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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

External links

Events

★ 325 - Council of Nicea convened by Emperor Constantine.

★ 1537 - The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, is formed.

★ 1580 - Battle of Alcântara. Spain defeats Portugal.

★ 1609 - Galileo Galilei demonstrates his first telescope to Venetian lawmakers.

★ 1718 - New Orleans, Louisiana is founded.

★ 1758 - Seven Years' War: Frederick II of Prussia defeats the Russian army at the Battle of Zorndorf.

★ 1768 - James Cook begins his first voyage.

★ 1814 - Washington, D.C. is burned and White House is destroyed by British forces during the War of 1812.

★ 1825 - Uruguay declares its independence from Brazil.

★ 1830 - The Belgian Revolution begins.

★ 1835 - The ''New York Sun'' perpetrates the Great Moon Hoax.

★ 1894 - Shibasaburo Kitasato discovers the infectious agent of the bubonic plague and publishes his findings in ''The Lancet''.

★ 1910 - Yellow Cab is founded.

★ 1912 - The Kuomintang, the Chinese nationalist party, is founded.

★ 1916 - The United States National Park Service is created.

★ 1920 - Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw, started on August 13, now ends. The Red Army is defeated.

★ 1942 - World War II: Battle of Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea.

★ 1942 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of the Eastern Solomons. A Japanese naval transport convoy headed towards Guadalcanal is turned-back by Allied air attack, losing one destroyer and one transport sunk, and one light cruiser heavily damaged.

★ 1944 - World War II: Paris is liberated by the Allies.

★ 1945 – About ten days after World War II ended with Japan announcing its surrender, armed supporters of the Communist Party of China killed Baptist missionary 'John Birch', regarded by a portion of the American right as the first victim of the Cold War.

★ 1950 - President Harry Truman orders the US Army to seize control of the nation's railroads to avert a strike.

★ 1981 - Voyager 2 spacecraft makes its closest approach to Saturn

★ 1988 - The historical center of Lisbon is destroyed by a fire.

★ 1989 - Tadeusz Mazowiecki chosen as the first non-communist Prime Minister in Central and Eastern Europe.

★ 1989 - Voyager 2 spacecraft makes its closest approach to Neptune, the outermost planet in the Solar System.

★ 1989 - Mayumi Moriyama becomes Japan's first female cabinet secretary.

★ 1991 - Belarus declares independence from the Soviet Union

★ 1997 - Egon Krenz, the former East German leader, was convicted of a shoot-to-kill Berlin Wall policy.

★ 2003 - The Tli Cho land claims agreement is signed between the Dogrib First Nations and the Canadian federal government in Rae-Edzo (now called Behchoko).

★ 2003 - Fifty-two people killed in two terrorist bomb blasts in cars in Mumbai, India.

★ 2007 - 43 people killed in bomb blasts in Hyderabad, India.

Births

★ 1530 - Tsar Ivan IV of Russia (d. 1584)

★ 1561 - Philippe van Lansberge, Dutch astronomer (d. 1632)

★ 1624 - François de la Chaise, French confessor of Louis XIV of France (d. 1709)

★ 1662 - John Leverett the Younger, American educator (d. 1724)

★ 1719 - Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (d. 1795)

★ 1724 - George Stubbs, British painter (d. 1806)

★ 1741 - Karl Friedrich Bahrdt, German theologian (d. 1792)

★ 1744 - Johann Gottfried Herder, German writer (d. 1803)

★ 1767 - Antoine Louis Léon de Richebourg de Saint-Just, French revolutionary and writer (d. 1794)

★ 1772 - King William I of the Netherlands (d. 1843)

★ 1786 - King Ludwig I of Bavaria (d. 1868)

★ 1796 - James Lick, American land baron (d. 1876)

★ 1802 - Nikolaus Lenau, Austrian poet (d. 1850)

★ 1803 - Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, the Duque de Caxias, Brazilian military leader

★ 1819 - Allan Pinkerton, American private detective (d. 1884)

★ 1836 - Bret Harte, American writer (d. 1902)

★ 1841 - Emil Theodor Kocher, Swiss medical researcher; Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1917)

★ 1845 - King Ludwig II of Bavaria (d. 1886)

★ 1867 - James W. Gerard, American jurist and diplomat (d. 1951)

★ 1868 - Nikolaos Levidis, Greek shooter

★ 1882 - Seán T. O'Kelly, Irish politician (d. 1966)

★ 1893 - Henry Trendley Dean, American dental researcher (d. 1962)

★ 1898 - Helmut Hasse, German mathematician (d. 1975)

★ 1900 - Hans Adolf Krebs, German physician and biochemist; Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)

★ 1902 - Stefan Wolpe, German-born composer (d. 1972)

