BMW 3 SERIES
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(Redirected from BMW 3-Series)
The 'BMW 3 Series' is an entry-level luxury car / compact executive car manufactured by the German automaker BMW since May 1975. It was the successor to the 2002 coupe, retaining much of that car's styling while adding a more powerful 2.0 L 110 hp (82 kW) engine and other performance enhancements. The 3 Series was for some time the smallest car line manufactured by BMW (exempting the BMW-owned MINI), although that place was in 2004 taken by the BMW 1 Series. The 3 Series is BMW's best selling automobile, accounting for nearly 40% of all automobiles sold by the company in 2005.[1].The 3 Series is the best selling luxury sedan in the United States — 98,000 vehicles were sold in 2005.[2]
From its sporting origins, the 3 Series success has led BMW to become one of the most recognized brands in the world, in league with Coca-Cola, IBM, The Four Seasons, and American Express. Being an accessible prestige-badge car, the 3 Series' reputation grew from its humble beginnings, winning numerous awards and honors throughout the automotive world. By the early 21st century, the E46 3 Series was the best-selling car of its segment (premium middle class cars),[1]as commonplace in Asia and America as in Europe, while maintaining its prestigious brand and image.
The 3 series has also maintained BMW's racing heritage. The M version of the 3 series, M3, debuted in the 1980's as an industry first "track ready" luxury sports car. Marketed as a daily driver and a track ready race car, the M3 grew in popularity quickly. This has furthered the 3 series brand awareness as a class-leading "sport sedan".
In the late 1960s, performance car enthusiasts in the U.S. had limited options. There were small 2-seater sports cars like the British MG. And there were Detroit-made muscle cars with big V-8 engines offering a lot of power, but little else. Few Americans had ever heard the name BMW.
Then in 1968, an article appeared in Car & Driver magazine, raving about an unassuming little automobile: the BMW 2002. This was a car Americans had never seen, and a glimpse of what Europeans already enjoyed. It accelerated like a muscle car, but it was light and fuel-efficient. It was agile like a sports car, but it had four quite comfortable seats and legroom. The 2002 embodied for Americans an entirely new concept: the sports sedan. And it laid down track that BMW has been running on ever since. Historically, BMW got its start in the American market in New York City, thanks to an Austrian named Max Hoffman.
Max Hoffman, often referred to as the "father" of the import car business, was a famous New York Car Dealer/Importer who is largely responsible for the US sports car resurgence of the 40's and 50's. He imported sports cars to the US and made them available after WW II. Hoffman helped sponsor amateur sports car racing in the US and encouraged the European manufacturers to respond to the emerging US sports car market. Hoffman influenced BMW product marketing (as well as other German made cars )in the US for many years.
The success of the 2002 led to the founding of BMW North America in 1975. And shortly thereafter a new model was introduced that furthered this concept of performance and practicality – the BMW 3 Series. This new model was a direct descendant of the 2002. The 3 series is the most successful of BMW models, a trend that will likely continue well into the future.
Through model evolution, the 3 series has expanded upwards and outwards – but for BMW, the 3 Series remains the defining car and the benchmark against which all future designs will be judged.
3 Series vehicles can be largely differentiated by the underlying platform:
★ BMW E21 - (1975–1983) 3 Series
★ BMW E30 - (1984–1994) 3 Series
★ BMW E36 - (1992–1998) 3 Series
★ BMW E46 - (1999–2005) 3 Series
★ BMW E46 - (2006) 3 Series Convertible
★ BMW E90 - (2006–) 3 Series Sedan
★ BMW E91 - (2006-) 3 Series Wagon
★ BMW E92 - (2007-) 3 Series Coupé
★ BMW E93 - (2007-) 3 Series Convertible
Main articles: BMW E21
The E21 line was produced from 2 May, 1975 (1977 in the USA) through 1983. Originally a replacement for the 2002 coupe, the first 3-Series was a 2-door model only. The New Class sedans would be replaced by the 5 Series. A factory authorised cabrio version was built by Baur.
Models:
★ Europe
★
★ 1981-1983 '315' - 1.6 L ''M41'' I4, 75 hp (55 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 75bhp 0-100 km/h: 13.4 sec., top speed: 171 km/h MT
★
★ 1975-1979 '316' - 1.6 L ''M41'' I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 90bhp 0-100 km/h: 12.3 sec., top speed: 179 km/h MT
★
★ 1980-1983 '316' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 90 hp (67 kW)
★
★ 1975-1980 '318' - 1.8 L ''M42'' I4, 98 hp (72 kW)
★
★ 1979-1983 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M42'' I4, 105 hp (77 kW)
★
★ 1975-1979 '320/4' - 2.0 L ''M64'' I4, 109 hp (80 kW)
★
★ 1975-1979 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M10B20'' I4, 125 hp (92 kW)
★
★ 1979-1982 '320/6' - 2.0 L ''M20B20'' I6, 122 hp (89 kW)
★
★ 1978-1982 '323i' - 2.3 L ''M20B23'' I6, 143 hp (105 kW)
★ Rest of world
★
★ 1976-1979 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M43/1'' I4, 110 hp (82 kW)
★
★ 1980-1983 '320i' - 1.8 L ''M42'' I4, 100 hp (75 kW)
Main articles: BMW E30
The E30 was sold from 1982 through 1991 in sedan form, through 1993 in convertible form. The E30's introductory price of US$18,210 was nearly double that of the E21 just 7 years earlier, but the availability of a six cylinder engine and 4-door body style (in 1984) earned sales. The torquey "eta" six in the 325e produced 121 hp (90 kW), but met the strict emission standards of the time. The E30 was the most powerful compact BMW offered in the United States since the 2002 Tii.
