(Redirected from Accretion (astronomy))In
astrophysics, the term 'accretion' is used for at least two distinct processes.
The first and most common is the growth of a massive object by
gravitationally attracting more matter, typically
gaseous matter in an
accretion disc. Accretion discs are common around smaller stars or stellar remnants in a
close binary, or
black holes in the centers of spiral
galaxies. Some dynamics in the disc are necessary to allow orbiting gas to lose
angular momentum and fall onto the central massive object.
The second process is somewhat analogous to the one in
atmospheric science. In the
nebular theory, accretion refers to the collision and sticking of cooled microscopic dust and ice particles electrostatically, in
protoplanetary discs and
Gas giant protoplanet systems, eventually leading to
planetesimals which gravitationally accrete more small particles and other planetesimals.
Use of the term accretion disc for the protoplanetary disc thus leads to confusion over the planetary accretion process, although in many cases it may well be that both accretion processes are happening simultaneously (e.g.
T Tauri).
The Jovian protoplanets probably have discs of their own, in close analogy to the
solar system as a whole. The Jovian protoplanet may be accreting gas from its surrounding disc in the first process, at the same time that dust and ice particles in the disc are accreting into moonlets and ring systems, in the second process.
See also
★
accretion disc