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EspañolADAM-ONDI-AHMAN
:''This article is about a geographical location. For the article about the Latter Day Saint hymn, see Adam-ondi-Ahman (hymn).''
'Adam-ondi-Ahman' (sometimes clipped to 'Diahman' as in Adam-on'di-Ahman') is a historic site along the east bluffs above the Grand River in Daviess County, Missouri. According to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints it is the site to where Adam and Eve were banished after being cast out from the Garden of Eden and is to be a gathering spot for a meeting of the priesthood leadership, including prophets of all ages and other righteous men, prior to the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.
It was the site for a Latter Day Saint Temple (which was never built) and a flash point in the Mormon War to evict the Mormons from Missouri.
After the Mormons were evicted it was renamed 'Cravensville' and was the site of a skirmish on August 4, 1862, in the American Civil War in which six Confederates were killed with 10 Confederates wounded and five Union soldiers wounded when Union troops attempted to stop Confederate reinforcements in the First Battle of Independence[1].
Most of the site is now owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and it remains predominately farmland.
Adam-ondi-Ahman is the subject of a revelation recorded in the Doctrine & Covenants:
SECTION 116
''Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, near Wight's Ferry, at a place called Spring Hill, Daviess County, Missouri, May 19, 1838. HC 3:35.''
SPRING Hill is named by the Lord Adam-ondi-Ahman, because, said he, it is the place where Adam shall come to visit his people, or the Ancient of Days shall sit, as spoken of by Daniel the prophet.
In the 1830s Mormons being forced out of Jackson County, Missouri settled just south of Daviess County in Caldwell County, Missouri in the settlement of Far West.
Lyman Wight built a home in February 1838 and established a ferry on the Grand River at a spot known as "Wight's Ferry." Wight and other settlers were never to actually own the land but thought they would be able to buy when the federal government sold it because they had settled and improved it.
In the Spring of 1838 Smith (who since 1832 had been preaching the concept of a Garden of Eden in exile but never giving an exact spot) visited the site. He proclaimed there were either two or three (depending on subsequent interpretations) altars built by Adam at the site. One altar called the "altar of prayer" was by Lyman's house on Tower Hill. It was described:
:...sixteen feet long, by nine or ten feet wide, having its greatest extent north and south. The height of the altar at each end was some two and a half feet, gradually rising higher to the center, which was between four and five feet high--the whole surface being crowning. [2]
The other altar is called the "altar of sacrifice," is said a mile to the north on top of Spring Hill.[3]
On May 19, 1838, Smith formally revealed his belief that Adam-ondi-Ahman was indeed the exiled Garden of Eden.[4]
On June 25, 1838, at a conference in Wight's orchard, the LDS settlement was formally established. Within a few months its population grew to 1,500.[5]
Non-LDS settlers grew concerned that the LDS would seize political control of Daviess County. On August 6, 1838, a group of non-LDS tried to prevent LDS settlers from voting in the local elections at Gallatin, Missouri. The LDS fought back and defeated the mob in a skirmish that came to be called the Gallatin Election Day Battle. This was the opening skirmish in the Mormon War.
In the course of the conflict, non-LDS vigilantes from neighboring counties came to Daviess and burned LDS homes, which caused LDS refugees to gather to Adam-ondi-Ahman for protection. Latter-day Saints responded to these attacks by leading their own forces up from Caldwell County. The LDS militia and Danite groups marched to the non-LDS settlements of Gallatin, Millport, and Grindstone Forks. They seized the property found in homes and stores and then burned the settlements to the ground. As a result most non-LDS residents fled the county and their stories increased anti-LDS sentiment throughout northwestern Missouri.
Missouri's governor, Lilburn Boggs called out 2,500 militiamen and threatened to "exterminate" the LDS settlers (in what was called the Extermination Order).
During the conflict in October 1838, Smith, Young and Kimball and residents gathered to dedicate the temple square on the highest point on the bluff.[6]
Smith, Wight and others surrendered on November 1, 1838 on charges of murder, arson, theft, rebellion, and treason. [7]. A preliminary court hearing was held November 12-29 in Richmond, Missouri and Smith and Wight were transferred to the Liberty Jail in Liberty, Missouri.
On November 7, 1838, the Mormons were told they had 10 days to abandon the settlement and they moved initially to Far West.
On April 9, 1839, Smith was sent to the Daviess County Jail in Gallatin where a Grand Jury indicted Smith. On April 15 following the granting of a change of venue Smith was allowed to escape while en route to Boone County, Missouri a day after getting supplies at Adam-ondi-Ahman[8]
Most of the Latter-Day Saints had left the state by early 1839, the refugees gathered in Illinois and later regrouped at the new LDS center of Nauvoo. Although many Latter-Day Saints were tried for their part in the war, no non-LDS vigilantes were brought to trial.
