ARGENTINE AIR FORCES IN THE FALKLANDS WAR

This article describes the composition and actions of the Argentine 'air forces in the Falklands War' (Spanish:''Guerra de las Malvinas''). For an overview of the air forces of the United Kingdom, see British air services in the Falklands War.

Contents

Background

Organisation

Deployment

Units

Argentine traffic planes

Armament

Air Campaign

Casualties and aircraft losses

References

Literature

External links

Foreign Studies

Official Sites

Background

As Argentina triggered the War it would be reasonably to think they were prepared, and had a plan on how to defend the islands. The Military dictatorialship who governed the country at the time regarded the seizure of the Falklands as a political act, to obtain a diplomatic bargaining position and not as an act of war. Consequently they were taken by surprise when the United Kingdom responded with a large-scale mobilization, and a task force to retake the islands ^[1].
The Argentine Air Force (''Fuerza Aerea Argentina''; FAA) had never considered the possibility of waging a long-range naval air campaign against a major NATO power. It was not trained or equipped for such a mission. The FAA had only two tanker aircraft to serve the whole air force and navy, and its fighter-bomber Mirage IIIs and IAI Daggers were not equipped for aerial refueling. The FAA's training, tactics and equipment were focused on a possible war against Chile, resulting from disputes such as the Beagle conflict.^{[2] [3]}

The Chilean threat was a cause of great concern to the Argentina military during the war. The Chilean armed forces had deployed a significant force to Chile's common border with Argentina, and the FAA was forced to reinstate their retired F-86 Sabres to bolster Argentina's air defences. In Argentina's favour, Peru immediately offered its support to the Argentine cause, with the Peruvian Air Force even offering to fly combat missions. This was politely declined by the Argentine government. As the war progressed, Peru and Venezuela sent critical aircraft spare parts to Argentina, urgently needed by the FAA.
On paper, the 20 subsonic Sea Harriers could easily have been wiped out by the more than hundred Argentine combat planes, including many supersonic jets. The reality was different.

The long distances from their bases prevented them from using their top speed or they risked running out of fuel^[4]. Although, the Argentines had more aeroplanes than the British Task force, a good number of them were Pucara turboprops^[5]. Also, the A-4 Skyhawk force were dependent on the two available KC-130 tankers, limiting the amount of aeroplanes that could attack simultaneously^[6].
Argentina's fleet of A-4 Skyhawk attack jets was in very poor condition. The arms embargo placed by the United States in 1976, due to the "Dirty War", had made most airframes unusable. The involvement of Israel in helping to return the A-4 to full operational status has been alleged, but has never been confirmed. ^[7]
The small air arm of the Argentine Navy was in the middle of the transition from the A-4Q Skyhawk to the new Super Etendard. Only five of the Etendard's anti-ship Exocet missiles had been delivered at the time of the conflict, at which point an arms embargo prevented the delivery of further shipments. Navy pilots, particulary those of the 3rd Naval Fighters Squadron flying ''A-4Qs'' were the only trained in the specific art of bombing warships. Air Force pilots trained during April against the two Argentine Type 42 destroyers, similar to those of the British Fleet, and according the Naval officers all the sorties were ''shot down'' causing great concern to the High Command until the succesful May 1st strikes which they proved that aircraft could survive ^{[7] [9]}.
To complete the scene, the Argentine military aviation, had never been in a war since their creation, being the last conflict of the country more than a century ago.
In spite of these disadvantages, Argentine air units bore the brunt of the battle during the six-week war, and inflicted serious damage and losses to the naval forces of the United Kingdom. Low-flying jets attacking British ships would provide the world with some of the most sobering and dramatic images of the war. By the end of the conflict, the British forces had come to admire the FAA's spirited conduct in the face of an effective air defence network^[10] during the hostilities, but as always, air power alone cannot win a war. Admiral Sandy Woodward, the British Task Force commander said: "[t]he Argentine Air Force fought extremely well and we felt a great admiration for what they did."^[11]
According an American source, ships of the Royal Navy shot down 10% of the Argentine Air Force whilst 75% of the British Naval task force was damaged or sunk ^[12]

Organisation

The Air units involved in the Falklands War were under the following chain of command:

★ ' Military Junta' - Brigadier General ^{(Lieutenant General)} Basilio Lami Dozo

★
★ 'Air Defence Command' (Spanish: ''Comando Aereo de Defensa'' ) - Brigadier Jorge Hughes. Was in charge of the radar network, Mirage IIIEA interceptors and anti-aircraft defences on the mainland.

