City from the ice, find David and Teddy buried in the ice and revive them. David wakes up and walks to the frozen statue of the Blue Fairy, which cracks and collapses as David touches it. With a simple touch of David’s forehead, the mechas learn his precise memories of his time and David is revered.
Using David’s memories, the mechas reconstruct the Swinton household and are able to resurrect Monica using strands of DNA from her hair (faithfully saved by Teddy). The mechas point out that the resurrection process is flawed; the person, once resurrected, will live for only one day and the process cannot ever be duplicated.
David finds Monica asleep in her bed. She awakes with a smile, happy to see him. David spends one day alone with Monica, painting, playing, and basking in her love. The film ends as Monica, now tired, tells David that she always loved him. The story ends as she drifts to sleep for the final time, David and Teddy beside her.
Reception
The film had a reported budget of $100 million (according to Box Office Mojo) with a domestic gross of $78,616,689 and an overseas gross of $157,309,863 (for a total worldwide gross of $235,926,552) and ranked (domestically) in 28th place for the year of 2001 (it ranked 16th worldwide).
Critics affiliated with Rotten Tomatoes gave the film 121 "fresh" reviews out of 162.[2]
Roger Ebert called the film "both wonderful and maddening"; he ends his print review noting:
James Berardinelli writes:
In a review for ''The New York Times'' by A. O. Scott, ''A.I'' is described as the
"best fairy tale — the most disturbing, complex and intellectually challenging boy's adventure story — Mr. Spielberg has made." He comments on the film's ending:
In an interview with film critic Mark Kermode on ''The Culture Show'' broadcast on November 4 2006, Spielberg responded to some of the criticisms of the film, stating that many of the so called 'sentimental' elements of the film, including the ending, were in fact Kubrick's and vice-versa the darker elements were his own.
Cast
★ Haley Joel Osment as David, a young ''Mecha''
★ Jude Law as Gigolo Joe, David's companion and also a ''Mecha''
★ Ashley Scott as Gigolo Jane, another ''Mecha''
★ Frances O'Connor as Monica Swinton
★ Brendan Gleeson as Lord Johnson-Johnson
★ Sam Robards as Henry Swinton, David's adoptive father
★ William Hurt as Professor Allen Hobby, David's creator
★ Jake Thomas as Martin Swinton, the Swintons' son
★ Enrico Colantoni as the Murderer
★ Robin Williams as the voice of Dr. Know
★ Chris Rock as the voice of Comedian Mecha
★ Meryl Streep as the voice of the Blue Fairy
★ Ben Kingsley, narrator, and as the voice of the future Mechas
See also
★ Simulated reality
★ Uncanny Valley
References
1. The Work of Director Chris Cunningham
2. ''A.I. Artificial Intelligence'' from Rotten Tomatoes
External links
★ Official website
★ Supertoys Last All Summer Long or the copy on the Kubrick site
★ The Kubrick FAQ's entry on ''A.I.''
★
★ A.I. in Depth at Filmmonthly.com
★
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