★ 1903 - Árpád Élő, Hungarian physicist (d. 1992)

★ 1905 - Faustina Kowalska, Polish mystic (d. 1938)

★ 1909 - Ruby Keeler, Canadian singer and actress (d. 1993)

★ 1909 - Michael Rennie, English actor (d. 1971)

★ 1911 - Vo Nguyen Giap (Võ Nguyên Giáp), Vietnamese general and statesman

★ 1912 - Erich Honecker, East German politician (d. 1994)

★ 1913 - Walt Kelly, American cartoonist (d. 1973)

★ 1913 - Bob Crosby, American bandleader (d. 1993)

★ 1913 - Don DeFore, American actor (d. 1993)

★ 1915 - Walter Trampler, American violist (d. 1997)

★ 1916 - Van Johnson, American actor

★ 1916 - Frederick Chapman Robbins, American pediatrician and virologist; Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2003)

★ 1917 - Mel Ferrer, American actor

★ 1918 - Leonard Bernstein, American conductor and composer (d. 1990)

★ 1918 - Richard Greene, English actor (d. 1985)

★ 1919 - George Wallace, American politician (d. 1998)

★ 1921 - Monty Hall, Canadian-born game show host

★ 1921 - Brian Moore, Irish-born writer (d. 1999)

★ 1921 - Bryce Mackasey, Canadian politician (d. 1999)

★ 1925 - Thea Astley, Australian writer, (d. 2004)

★ 1927 - Althea Gibson, American tennis player (d. 2003)

★ 1928 - Herbert Kroemer, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

★ 1928 - Darrell Johnson, American baseball player (d. 2004)

★ 1930 - Sean Connery, Scottish actor

★ 1930 - Graham Jarvis, Canadian actor (d. 2003)

★ 1931 - Hal Fishman, Los Angeles based local news anchor. (d. 2007)

★ 1931 - Regis Philbin, American television host

★ 1933 - Wayne Shorter, American jazz musician

★ 1933 - Tom Skerritt, American actor

★ 1934 - Lise Bacon, French Canadian politician

★ 1935 - Charles Wright, American poet

★ 1938 - David Canary, American actor

★ 1938 - Frederick Forsyth, English author

★ 1939 - John Badham, American film director

★ 1940 - José Van Dam, Belgian baritone

★ 1944 - Anthony Heald, American actor

★ 1944 - Conrad Black, newspaper magnate

★ 1944 - Jacques Demers, Canadian hockey coach

★ 1946 - Rollie Fingers, American baseball player

★ 1946 - Charlie Sanders, American football player

★ 1949 - Martin Amis, English novelist

★ 1949 - John Savage, American actor

★ 1949 - Gene Simmons, Israeli-born musician (Kiss)

★ 1949 - Fariborz Lachini, Canadian-Iranian composer

★ 1951 - Rob Halford, English singer (Judas Priest)

★ 1951 - Bill Handel, American radio personality

★ 1952 - Geoff Downes, English keyboardist (Buggles, Yes, Asia)

★ 1954 - Elvis Costello, English musician

★ 1956 - Henri Toivonen, Finnish rally driver

★ 1958 - Tim Burton, American film director

★ 1960 - Ashley Crow, American actress

★ 1961 - Billy Ray Cyrus, American singer and actor

★ 1961 - Joanne Whalley, British actress

★ 1962 - David Packer, American actor

★ 1962 - Vivian Campbell, Irish musician (Def Leppard, Whitesnake, Dio)

★ 1964 - Maxim Kontsevich, Russian mathematician

★ 1964 - Blair Underwood, American actor

★ 1964 - Vassilios Kotronias, Greek chess grandmaster

★ 1964 - Marti Noxon, American television writer and producer

★ 1965 - Mia Zapata, American singer (The Gits) (d. 1994)

★ 1966 - Albert Belle, American Major League Baseball player

★ 1966 - Derek Sherinian, American keyboardist

★ 1967 - Jeff Tweedy, American singer (Wilco)

★ 1968 - Rafet El Roman, Turkish singer and composer

★ 1968 - Stuart Murdoch, Scottish musician (Belle & Sebastian)

★ 1968 - Rachael Ray, American chef and television personality

★ 1968 - Spider One, American musician (Powerman 5000)

★ 1969 - Cameron Mathison, Canadian actor

★ 1970 - Robert Horry, American basketball player

★ 1970 - Jo Dee Messina, American country music singer

★ 1970 - Claudia Schiffer, German model

★ 1971 - Mike Lockwood, professional wrestler (d. 2003)