★
★ 'Strategic Air Command' (Spanish: ''Comando Aereo Estrategico'' ) - Brigadier Helmuth Weber. Coordinated air assets through all the country. The CAE also had the main role of long range maritime surveillance with Boeing 707s and C-130 Hercules.

★
★
★ 'Southern Air Force' (Spanish: ''Fuerza Aerea Sur'' ) - Brigadier Ernesto Crespo. The FAS was the main organisation involved in combat over the conflict zone.

★
★ 'South Atlantic Military Theatre' (Spanish: ''Teatro Operaciones Atlantico Sur'' ) - Vice Admiral Juan Lombardo. Basically a naval command with the role of coordinating the air, surface and submarine assets in the South Atlantic area. Initially, during the invasion of the Islands on 2 April and before hostilities broke out, the islands were supposedly to be under their command and was considered as the only organisation needed to managed the ''crisis''.

★
★
★ 'Falklands Military Garrison' (Spanish: ''Guarnicion Militar Malvinas'' ) - Brigade General Mario Menendez (Army)

★
★
★
★ 'Air Component' (Spanish: ''Componente Aereo'' ) - Brigadier Luis Castellano.

Deployment

Air units moved from home bases to southern facilities. Also feared about British/Chilean air strikes and/or SAS raids, Argentine aircraft were dispersed in the surrounding areas of their southern airfields, e.g., several parts of the national route #3 were used for this purpose.

★ Ezeiza International Airport, Buenos Aires

★
★ Boeing 707

★ NAS Almirante Zar, Trelew, Chubut Province

★
★ B.Mk62 Canberra

★ AFB Comodoro Rivadavia, IX Air Brigade, Chubut Province ''( FAS command site )'' ^map

★
★ KC/C-130 Hercules

★
★ Fokker F28

★
★ Escuadron Fenix

★
★ Mirage IIIEA

★
★ FMA IA 58 Pucará

★
★ CIC ''Comodoro'', air traffic control center

★ Airfield Puerto San Julián, Santa Cruz Province

★
★ IAI Dagger - ''La Marinete'' Squadron

★
★ A-4C Skyhawk

★
★ Cardion AN/TPS-44 radar w/ GADA 601 ''(Army)''

★ Airfield Puerto Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Province

★
★ A-4B Skyhawk

★ AFB Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz Province

★
★ Mirage IIIEA

★
★ A-4B Skyhawk

★
★ FMA IA 58 Pucará

★
★ CIC ''Gallegos'', air traffic control center

★ NAS Almirante Quijada, Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego

★
★ IAI Dagger - ''Las Avutardas Salvajes'' Squadron

★
★ A-4Q Skyhawk

★
★ Super Étendard

★
★ SP-2H Neptune

★ AFB Puerto Argentino, Port Stanley Airport, Falklands Islands

★
★ FMA IA 58 Pucará

★
★ Aermacchi MB.339A

★
★ T-34 Mentor

★
★ Helicopters from all services

★
★ CIC ''Malvinas'', AN/TPS-43 radar and anti-aircraft defences from all services

★ AFB Condor, Goose Green grass airfield, Falklands Islands

★
★ FMA IA 58 Pucará

★
★ Anti-aircraft cannons from Air Force

★ NAS Calderon, Pebble Island grass airfield, Falklands Islands

★
★ FMA IA 58 Pucará

★
★ T-34 Mentor

★
★ Short Skyvan ''Coast Guard''

★ Aircraft carrier ARA Veinticinco de Mayo (V-2), _{April 2nd to May 3rd}

★
★ McDonnell Douglas A-4Q Skyhawk

★
★ Grumman S-2E Tracker

★
★ Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King

Units

The numbers in bold are the number of aircraft engaged in combat without counting those in reserve, the numbers in brackets are the number of lost aircraft.



