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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

Liturgical observances

External links

Events

★ 338 BC - A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean.

★ 216 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of Cannae - The Carthaginian army lead by Hannibal defeats a numerically superior Roman army under command of consuls Lucius Aemilius Paullus and Gaius Terentius Varro.

★ 1610 - Henry Hudson sails into what it is now known as Hudson Bay, thinking he had made it through the Northwest Passage and reached the Pacific Ocean.

★ 1776 - Delegates to the Continental Congress begin signing the United States Declaration of Independence.

★ 1790 - The first US Census is conducted.

★ 1798 - French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay) concludes in an British victory

★ 1869 - Japan's samurai, farmer, artisan, merchant class system (Shinōkōshō) is abolished as part of the Meiji Restoration reforms. (Traditional Japanese date: June 25, 1869).

★ 1870 - Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway, opens in London.

★ 1903 - Fall of the Ottoman Empire: Unsuccessful uprising of the Bulgarians in the region of Macedonia from the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization against Ottoman Turkey, also known as the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising.

★ 1916 - World War I: Austrian sabotage causes the sinking of the Italian battleship ''Leonardo da Vinci'' in Taranto.

★ 1918 - Japan announces that it is deploying troops to Siberia in the aftermath of World War I.

★ 1931 - Einstein urges all scientists to refuse military work.

★ 1932 - The positron (antiparticle of the electron) was discovered by Carl D. Anderson.

★ 1934 - Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany.

★ 1937 - The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 is passed in America, essentially rendering marijuana and all its by-products illegal.

★ 1939 - Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd write a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt urging him to begin the Manhattan project to develop a nuclear weapon.

★ 1943 - Rebellion in the Nazi death camp of Treblinka.

★ 1943 - World War II: PT-109 rammed by the Japanese destroyer ''Amagiri ''and sinks. Lt. John F. Kennedy, future US President, saves all but two of his crew.

★ 1945 - World War II: Potsdam Conference, in which the Allied Powers discuss the future of defeated Germany, concludes.

★ 1964 - Vietnam War: Gulf of Tonkin Incident - North Vietnamese gunboats allegedly fires on U.S. destroyers, USS ''Maddox'' and the USS ''Turner Joy''.

★ 1967 - The second Blackwall Tunnel opens in Greenwich, London.

★ 1980 - A bomb explodes at the railway station in Bologna, Italy, killing 85 people and wounding more than 200.

★ 1985 - Delta Air Lines Flight 191, a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar crashes at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport killing 137.

★ 1990 - Gulf War: Iraq invades Kuwait, eventually leading to conflict with coalition forces.

Births

★ 1533 - Theodor Zwinger, Swiss scholar (d. 1588)

★ 1672 - Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss scholar (d. 1733)

★ 1674 - Philip II, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France (d. 1723)

★ 1696 - Mahmud I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1754)

★ 1703 - Lorenzo Ricci, Italian Jesuit leader (d. 1775)

★ 1754 - Pierre Charles L'Enfant, French-born architect and city planner (d. 1825)

★ 1788 - Leopold Gmelin, German chemist (d. 1853)

★ 1815 - Adolf Friedrich von Schack, German writer (d. 1894)

★ 1834 - Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor (d. 1904)

★ 1835 - Elisha Gray, American inventor and entrepreneur (d. 1901)

★ 1865 - Irving Babbitt, American literary critic (d. 1933)

★ 1865 - John Radecki, Australian stained glass artist (d. 1955)

★ 1868 - King Constantine I of Greece (d. 1923)

★ 1871 - John French Sloan, American artist (d. 1951)

★ 1875 - Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Russian artist (d. 1957)

★ 1878 - Georg Hackenschmidt, Estonian wrestler (d. 1968)

★ 1882 - Red Ames, baseball player (d. 1936)

★ 1890 - Marin Sais, American actress (d. 1971)

★ 1891 - Viktor Maksimovich Zhirmunsky, Russian literary historian, linguist (d. 1971)

★ 1892 - Jack Warner, Canadian film producer (d. 1978)

★ 1896 - Lorenzo Herrera, Venezuelan singer and composer (d. 1960)

★ 1897 - Max Weber, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 1974)

★ 1897 - Karl Otto Koch, German SS-officer (d. 1945)

★ 1899 - Charles Bennett, British screenwriter (d. 1995)

★ 1900 - Helen Morgan, American actress (d. 1941)

★ 1905 - Karl Amadeus Hartmann, German composer (d. 1963)

★ 1905 - Myrna Loy, American actress (d. 1993)

★ 1907 - Mary Hamman, American writer (d. 1984)

★ 1910 - Roger MacDougall, writer (d. 1993)

★ 1912 - Vladimir Zerjavic, Croatian statistician (d. 2001)

★ 1912 - Ann Dvorak, American actress (d. 1979)

★ 1914 - Beatrice Straight, American actress (d. 2001)

★ 1914 - Félix Leclerc, Quebec singer, songwriter and writer (d. 1988)

★ 1915 - Gary Merrill, American actor (d. 1990)

★ 1923 - Shimon Peres, Israeli politician.