According to widespread LDS belief, the term ''Adam-ondi-Ahman'' is part of the Adamic language. (See Orson Pratt, J.D. 2:342.) The name was first referenced in about 1832, in LDS Doctrine and Covenants 78, prior being attached to a specific place. The name was also the title of the early church's most popular hymn:
:"This earth was once a garden place, With all her glories common, And men did live a holy race, And worship Jesus face to face, In Adam-ondi-Ahman. / We read that Enoch walk'd with God, Above the power of mammon, While Zion spread herself abroad, And Saints and angels sung aloud, In Adam-ondi-Ahman. / Her land was good and greatly blest, Beyond old Israel's Canaan; Her fame was known from east to west, Her peace was great, and pure the rest Of Adam-ondi-Ahman. / Hosannah to such days to come—The Savior's second coming, When all the earth in glorious bloom, Affords the Saints a holy home, Like Adam-ondi-Ahman." (John Taylor, Mediation and Atonement, Ch. 8) (listen to the MP3).
The term ''Adam-ondi-Ahman'' has been speculatively translated as the "Valley of God, where Adam dwelt" (by Orson Pratt), "The valley of God in which Adam blessed his children" (by LDS historian John Corrill), "Adam's grave" (by Community of Christ historian Herman C. Smith), or "Adam with God," because in scriptures by Joseph Smith, Jr., the term ''Son Ahman'' is said to refer to Jesus. (LDS D&C 78:20.) The term ''Ahman'', therefore, is popularly interpreted to mean "God".
According to Mormon teachings, the Garden of Eden was originally Independence, Missouri. After Adam and Eve were banished they went to Adam-ondi-Ahman.
According to the Doctrine and Covenants, Adam met his children at the site three years before his death to bestow his blessing:
:"Three years previous to the death of Adam, he called Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Enoch, and Methuselah, who were all high priests, with the residue of his posterity who were righteous, into the valley of 'Adam-ondi-Ahman', and there bestowed upon them his last blessing. And the Lord appeared unto them, and they rose up and blessed Adam, and called him Michael, the prince, the archangel. And the Lord administered comfort unto Adam, and said unto him: I have set thee to be at the head; a multitude of nations shall come of thee, and thou art a prince over them forever. And Adam stood up in the midst of the congregation; and, notwithstanding he was bowed down with age, being full of the Holy Ghost, predicted whatsoever should befall his posterity unto the latest generation." [9]
Before Judgment Day, it is said that Adam will convene another meeting there to turn the government of the human family officially to Jesus Christ.
The Latter-day Saints held their lands in Adam-ondi-Ahman by preemption and all of their rights and improvements were lost when they were forced to leave their homes. Their losses are recorded in a set of Mormon Redress Petitions collected and edited by Clark V. Johnson. Most of the land in Adam-ondi-Ahman was purchased by John Cravens who renamed the town, "Cravensville."
Today 3,000 acres (12 km²) of the site of Adam-ondi-Ahman is owned and maintained as a historic site by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It remains largely undeveloped farmland.
★ Holy of Holies (Latter Day Saints)
★ Most Holy Place
★ Sacred Grove
1. Deadly Skirmish in Daviess County
2. Geography at Adam-On-Diahman
3. The two altar concept was promoted by Alvin R. Dyer who has written much of the modern history of the site. However the three altar arrangement was recorded by Heber C. Kimball who wrote:
:The Prophet Joseph called upon Brother Brigham, myself and others, saying, ‘Brethren, come, go along with me, and I will show you something.’ He led us a short distance to a place where were the ruins of three altars built of stone, one above the other, and one standing a little back of the other, like unto the pulpits in the Kirtland Temple, representing the order of three grades of Priesthood; ‘There,’ said Joseph, ‘is the place where Adam offered up sacrifice after he was cast out of the garden.’ The altar stood at the highest point of the bluff. I went and examined the place several times while I remained there.
4. Quotes and other information compiled by Bruce Satterfield, BYU-Idaho Professor of Religion
5. Becky Cardon Smith - LDSgetaway.com
6. monmonismi.net history
7. Joseph Smith Legal Trials
8. History of Joseph Smith by his Mother
9. [1], Doctrine and Covenants, Section 107, v. 53-56
★ Stephen C. LeSueur, ''The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri,'' University of Missouri Press, 1990.
★ Alexander L. Baugh, ''A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri,'' BYU Studies, 2000.
★ Clark V. Johnson, ''Mormon Redress Petitions: Documents of the 1833-1838 Missouri Conflict,'' Religious Studies Center, BYU, 1992.