===Argentine Air Force===
''Fuerza Aérea Argentina''

★ 1st Air Brigade -

★
★ Lockheed C-130H Hercules, '7 (1)'

★
★ Lockheed KC-130H Hercules Tanker '2'

★
★ Boeing 707 '1'

★
★ Fokker F-28 '6'

★
★ Fokker F-27 '12'

★ 2nd Air Brigade - English Electric B.Mk62 Canberra '8 (2)'

★
★ Grupo Aérofotográfico - Learjet 35A-L '2 (1)'

★ 3rd Air Brigade -

★
★ Falkland Islands - FMA IA 58 Pucará '24 (13)'

★
★ Comodoro Rivadavia - FMA IA 58 Pucará '? (1)'

★ 4th Air Brigade - McDonnell Douglas A-4C Skyhawk '15 (9)'

★ 5th Air Brigade - McDonnell Douglas A-4B Skyhawk '<35 (10)'

★ 6th Air Brigade - Israel Aircraft Industries Dagger '30 (11)'

★ 7th Air Brigade -

★
★ Boeing CH-47C Chinook '2'

★
★ Bell 212 '2'

★ 8th Air Brigade - Dassault Mirage IIIEA '17 (2)'
===Argentine Navy===
''Comando de Aviación Naval Argentina''

★ 1st Naval Air Attack Squadron - Aermacchi MB.339A '6 (2)'

★ 2nd Naval Air Fighter/Attack Squadron - Dassault Super Étendard '4' (sn. 3-A-201 was cannibalized for spare parts)

★ 3rd Naval Air Fighter/Attack Squadron - McDonnell Douglas A-4Q Skyhawk '8 (3)'

★ Naval Air Antisubmarine Squadron - Grumman S-2E Tracker '6'

★ Naval Air Training Squadron - Beechcraft T-34 Mentor '4 (4)'

★ Naval Air Exploration Squadron - Lockheed SP-2H Neptune '2' (both retired by end of May due airframe attrition)

★ 1st Naval Air Helicopter Squadron -

★
★ Aérospatiale Alouette AI03 '10 (1)'

★
★ Sea Lynx '2 (1)'

★ 2nd Naval Air Helicopter Squadron - Sikorsky SH-3 Sea King '5'

★ Naval Air Transport Squadrons -

★
★ Lockheed L-188 Electra '3'

★
★ Fokker F-28 '3'
===Argentine Army===
''Comando de Aviación del Ejército Argentino''

★ 601 Army Aviation Battalion -

★
★ Boeing CH-47C Chinook '2 (1)'

★
★ Agusta A109 '3 (1)'

★
★ Bell UH-1H Iroquois '9'

★
★ Aérospatiale Puma SA330L '5 (5).'


★
★ South Georgia April 3rd - Aérospatiale Puma SA330L '1 (1)'
===Argentine Coast Guard===
''Prefectura Naval Argentina''

★ Aviation Service -

★
★ Aérospatiale Puma SA330L '1'

★
★ Short Skyvan '2 (2)'

Argentine traffic planes

★ Escuadrón Fénix — '30' civilian business planes:
::Gates Learjet, Cessna Citation, Hawker Siddeley HS-125, Commander 690 and Mitsubishi MU-2.

★ Aerolineas Argentinas and Austral airlines:
::Boeing 737 ^[14] and Douglas DC-9 (airlift to Patagonia and Port Stanley).

Armament

★ 'Machineguns and cannons':

★
★ 7.62 mm FM M2-20: ''Pucaras''

★
★ 20 mm Colt Mk.12 Cannon: ''A-4s''

★
★ 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.804 Cannon: ''Pucaras''

★
★ 30 mm DEFA cannon: ''IAI Daggers'' and ''Mirage IIIEA''

★ 'Unguided rockets':

★
★ 70 mm: ''MB339s''

★
★ 105 mm: ''Pucaras''

★ 'Missiles':

★
★ Air-to-Air:

★
★
★ AIM-9B Sidewinder short-range IR: only Navy ''A-4Q Skyhawks'' up to May 1

★
★
★ Rafael Shafrir 2 short-range IR: only ''IAI Daggers'' on May 1

★
★
★ Matra R550 Magic short-range IR: received April 15th for ''Mirage IIIEA'' ^[15]

★
★
★ Matra R530 short-range semi-active radar: ''Mirage IIIEA''

★
★ Air-to-Surface:

★
★
★ Aérospatiale AM.39 Exocet Anti-Ship Missile: 5 units on ''Super Etendards''

★
★
★ By the end of May they arrived at Tandil AFB (Daggers home base) MBDA AS 30 air-ground missiles delivered by the Peruvian Air Force but the war ended before they could be used.