★ 1924 - James Baldwin, American author (d. 1987)

★ 1924 - Carroll O'Connor, American actor (d. 2001)

★ 1925 - Jorge Rafael Videla, Argentinian dictator

★ 1925 - Alan Whicker, British journalist and broadcaster

★ 1930 - Vali Myers (artist), Australian painter (d. 2003)

★ 1931 - Pierre DuMaine, Catholic bishop

★ 1931 - Viliam Schrojf, Slovakian football goalkeeper (d. 2007)

★ 1932 - Lamar Hunt, American sports executive (d. 2006)

★ 1932 - Peter O'Toole, Irish-born actor

★ 1934 - Valery Bykovsky, cosmonaut

★ 1935 - Hank Cochran, American country music singer and songwriter

★ 1937 - Garth Hudson, Canadian musician (The Band)

★ 1938 - Pierre de Bané, French Canadian politician

★ 1939 - Wes Craven, American film director

★ 1941 - Doris Coley, American singer (Shirelles) (d. 2000)

★ 1942 - Isabel Allende, Chilean author

★ 1943 - Max Wright, American actor

★ 1943 - Tom Burgmeier, American baseball player

★ 1944 - Jim Capaldi, British musician and songwriter (Traffic) (d. 2005)

★ 1945 - Joanna Cassidy, American actress

★ 1945 - Alex Jesaulenko, Australian footballer

★ 1947 - Massiel, Spanish singer

★ 1948 - Andy Fairweather Low, British guitarist

★ 1948 - Dennis Prager, American radio talk show host and author

★ 1949 - James Fallows, American journalist

★ 1950 - Lance Ito, American judge

★ 1950 - Sue Rodriguez, Canadian assisted suicide advocate (d. 1994)

★ 1951 - Andrew Gold, American musician and songwriter

★ 1951 - Per Westerberg, Swedish politician

★ 1951 - Joe Lynn Turner, American Singer (Deep Purple and Rainbow (band))

★ 1953 - Butch Patrick, American actor

★ 1953 - Marjo, Quebec singer

★ 1954 - Sammy McIlroy, Northern Irish footballer and manager

★ 1955 - Caleb Carr, American novelist and military historian

★ 1956 - Fulvio Melia, Italian-American physicist/astrophysicist and author

★ 1956 - Jim Neidhart, American professional wrestler

★ 1956 - Isabel Pantoja, Spanish singer

★ 1957 - Mojo Nixon, American musician and actor

★ 1959 - Victoria Jackson, American comedian

★ 1959 - Apollonia Kotero, American singer and actress

★ 1960 - Neal Morse, American musician (Spock's Beard and Transatlantic)

★ 1961 - Linda Fratianne, American figure skater

★ 1964 - Mary-Louise Parker, American actress

★ 1966 - Tim Wakefield, American baseball player

★ 1967 - Aaron Krickstein, American tennis player

★ 1967 - Aline Brosh McKenna, American screenwriter

★ 1969 - Fernando Couto, Portuguese footballer

★ 1969 - Richard Hallebeek, Dutch guitarist

★ 1970 - Tony Amonte, American ice hockey player

★ 1970 - Kevin Smith, American director and screenwriter

★ 1971 - Michael Hughes, Irish footballer

★ 1972 - Jacinda Barrett, Australian model and actress

★ 1972 - Jimmy Pop, American musician (The Bloodhound Gang)

★ 1972 - Justyna Steczkowska, Polish singer

★ 1973 - Hiroyuki Goto, Japanese game designer

★ 1974 - Jeremy Castle, American singer and songwriter

★ 1974 - Angie Cepeda, Colombian actress

★ 1975 - Mineiro, Brazilian footballer

★ 1975 - Xu Huaiwen, Chinese-born badminton player

★ 1976 - Sam Worthington, Australian actor

★ 1977 - Edward Furlong, American actor

★ 1982 - Hélder Postiga, Portuguese footballer

★ 1982 - Grady Sizemore, American baseball player

★ 1983 - Nick Diaz, American MMA fighter

★ 1984 - Giampaolo Pazzini, Italian footballer

★ 1985 - Harry Smith, Canadian professional wrestler

★ 1986 - Mathieu Razanakolona, Malagasy skier

★ 1988 - Brittany Hargest, American singer (Jump5)