Adam-ondi-Ahman, December 6, 2004
'Adam-ondi-Ahman' (sometimes clipped to 'Diahman' as in Adam-on'di-Ahman') is a historic site along the east bluffs above the Grand River in Daviess County, Missouri. According to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints it is the site to where Adam and Eve were banished after being cast out from the Garden of Eden and is to be a gathering spot for a meeting of the priesthood leadership, including prophets of all ages and other righteous men, prior to the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.
It was the site for a Latter Day Saint Temple (which was never built) and a flash point in the Mormon War to evict the Mormons from Missouri.
After the Mormons were evicted it was renamed 'Cravensville' and was the site of a skirmish on August 4, 1862, in the American Civil War in which six Confederates were killed with 10 Confederates wounded and five Union soldiers wounded when Union troops attempted to stop Confederate reinforcements in the First Battle of Independence[1].
Most of the site is now owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and it remains predominately farmland.
| Contents |
| Doctrine & Covenants Reference |
| History |
| Meaning of the Name |
| Religious Significance |
| Aftermath |
| See also |
| Notes |
| References |
| External links |
Doctrine & Covenants Reference
Adam-ondi-Ahman is the subject of a revelation recorded in the Doctrine & Covenants:
''Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, near Wight's Ferry, at a place called Spring Hill, Daviess County, Missouri, May 19, 1838. HC 3:35.''
SPRING Hill is named by the Lord Adam-ondi-Ahman, because, said he, it is the place where Adam shall come to visit his people, or the Ancient of Days shall sit, as spoken of by Daniel the prophet.
History
In the 1830s Mormons being forced out of Jackson County, Missouri settled just south of Daviess County in Caldwell County, Missouri in the settlement of Far West.
Lyman Wight built a home in February 1838 and established a ferry on the Grand River at a spot known as "Wight's Ferry." Wight and other settlers were never to actually own the land but thought they would be able to buy when the federal government sold it because they had settled and improved it.
In the Spring of 1838 Smith (who since 1832 had been preaching the concept of a Garden of Eden in exile but never giving an exact spot) visited the site. He proclaimed there were either two or three (depending on subsequent interpretations) altars built by Adam at the site. One altar called the "altar of prayer" was by Lyman's house on Tower Hill. It was described:
:...sixteen feet long, by nine or ten feet wide, having its greatest extent north and south. The height of the altar at each end was some two and a half feet, gradually rising higher to the center, which was between four and five feet high--the whole surface being crowning. [2]
The other altar is called the "altar of sacrifice," is said a mile to the north on top of Spring Hill.[3]
On May 19, 1838, Smith formally revealed his belief that Adam-ondi-Ahman was indeed the exiled Garden of Eden.[4]
On June 25, 1838, at a conference in Wight's orchard, the LDS settlement was formally established. Within a few months its population grew to 1,500.[5]
Non-LDS settlers grew concerned that the LDS would seize political control of Daviess County. On August 6, 1838, a group of non-LDS tried to prevent LDS settlers from voting in the local elections at Gallatin, Missouri. The LDS fought back and defeated the mob in a skirmish that came to be called the Gallatin Election Day Battle. This was the opening skirmish in the Mormon War.
In the course of the conflict, non-LDS vigilantes from neighboring counties came to Daviess and burned LDS homes, which caused LDS refugees to gather to Adam-ondi-Ahman for protection. Latter-day Saints responded to these attacks by leading their own forces up from Caldwell County. The LDS militia and Danite groups marched to the non-LDS settlements of Gallatin, Millport, and Grindstone Forks. They seized the property found in homes and stores and then burned the settlements to the ground. As a result most non-LDS residents fled the county and their stories increased anti-LDS sentiment throughout northwestern Missouri.
Missouri's governor, Lilburn Boggs called out 2,500 militiamen and threatened to "exterminate" the LDS settlers (in what was called the Extermination Order).
During the conflict in October 1838, Smith, Young and Kimball and residents gathered to dedicate the temple square on the highest point on the bluff.[6]
Smith, Wight and others surrendered on November 1, 1838 on charges of murder, arson, theft, rebellion, and treason. [7]. A preliminary court hearing was held November 12-29 in Richmond, Missouri and Smith and Wight were transferred to the Liberty Jail in Liberty, Missouri.
On November 7, 1838, the Mormons were told they had 10 days to abandon the settlement and they moved initially to Far West.
On April 9, 1839, Smith was sent to the Daviess County Jail in Gallatin where a Grand Jury indicted Smith. On April 15 following the granting of a change of venue Smith was allowed to escape while en route to Boone County, Missouri a day after getting supplies at Adam-ondi-Ahman[8]
Most of the Latter-Day Saints had left the state by early 1839, the refugees gathered in Illinois and later regrouped at the new LDS center of Nauvoo. Although many Latter-Day Saints were tried for their part in the war, no non-LDS vigilantes were brought to trial.