★ 'Unguided retarders General Purpose Bomb': Thirteen unexploded bombs^[16] hit British ships without detonating as they were thrown from very low altitude and there was insufficient time in the air for them to arm themselves. The problem was solved by June with new fuzes (Kappa) bought in Spain .

★
★ US built Mark 82 (500 lb / 227 kg) : ''A-4s'' and ''IAI Daggers''

★
★ British built "1000 lbs" (450 kg) : ''A-4s'', ''IAI Daggers'' and ''Canberras''

★
★ Napalm^[17]: ''Pucaras''

Air Campaign

★ Attack Missions:
!width="150"|System
!width="600"|Obs
|-----
| Ships Sunk
| HMS ''Sheffield'', HMS ''Coventry'', HMS ''Ardent'', HMS ''Antelope'', RFA ''Sir Galahad'', ''Atlantic Conveyor'' plus a Landing Craft Utility ^{("Foxtrot Four" from ''Fearless'')}
|-----
| Ships Damaged ^[18]
| ''HMS Glasgow'', HMS ''Antrim'', HMS ''Brilliant'', HMS ''Broadsword'', HMS ''Alacrity'', HMS ''Arrow'', HMS ''Argonaut'', HMS ''Plymouth'', RFA ''Sir Bedivere'', RFA ''Sir Lancelot'', RFA ''Sir Tristram'', RFA ''Stromness''
|-----
| A-4 Skyhawk
| 133 sorties by the A-4B and 86 by the A-4C. They flew with unreliable ejection seats due to the US embargo placed from 1977. Naval A-4Q performed 12 sorties. They were highly dependent on the two available KC-130 tankers, limiting the number of aeroplanes that could attack simultaneously.
|-----
| Canberra
| 46 bombing sorties against ground targets, operating from Trelew, to avoid more congestion on the closer southern airfields.
|-----
| Dagger
| 153 sorties against naval/ground targets by the two squadrons. Their lack of aerial refueling capacity severely affected their performance without any chance of manouvering over the islands. They were obliged to fly the shortest flightpath and had less than 10 minutes to find their targets. The discovery of their approach corridor by the British led to 7 aircraft being shot down by Sea Harriers CAP, something just realized when one of the downed Dagger pilots was recovered by own troops. By the end of May they began carrying an improvised chaff dispenser consisting of aluminium strips inside their airbrakes.
|-----
!Total Sorties:
| The above figures shown a total of 430 attack sorties from the mainland of which 18 aircraft were intercepted by the Sea Harriers and other 14 were shot down by anti aircraft defences.
|}

