APéRITIF

An 'aperitif', 'apéritif' (Fr.), or 'aperitivo' (It.) is an alcoholic drink usually enjoyed as an appetizer before a large meal. It is often served with something small to eat, like olives or crackers.
The word is derived from the Latin verb "aperire", which means to open.

The apéritif indicates by extension the food-picking which can precede the meal. This includes finger food, usually pistachios, chips or peanuts. On broader terms, the apéritif applies to all types of food (small cakes, cut out fruits, pork-butcheries, tapas, cheeses and other imaginative assortments) which are served along the drinks, corresponding to the concept of tapas and Russian zakouski.
An apéritif can also refer to a social occasion involving cocktails and a light meal without the necessity of a meal afterwards.

Contents

History

Types of apéritif

See also

History

There is no consensus as to the origin of the apéritif. Some say the concept of drinking a small amount of alcohol before a meal dates back to Ancient Egyptian times. According to other records the apéritif first appeared in 1786 when Antonio Benedetto Carpano invented Vermouth in Turin, which would be sold in the next century by companies such as Martini, Cinzano, Gancia and others. Apéritifs became truly popular in the late 19th century in Europe. By 1900, having an apéritif before a meal was very common in the United States.
In Spain and some countries in Latin America, aperitifs have been a staple of Tapas-style cuisine for centuries.

Types of apéritif

There is no one particular type of alcohol that is always used for apéritifs, although liqueurs are common.
One of the most common apéritifs is sherry, but it varies from region to region. For example, in Greece, ouzo is a common apéritif, whereas in the United States, it would be rare to have ouzo as an apéritif. In the Czech Republic, a common type of apéritif is Becherovka, especially in the spa town of Karlovy Vary (Carlsbad).
In southern France, a common apéritif is Pastis which is another anise-based drink, with commonly found brands in France being Ricard, Pernod and Pastis 51. The French typically drink the aperitif diluted 1:5 with water in a tall glass. The water may be added by drizzling it into the glass through a slotted absinthe spoon on which one or more cubes of sugar are placed as part of the infusion. A notable feature of this drink is that it turns from a sombre yellow to opaque white when water is added. This is distinct from but closely related to absinthe, an alcoholic beverage containing a wider array of botanical extracts.
Also popular are "amaros" which are known as bitter drinks. These include Campari, Suze, Byrrh and Cinzano. Vermouth is also another popular apéritif. Bitter herbs like gentian, quinine, artichoke leaves, dandelion or angelica stimulate the gallbladder to release bile, which aids in the breakdown of food and proper elimination. Alcohol enhances the effects of the herbs.
The French also serve a digestif after meals, which is usually a strong spirit or liqueur. Usually, the digestif will be heavier and more alcoholic. Normally Port or Sherry are served as digestifs.
In Italy "aperitivo" is very popular, especially in the north of Italy. The offering with the pre-dinner drink can be as small as a few potato chips and olives to an elaborate buffet including hot dishes and sometimes fresh pizza. The latter is becoming an attraction in itself as many more bars aggressively compete for the "aperitivo" crowd.

See also

★ Digestif

★ History of alcohol