Meaning of the Name
According to widespread LDS belief, the term ''Adam-ondi-Ahman'' is part of the Adamic language. (See Orson Pratt, J.D. 2:342.) The name was first referenced in about 1832, in LDS Doctrine and Covenants 78, prior being attached to a specific place. The name was also the title of the early church's most popular hymn:
:"This earth was once a garden place, With all her glories common, And men did live a holy race, And worship Jesus face to face, In Adam-ondi-Ahman. / We read that Enoch walk'd with God, Above the power of mammon, While Zion spread herself abroad, And Saints and angels sung aloud, In Adam-ondi-Ahman. / Her land was good and greatly blest, Beyond old Israel's Canaan; Her fame was known from east to west, Her peace was great, and pure the rest Of Adam-ondi-Ahman. / Hosannah to such days to come—The Savior's second coming, When all the earth in glorious bloom, Affords the Saints a holy home, Like Adam-ondi-Ahman." (John Taylor, Mediation and Atonement, Ch. 8) (listen to the MP3).
The term ''Adam-ondi-Ahman'' has been speculatively translated as the "Valley of God, where Adam dwelt" (by Orson Pratt), "The valley of God in which Adam blessed his children" (by LDS historian John Corrill), "Adam's grave" (by Community of Christ historian Herman C. Smith), or "Adam with God," because in scriptures by Joseph Smith, Jr., the term ''Son Ahman'' is said to refer to Jesus. (LDS D&C 78:20.) The term ''Ahman'', therefore, is popularly interpreted to mean "God".
Religious Significance
According to Mormon teachings, the Garden of Eden was originally Independence, Missouri. After Adam and Eve were banished they went to Adam-ondi-Ahman.
According to the Doctrine and Covenants, Adam met his children at the site three years before his death to bestow his blessing:
:"Three years previous to the death of Adam, he called Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Enoch, and Methuselah, who were all high priests, with the residue of his posterity who were righteous, into the valley of 'Adam-ondi-Ahman', and there bestowed upon them his last blessing. And the Lord appeared unto them, and they rose up and blessed Adam, and called him Michael, the prince, the archangel. And the Lord administered comfort unto Adam, and said unto him: I have set thee to be at the head; a multitude of nations shall come of thee, and thou art a prince over them forever. And Adam stood up in the midst of the congregation; and, notwithstanding he was bowed down with age, being full of the Holy Ghost, predicted whatsoever should befall his posterity unto the latest generation." [9]
Before Judgment Day, it is said that Adam will convene another meeting there to turn the government of the human family officially to Jesus Christ.
Aftermath
The Latter-day Saints held their lands in Adam-ondi-Ahman by preemption and all of their rights and improvements were lost when they were forced to leave their homes. Their losses are recorded in a set of Mormon Redress Petitions collected and edited by Clark V. Johnson. Most of the land in Adam-ondi-Ahman was purchased by John Cravens who renamed the town, "Cravensville."
Today 3,000 acres (12 km²) of the site of Adam-ondi-Ahman is owned and maintained as a historic site by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It remains largely undeveloped farmland.
See also
★ Holy of Holies (Latter Day Saints)
★ Most Holy Place
★ Sacred Grove
Notes
1. Deadly Skirmish in Daviess County
2. Geography at Adam-On-Diahman
3. The two altar concept was promoted by Alvin R. Dyer who has written much of the modern history of the site. However the three altar arrangement was recorded by Heber C. Kimball who wrote:
:The Prophet Joseph called upon Brother Brigham, myself and others, saying, ‘Brethren, come, go along with me, and I will show you something.’ He led us a short distance to a place where were the ruins of three altars built of stone, one above the other, and one standing a little back of the other, like unto the pulpits in the Kirtland Temple, representing the order of three grades of Priesthood; ‘There,’ said Joseph, ‘is the place where Adam offered up sacrifice after he was cast out of the garden.’ The altar stood at the highest point of the bluff. I went and examined the place several times while I remained there.
4. Quotes and other information compiled by Bruce Satterfield, BYU-Idaho Professor of Religion
5. Becky Cardon Smith - LDSgetaway.com
6. monmonismi.net history
7. Joseph Smith Legal Trials
8. History of Joseph Smith by his Mother
9. [1], Doctrine and Covenants, Section 107, v. 53-56
References
★ Stephen C. LeSueur, ''The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri,'' University of Missouri Press, 1990.
★ Alexander L. Baugh, ''A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri,'' BYU Studies, 2000.
★ Clark V. Johnson, ''Mormon Redress Petitions: Documents of the 1833-1838 Missouri Conflict,'' Religious Studies Center, BYU, 1992.
External links
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