★ Other Missions:
!width="150"|System
!width="600"|Obs
|-----
| Mirage IIIEA
| British sources claimed that they were withdrawn from operations over the islands to protect the mainland against Vulcan strikes, however, they made 58 sorties providing decoys for the strike units with particular success on the 8. June attacks against the British landings ships ^[19]. Their lesser internal fuel capacity, compared to the ''Daggers'', prevented them from being used in their escort role.
|-----
| IA 58 Pucará
| They performed reconnaissance and ground attack missions from the Falklands airfields and surveillance of the Patagonian coast from bases in Southern Argentina. Most of the island-based Pucarás were destroyed on the ground, due to the lack of Hardened Aircraft Shelters. They shot down a Royal Marines Westland Scout.
|-----
| Fenix Squadron
| 126 decoying plus 52 reconnaissance sorties. They were also extensively used as communications relay and pathfinder flights to guide the combat jets with the Learjets’ superior navigation systems.
|-----
| C-130 Hercules
| 33 night flights to BAM Puerto Argentino in May/June (Blockade runner). Among the cargo transported in those flight were the 602 Army Commandos Coy, 155mm CITEFA cannons, an Exocet launcher, the Roland SAM system and a RASIT radar replacement. They evacuated 263 wounded and a British PoW in their returning flights.
Starting 15 May, they also took over the dangerous task of searching for naval targets for the strike units, after the retirement of the last SP-2H Neptune available. On one of these daylight missions, a Hercules was intercepted and shot down by a Sea Harrier.
29 May, the British tanker ''British Wye'' was hit by bombs dropped by a Hercules, north of South Georgia^{[20] (Not officially recognized by the FAA)}
|-----
| KC-130 Hercules
| Refueling sorties for A-4s and Super Étendards, also for battle damaged fighters.
|-----
| Fokker F-28s _''Navy''
| 15 night flights to BAM Puerto Argentino in May/June (Blockade runner)
|-----
| Army Aviation
| 796 helicopter flights on the islands
|-----
| 1st Air Brigade Construction Group _{Air Force}
| In charge of maintaining Port Stanley airbase operable. Throughout the conflict, the airport installations were attacked with 237 bombs, 1,200 shells from the Royal Navy gunline and 16 missiles, however, it was never out of action entirely. The runway was covered with piles of dirt during the day causing British intelligence to surmise that repairs were still in progress. Craters were in fact heaps of earth placed there to make it look as though the runway was damaged. This deception misled the British as to the condition of the airfield and the success of their raids. ^{[21] [22]}.
|}

Casualties and aircraft losses

★ 'Human losses':

★
★ 6 Army aviation

★
★ 4 Naval aviation

★
★ 55 Argentine Air Force members ^[23]

★
★
★ 29 pilots

★
★
★ 12 air crew (6 on C-130H shot down June 1, 4 on Learjet LJ-35A shot down June 7 and 2 Canberra navigators)

★
★
★ 14 Ground crew

★ 'Aircraft Lost in the Air': _{no suffix: ''Air Force''}
It should be noticed that the Argentine aircraft didn't carry air-to-air missiles, with the exception of 8th Air Brigade Mirage IIIEA fighters and 6th Air Brigade Daggers on May 1st (Lt Ardiles).
|-----
| 11
| IAI Dagger A
| 9 by Sea Harrier^[24] , 1 Sea Wolf HMS ''Broadsword''^[25], 1SAM Rapier ^[26]
|-----
| 10
| A-4B Skyhawk
| 3^[27] by Sea Harrier, 3^[28] Sea Wolf HMS ''Brilliant'', 1^[29] Sea Dart, 1^[30] AAA HMS ''Fearless'', 1^[31] SAM/AAA/small arms fire and 1^[32] friendly fire
|-----
| 7
| A-4C Skyhawk
| 2^[33] by Sea Harrier, 3^[34] Sea Dart, 2^[35] combination Sea Cat/Rapier/Blowpipe
|-----
| 3
| FMA IA 58 Pucará
| 1^[36] by Sea Harrier, 1 SAM Stinger, 1 small arms fire 2nd PARA
|-----
| 3
| A-4Q Skyhawk ''Navy''
| 3^[37] by Sea Harrier. (''The 3rd was ordered to eject after attempting to land at Port Stanley'')
|-----
| 2
| Mirage IIIEA
| 1^[38] by Sea Harrier, 1^[39] friendly fire
|-----
| 2
| B.Mk62 Canberra
| 1^[40] by Sea Harrier, 1^[41] Sea Dart
|-----
| 1
| C-130E Hercules
| 1^[42] by Sea Harrier
|-----
| 1
| Aermacchi MB.339A ''Navy''
| 1^[43] by Blowpipe
|-----
| 1
| Learjet 35A
| 1^[44] by SAM Sea Dart
|-----
| 3
| Puma SA330L ''Army''
| 1 by SAM Sea Dart, 2 gun fire
|-----
| 1
| Puma SA330L ''Army''
| Royal Marines gun fire in Georgias, April 3
|-----
|}

★ 'Destroyed on the ground'