★ 1972 - Marvin Harrison, American football player

★ 1973 - Fatih Akin, Turkish-German film director

★ 1974 - Eric Millegan, American actor

★ 1974 - Pablo Ozuna, Dominican baseball player

★ 1976 - Alexander Skarsgård, Swedish actor

★ 1977 - Sophie Cadieux, Quebec actress

★ 1977 - Diego Corrales, American boxer (d. 2007)

★ 1978 - Kel Mitchell, American actor

★ 1979 - Marlon Harewood, English footballer

★ 1981 - Rachel Bilson, American actress

★ 1983 - James Rossiter, British racing driver

★ 1987 - Stacey Farber, Canadian actress

★ 1987 - Blake Lively, American actress

★ 1987 - James Wesolowski, Australian footballer

★ 1987 - Liu Yifei, Chinese actress and singer

★ 1988 - Raymond Quinn, English singer

★ 1992 - Miyabi Natsuyaki, Japanese singer

★ 1997 - Holly Gibbs, English child actor

★ 1998 - China Anne McClain, American actress

Deaths

★ 383 - Gratian, Roman Emperor (b. 359)

★ 471 - Gennadius I, Patriarch of Constantinople

★ 1192 - Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1142)

★ 1270 - King Louis IX of France

★ 1282 - Thomas Cantilupe, English saint

★ 1330 - Sir James Douglas, Scottish soldier (b. 1286)

★ 1482 - Margaret of Anjou, queen of Henry VI of England (b. 1429)

★ 1554 - Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1473)

★ 1632 - Thomas Dekker, English dramatist

★ 1650 - Richard Crashaw, English poet

★ 1688 - Henry Morgan, Welsh privateer

★ 1699 - King Christian V of Denmark (b. 1646)

★ 1711 - Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of Jersey, English politician

★ 1742 - Carlos Seixas, Portuguese composer (b. 1704)

★ 1774 - Niccolò Jommelli, Italian composer (b. 1714)

★ 1776 - David Hume, Scottish philosopher and historian (b. 1711)

★ 1792 - Jacques Cazotte, French writer (b. 1719)

★ 1822 - William Herschel, German-born astronomer (b. 1738)

★ 1867 - Michael Faraday, English scientist (b. 1791)

★ 1900 - Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher (b. 1844)

★ 1900 - Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1840)

★ 1904 - Henri Fantin-Latour, French painter (b. 1836)

★ 1908 - Henri Becquerel, French physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1852)

★ 1925 - Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (b. 1852)

★ 1938 - Aleksandr Kuprin, Russian writer (b. 1870)

★ 1939 - Babe Siebert, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1904)

★ 1942 - George Edward Alexander Windsor, Duke of Kent (b. 1902)

★ 1945 - John Birch, American intelligence officer and missionary (b. 1918)

★ 1950 - Earl Caddock, professional wrestler (b. 1888)

★ 1956 - Alfred Kinsey, American research biologist (b. 1894)

★ 1967 - Stanley Bruce, eighth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1883)

★ 1967 - Paul Muni, Polish actor (b. 1895)

★ 1967 - George Lincoln Rockwell, American Nazi Party leader (b. 1918)

★ 1971 - Ted Lewis, American musician and entertainer (b. 1890)

★ 1976 - Eyvind Johnson, Swedish writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1900)

★ 1979 - Stan Kenton, American musician and bandleader (b. 1911)

★ 1980 - Gower Champion, American dancer, actor, and choreographer (b. 1919)

★ 1984 - Truman Capote, American author (b. 1924)

★ 1984 - Waite Hoyt, American baseball player (b. 1899)

★ 1984 - Viktor Chukarin, Soviet gymnast (b. 1921)

★ 1985 - Samantha Smith, American social activist (b. 1972)

★ 1990 - Morley Callaghan, Canadian writer (b. 1903)

★ 1999 - Rob Fisher, English musician (b. 1956)

★ 2000 - Carl Barks, American cartoonist (b. 1901)

★ 2000 - Jack Nitzsche, American record producer (b. 1937)

★ 2001 - Aaliyah, American singer and actress (b. 1979)

★ 2001 - Carl Brewer, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1938)

★ 2001 - Philippe Léotard, French actor and singer (b. 1940)

★ 2002 - Dorothy Hewett, Australian writer (b. 1923)

★ 2005 - Peter Glotz, German politician (b. 1939)

★ 2007 - Benjamin Aaron, American attorney, labor law scholar and civil servant (b. 1915)

★ 2007 - Raymond Barre, French politician and Prime Minister (b. 1924)

★ 2007 - Ray Jones, English Footballer (b. 1988)

Holidays and observances

★ Roman festivals - Opiconsivia held in honor of Ops.

★ Roman Catholic Saints - Genesius of Arles, Saint Louis IX of France, Saint Joseph Calasanz.

★ Uruguay - National Day (independence from Brazil in 1825).

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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