★ 1992 - Hallie Kate Eisenberg, American actress

Deaths

★ 686 - Pope John V

★ 924 - Ælfweard of Wessex

★ 1100 - King William II of England

★ 1222 - Count Raymond VI of Toulouse (b. 1156)

★ 1511 - Andrew Barton, Scottish naval leader

★ 1589 - King Henry III of France (b. 1551)

★ 1611 - Kato Kiyomasa, Japanese warlord and samurai (b. 1562)

★ 1696 - Robert Campbell of Glenlyon, Scottish military commander (b. 1630)

★ 1769 - Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea, English politician (b. 1689)

★ 1776 - Louis François I, Prince of Conti, French military leader (b. 1717)

★ 1788 - Thomas Gainsborough, English artist (b. 1727)

★ 1815 - Guillaume Marie Anne Brune, French marshal (b. 1763)

★ 1823 - Lazare Carnot, French general, politician, and mathematician (b. 1753)

★ 1849 - Governor Muhammad Ali of Egypt (b. 1769)

★ 1859 - Horace Mann, American educator and abolitionist (b. 1796)

★ 1876 - James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok, American gunfighter (b. 1837)

★ 1889 - Eduardo Gutiérrez, Argentinian author (b. 1851)

★ 1890 - Louise-Victorine Ackermann, French poet (b. 1813)

★ 1903 - Edmond Nocard, French veterinarian (b. 1850)

★ 1920 - Ormer Locklear, American stunt pilot (b. 1891)

★ 1921 - Enrico Caruso, Italian tenor (b. 1873)

★ 1922 - Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-born inventor (b. 1847)

★ 1923 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)

★ 1934 - Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and President of Germany (b. 1847)

★ 1936 - Louis Blériot, French aviation pioneer (b. 1872)

★ 1939 - Harvey Spencer Lewis, American Rosacrucian mystic (b. 1883)

★ 1945 - Pietro Mascagni, Italian composer (b. 1863)

★ 1955 - Alfred Lépine, French Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1901)

★ 1972 - Helen Hoyt, American poet (b. 1887)

★ 1972 - Brian Cole, American bass player (The Association) (b. 1942)

★ 1973 - Jean-Pierre Melville, French film director (b. 1917)

★ 1974 - W. Douglas Hawkes, British racing driver (b. 1893)

★ 1976 - Fritz Lang, Austrian film director (b. 1890)

★ 1978 - Carlos Chávez, Mexican composer (b. 1899)

★ 1979 - Thurman Munson, American baseball player (b. 1947)

★ 1986 - Roy Cohn, American politician (b. 1927)

★ 1988 - Raymond Carver, American writer (b. 1938)

★ 1988 - Joe Carcione, American consumer advocate (b. 1914)

★ 1990 - Norman Mclean, American writer (b. 1902)

★ 1992 - Michel Berger, French singer and songwriter (b. 1947)

★ 1996 - Michel Debré, French politician (b. 1912)

★ 1997 - William S. Burroughs, American writer (b. 1914)

★ 1998 - Shari Lewis, American puppeteer (b. 1933)

★ 2001 - Ron Townson, American singer (The Fifth Dimension) (b. 1933)

★ 2003 - Don Estelle, British actor (b. 1933)

★ 2003 - Mike Levey, American television personality (b. 1948)

★ 2003 - Peter Safar, Austrian physician (b. 1924)

★ 2004 - Don Tosti, American musician (b. 1923)

★ 2004 - François Craenhals, Belgian comics artist (b. 1926)

★ 2007 - Chauncey Bailey, American journalist and editor (b. 1950)

★ 2007 - Holden Roberto, Angolan founder and leader of the FNLA (b. 1923)

★ 2007 - Kay Dotrice, English repertory actress (b. 1929)

Holidays and observances

★ Costa Rica - Our Lady of the Angels.

★ Bulgaria/Republic of Macedonia - Ilinden (St. Ilya Day), a day of remembrance of the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie Uprising.

★ Day of Airborne Forces in Russia.

★ Day of Azerbaijani cinema

Liturgical observances

★ Basil Fool for Christ in the Russian Orthodox Church

★ Ilya the Prophet in the Russian Orthodox Church.

★ Saint Abel in the Syrian church
Roman Catholicism

★ Saint Alphonsus Mary de Ligouri

★ Translation of Saint Alban, martyr (protomartyr of England) [England]

★ Saint Auspicius, bishop of Apt, martyr [Apt]

★ Saint Eusebius, bishop of Vercelli

★ Saint Gaudentius, bishop of Chur, martyr [Chur]

★ Saint Peter Julian Eymard

★ Saint Stephen I, pope, martyr [common; 6082, in red]

★ Saint Etheldritha/Alfrida

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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