★
★ 9 FMA IA 58 Pucará

★
★ 1 Agusta A109 ''Army''

★
★ 1 Boeing Ch-47C Chinook ''Army''

★
★ 2 Aérospatiale Puma SA330L ''Army''

★
★ 4 Beechcraft T-34 Mentor ''Navy''

★
★ 2 Skyvan 3-M ''Coast Guard''

★ 'Captured after the war'

★
★ 11 FMA IA 58 Pucará

★
★ 2 Agusta A109 ''Army''

★
★ 9 Bell UH-1H Iroquois ''Army''

★
★ 1 Boeing CH-47C Chinook ''Army''

★
★ 1 Aérospatiale Puma SA330L ''Coast Guard''

★
★ 3 Aermacchi MB.339A ''Navy''

★
★ 2 Bell 212

★ 'Lost with ARA ''General Belgrano'''

★
★ 1 Aérospatiale Alouette AI03 ''Navy''

★ 'Flying accident in the war zone'

★
★ 1^[45] Westland Lynx HAS.Mk.23 ''Navy'' — 2nd May, hit ARA ''Santísima Trinidad''

★
★ 2 FMA IA 58 Pucará — 28th May^[46], hit ground, recovered in 1986, 24th May^[47][48].

★
★ 1 Aermacchi MB.339A ''Navy'' — 3rd May, bad weather crash

★
★ 2^[49] McDonnell Douglas A-4C Skyhawk — 9th May, South Jason Island

★ 'Total'
75 fixed wing aircraft and 25 helicopters.

References

★ FAA Commodore Ruben Oscar Moro ''La Guerra Inaudita'', 2000 ISBN 987-96007-3-8

★ ''Dagger & Finger en Argentina'' ISBN 987-43-8536-7 book link

★ Frédéric Marsaly: ''Super Étendard au Combat: la saga d'un guerrier'', Aviation Française Magazine, Jan/Feb 2007, ISSN 1951-9583.
1. Argentine Airpower in the Falklands War
2. Argentine Airpower in the Falklands War
3. Offensive Air Operations Of The Falklands War - USMC
4. "the Mach 2 Mirage and Dagger which in low-level attack are extremely subsonic. ..while low-level attacks by the Argentine aircraft..there would not be a lot of fuel to spare, especially if afterburner was used." page 42 in ''Aviation Fact File - Harrier'', 1984
5. "The Argentine-built Pucará counter-insurgency aircraft proved its worth in numerous attacks on British land forces, and it was even used to attack shipping. About 75 Pucarás were in service at the start of the conflict." page 33 in Antony Preston:''Sea Combat off the Falklands'', 1982, Willow Books, ISBN 00-218046-4
6. "Two A-4B Skyhawks warplanes of the Grupo 5 link up...after topping up their tanks from a KC-130H tanker." page 62 in ''Air War in the Falklands 1982'', 2001
7. Commodore Ruben Oscar Moro ''La Guerra Inaudita'', 2000 ISBN 987-96007-3-8
8. Commodore Ruben Oscar Moro ''La Guerra Inaudita'', 2000 ISBN 987-96007-3-8
9. HALCONES SOBRE MALVINAS, ISBN 950-9294-07-1
10. Chapter 12:"The British were awed by the courage of the Argentine pilots, flying suicidally low to attack, then vanishing amid flashes of pursuing Sea Cat, Blowpipe, Rapier, racing across the sky behind them. Alone among the enemy's three services, the air force seemed highly motivated and utterly committed to the battle. 'We should have been able to work out that any nation which produces first-class Formula One racing drivers is also likely to turn out some pretty good pilots.'" - Hastings, Max: ''The Battle for the Falklands'' (1983) Michael Joseph Ltd ISBN 0-7181-2228-3
11. clarin newspaperClarin newspaper Woodward Interview
''La fuerza aérea peleó extremadamente bien y nosotros sentimos una gran admiración por lo que hicieron''
12. Hughes, Wayne P. Fleet Tactics: Theory and Practice. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press
13. http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj02/fal02/corum.html
14. http://www.malvinasmdp.org.ar/Images/Fotos/M085.jpg
15. 'Official FAA magazine' ''hacia el 15 Abr se producía la recepción de los misiles Matra 550 Magic adquiridos tiempo antes''

