AZOLE


An 'azole' is a class of five-membered nitrogen heterocyclic ring compounds containing at least one other noncarbon atom, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. The parent compounds are aromatic and have two double bonds; there are successively reduced analogs (azolines and azolidines) with less. Names of azoles maintain the prefix upon reduction (such as pyrazoline, pyrazolidine), except for pyrrole, which has no -azole suffix and is reduced to pyrroline and pyrrolidine.
The azoles include:

★ 1 nitrogen


pyrrole

★ 2 or more nitrogen atoms


pyrazole


imidazole, included in histidine


triazole, included in Ribavirin


tetrazole

★ 1 nitrogen atom and 1 oxygen atom


oxazole


isoxazole

★ 1 nitrogen atom and 1 sulfur atom


thiazole


isothiazole
A "dioxole" is a similar compound with two oxygen atoms in a five membered ring. Dioxolane is a derivative of dioxole.
Many azoles are used as antifungal drugs, inhibiting the fungal enzyme 14α-demethylase which produces ergosterol.

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