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EspañolADMIRALTY ISLANDS
:''For the island in Alaska, see Admiralty Island''.
The 'Admiralty Islands' are a group of 18 islands in the Bismarck Archipelago. These are also sometimes called the 'Manus Islands', named after the largest island. The islands form part of Manus Province of Papua New Guinea. The total area is 2,100 square kilometres, 810.814 square miles.
The larger islands in the group include Manus Island, Los Negros Island, Tong Island, Pak Island, Rambutyo Island, Lou Island, St Andrews Islands, Baluan Island, and Ndrova Island. Many of the islands are atolls and uninhabited.
The temperature of the Admiralty Islands varies little throughout the year, reaching daily highs of 30-32°C and 20-24°C at night. Average annual rainfall is 3,382 mm and is somewhat seasonal, with June-August being the wettest months.
Manus reaches an elevation of 700m and is volcanic in origin and probably broke through the ocean's surface in the late Miocene, 8-10 million years ago. The substrate of the island is either directly volcanic or from uplifted coral limestone.
Due to the isolated location of the islands, Admiralty Islands contain endemic species and is considered a separate ecoregion. The vegetation on the islands is broadly described as lowland tropical rain forest. The typical tree species in the forests are various ''Calophyllum'' and ''Sararanga'' species.[1] The majority of the forests on Manus still remain, but some of the smaller islands have been cleared for coconut farming. 58.5 km² Ndrolowa Wildlife Management Area was declared March 1985 south of Lorengau on Manus Island and contains both terrestrial and marine regions.[2] 240 km² protected area has been established around the highest mountain on Manus, Mt. Dremsel, but the level of protection is still undetermined in UNEP World Database on Protected Areas.[3]
Three of the bird species endemic to Admiralty Islands have been listed as vulvenerable in IUCN Red List: Manus Fantail (''Rhipidura semirubra''), Superb Pitta (''Pitta superba'') and Manus Masked Owl (''Tyto manusi''). Three other birds are endemic to Admiralty Islands but are classified as non-threatened or least concern: White-naped Friarbird (''Philemon albitorques''), Manus Monarch (''Monarcha infelix'') and Manus Hawk Owl (''Ninox meeki''). In addition Admiralty Islands is home to two endemic mammals: Admiralty Island Cuscus (''Spilocuscus kraemeri'') and local Mosaic-Tailed Rat (''Melomys matambuai'').
Between 1884 and 1914 the area was administered as a German colony.
In 1944, Japanese forces occupying the islands were attacked and defeated by Allied forces in Operation Brewer.
★ Admiralty Islands languages
1. Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests (World Wildlife Fund)
2. UNEP World Database on Protected Areas: Ndrolowa
3. UNEP World Database on Protected Areas: Mt. Dremsel
Map of Papua New Guinea. The Admiralty Islands are in the red area at the top of the map.
The 'Admiralty Islands' are a group of 18 islands in the Bismarck Archipelago. These are also sometimes called the 'Manus Islands', named after the largest island. The islands form part of Manus Province of Papua New Guinea. The total area is 2,100 square kilometres, 810.814 square miles.
The larger islands in the group include Manus Island, Los Negros Island, Tong Island, Pak Island, Rambutyo Island, Lou Island, St Andrews Islands, Baluan Island, and Ndrova Island. Many of the islands are atolls and uninhabited.
| Contents |
| Climate and geography |
| Ecology |
| History |
| See also |
| References and Notes |
Climate and geography
Manus is the largest of the Admiralty Islands.
The temperature of the Admiralty Islands varies little throughout the year, reaching daily highs of 30-32°C and 20-24°C at night. Average annual rainfall is 3,382 mm and is somewhat seasonal, with June-August being the wettest months.
Manus reaches an elevation of 700m and is volcanic in origin and probably broke through the ocean's surface in the late Miocene, 8-10 million years ago. The substrate of the island is either directly volcanic or from uplifted coral limestone.
Ecology
Due to the isolated location of the islands, Admiralty Islands contain endemic species and is considered a separate ecoregion. The vegetation on the islands is broadly described as lowland tropical rain forest. The typical tree species in the forests are various ''Calophyllum'' and ''Sararanga'' species.[1] The majority of the forests on Manus still remain, but some of the smaller islands have been cleared for coconut farming. 58.5 km² Ndrolowa Wildlife Management Area was declared March 1985 south of Lorengau on Manus Island and contains both terrestrial and marine regions.[2] 240 km² protected area has been established around the highest mountain on Manus, Mt. Dremsel, but the level of protection is still undetermined in UNEP World Database on Protected Areas.[3]
Three of the bird species endemic to Admiralty Islands have been listed as vulvenerable in IUCN Red List: Manus Fantail (''Rhipidura semirubra''), Superb Pitta (''Pitta superba'') and Manus Masked Owl (''Tyto manusi''). Three other birds are endemic to Admiralty Islands but are classified as non-threatened or least concern: White-naped Friarbird (''Philemon albitorques''), Manus Monarch (''Monarcha infelix'') and Manus Hawk Owl (''Ninox meeki''). In addition Admiralty Islands is home to two endemic mammals: Admiralty Island Cuscus (''Spilocuscus kraemeri'') and local Mosaic-Tailed Rat (''Melomys matambuai'').
History
Between 1884 and 1914 the area was administered as a German colony.
In 1944, Japanese forces occupying the islands were attacked and defeated by Allied forces in Operation Brewer.
See also
★ Admiralty Islands languages
References and Notes
1. Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests (World Wildlife Fund)
2. UNEP World Database on Protected Areas: Ndrolowa
3. UNEP World Database on Protected Areas: Mt. Dremsel
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