16. Battle Atlas of the Falklands War 1982 — British ships lost & damaged.
17. Chapter 21 The Bridgehead and Beyond, the battle for Darwin and Goose Green:"In late afternoon Pucaras attacked the British forces, two dropping napalm tanks which only just missed forward troops. Two Pucaras were shot down during the battle, along with an Aeromacchi [''sic'']. - Lawrence Freedman, ''Signals of War, The Falklands Conflict of 1982'', 1990, Faber and Faber-London, ISBN 0-571-14116-1

18. Sir Lawrence Freedman: ''The Official History of the Falklands Campaign'', 2005, Routledge, ISBN 0-7146-5207-5
19. Official FAA Magazine
20. Sir Lawrence Freedman: The Official History of the Falklands Campaign, 2005, Routledge, ISBN 0-7146-5207-5
:"''British Wye'', carrying fuel for the Task Force, came under attack by a modified C-130 Hercules...eight bombs were released, one of which struck the tanker without exploding.
21. Offensive Air Operations Of The Falklands War - USMC
22. http://www.britains-smallwars.com/Falklands/vulcan.htm The Avro Vulcan and the Black Buck raids
23. http://www.fuerzaaerea.mil.ar/conflicto/caidos.html
24. SN:
C-403, May21, Sea Harrier ZA190/"009", pilot Capt. Donadille ejected,
C-404, May21, Sea Harrier ZA190/"009", pilot Maj. Piuma ejected,
C-407, May21, Sea Harrier ZA175/"004", pilot Lt. Senn ejected,
C-409, May21, Sea Harrier XZ455/"12", pilot Lt. Luna ejected,
C-410, May24, Sea Harrier ZA193/"93", pilot Lt. Castillo killed,
C-419, May24, Sea Harrier XZ457/"14". pilot Maj. Puga ejected,
C-430, May24, Sea Harrier XZ457/"14". pilot Capt. Diaz ejected,
C-433, May1, Sea Harrier XZ455/"12". pilot Lt. Ardiles killed,
C-437, May23, Sea Harrier ZA194. pilot Lt. Volponi killed
25. SN: C-428, May21, pilot Lt. Bean killed
26. SN: C-436, May29, pilot Lt. Bernhardt killed
27. SN: C-204, C-226 and C-228
28. SN: C-206, C-208 and C-246
29. SN: C-244
30. SN: C-215
31. SN: C-242
32. SN: C-248
33. SN: C-309 and C-325
34. SN: C-301, C-304 and C-310
35. SN: C-305 and C-319
36. SN: A-5??
37. SN: 3-A-307, 3-A-312 and 3-A-314
38. SN: I-015
39. SN: I-019
40. SN: B-110
41. SN: B-108
42. SN: TC-63
43. SN: 4-A-1??
44. SN: T-2?
45. SN: 3-H-42
46. http://www.fuerzaaerea.mil.ar/conflicto/caidos/baja26.html
47. http://www.fuerzaaerea.mil.ar/conflicto/caidos/baja36.html
48. According to www.naval-history.net/F64argaircraftlost.htm a Pucará was lost over the Atlantic on a reconnaissance mission from Comodoro Rivadavia
49. SN: C-303 and C-313


★ British site about Argentine Aircraft lost

★ Britains Small Wars.com

Literature

★ Chant, C.: ''Air War in the Falklands 1982'', 2001, Osprey Publishing, ISBN 1-84176-293-8

★ Gunston, B.: ''Aviation Fact File (Modern Fighting Aircraft) - Harrier'', 1984, Salamander Books Ltd., ISBN 0-86101-128-7

External links

Foreign Studies

★ Argentine Airpower in the Falklands War - Analysis and Conclusions

★ Argentina's Tactical Aircraft Employment in the Falklands Islands War - Air Command and Staff College, Air University, USAF

Official Sites

★ Argentine Air Force (FAA) official site about the Malvinas/Falkland Air War

★ Argentine Coast Guard (PNA) official site about the Malvinas/Falkland War

★ YouTube video Argentine Air Force on the Falklands War