The lineup was joined in 1985 by the high-output 325i and 325is. Though the engine displacement was reduced to 2.5 L, output was up to 168 hp (125 kW) as the company focused on performance rather than economy. The rev limit for the new motor was raised from 5000 rpm to 6500 rpm, as a shorter stroke was employed with the new motor.
An all wheel drive version, the 325ix, joined the lineup for 1986. The four-cylinder 318 was dropped in 1985, but was brought back with a new, 1.8L DOHC motor (M42B18) for 1991.
In 1989, BMW introduced the touring version of the E30. It was very popular during its production up to 1994. It was available with a 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 or 2.5 liter engine. The 325i touring was also available with 4WD.
The most powerful American BMW E30 in 1989 came in the form of the M3. It used a 192 hp (143 kW) ''S14'' straight-4 with a 4-valve head adapted from the ''M88'' six and Bosch fuel injection.
Models:
★ Europe
★
★ 1982-1987 '316' - 1.6 L ''M98'' I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 90bhp 0-100 km/h: 12.4 sec., top speed: 180 km/h MT
★
★ 1982-1990 '316 1.8' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
★
★ 1987-1993 '316i' - 1.6 L ''M40B16'' I4, 102 hp (75 kW)
★
★ 1982-1987 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 105 hp (77 kW)
★
★ 1987-1993 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M40B18'' I4, 115 hp (85 kW)
★
★ 1989-1991 '318is' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 136 hp (100 kW)
★
★ 1982-1985 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M20B20'' I6, 125 hp (92 kW)
★
★ 1985-1991 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M20B20'' I6, 129 hp (95 kW)
★
★ 1988-1990 '320is' - 2.0 L ''S14'' I4, 192 hp (141 kW)
★
★ 1982-1986 '323i' - 2.3 L ''M20B23'' I6, 150 hp (110 kW)
★
★ 1985-1991 '325i' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1986-1991 '325iX' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1986-1988 'M3' - 2.3 L ''S14'' I4, 200 hp (147 kW)
★
★ 1989-1991 'M3 Evo' - 2.5 L ''S14'' I4, 215 hp (158 kW)
★
★ 1985-1991 '324d' - 2.4 L ''M21'' I6, 86 hp (63 kW)
★
★ 1987-1991 '324td' - 2.4 L ''M21'' I6, 115 hp (85 kW)
★ Other markets
★
★ 1984-1985 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 101 hp (75 kW) - North America
★
★ 1991 '318iS' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 134 hp (100 kW) - North America
★
★ 1984-1991 '325e' - 2.7 L ''M20B27'' I6, 121 hp (90 kW) - North America
★
★ 1986-1991 '325es' - 2.7 L ''M20B27'' I6, 121 hp (90 kW) - North America
★
★ 1987-1991 '325i/is' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 168 hp (125 kW) - North America
★
★ 1988-1991 '325ix' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 168 hp (125 kW) - North America
★
★ 1988-1991 'M3' - 2.3 L ''S14'' I4, 192 hp (143 kW) - North America
★
★ 1984-1990 '333i' - 3.2 L ''M30'' I6, 197 hp (145 kW) - South Africa
★
★ 1989-1991 '325iS' - 2.7 L, 197 hp (145 kW) - South Africa
★
★ 1991-1992 '325iS' - 2.7 L, 210 hp (155 kW) - South Africa
★ External Links
★
★ M42Club.com is a model-specific forum and community for the E30 318i/iS.
Main articles: BMW E36
Also known as the "Dolphin shape." The E36 was sold from 1991 through 1998. It employed the "Z-axle" multilink suspension in the rear which had been proven in the Z1. DOHC engines were used across the range, with VANOS variable valve timing introduced in 1993.
The four-door E36 was sold from Autumn, 1991, in the United States but the E30 coupes were retained until well into 1992. The E36 convertible was delayed until 1994. The hatchback 318ti ''Compact'' was introduced in 1995, was very popular in Europe, but it was not very successful in North America. The BMW Compact was identical to the regular E36 sedan from front bumper to A-Pillar. Everything else was unique, namely its rear semi-trailing arm suspension, based off the old E30, instead of the Z-Axle Multilink employed in all other E36's. The Z3 and M Coupe have similar rear suspension setups as well.
The "Touring" station wagon was sold in Europe from 1995, but was not offered in the United States.
The 2.5 L ''M50B25'' used in the 325 models was replaced in 1996 with the 2.8 L ''M52B28'', creating the 328 line. Another 2.5 L engine, the ''M52B25'', was reintroduced for 1998 but the cars were sold as 323 rather than 325.
The 4-door 3 Series models were replaced after 1998 in the US, while the 2-door models lasted through 1999.
Models:
★ Europe
★
★ 1991-1994 '316i' - 1.6 L ''M40B18'' I4, 102 hp (76 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 102bhp 0-100 km/h: 11.8 sec., top speed: 186 km/h MT
★
★ 1995-1999 '316i' - 1.6 L ''M43B16'' I4, 102 hp (76 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 102bhp 0-100 km/h: 11.8 sec., top speed: 186 km/h MT
★
★ 1991-1999 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M40B18'' I4, 115 hp (86 kW)
★
★ 1995-2000 '318iS/ti' - 1.9 L ''M44B19'' I4, 140 hp (103 kW)
★
★ 1991-1995 '320' - 2.0 L ''M50B20'' I6, 150 hp (112 kW)
★
★ 1992-1997 'M3' - 3.0 L ''S50B30'' I6 286 hp
★
★ 1995-1998 '323' - 2.4 L ''M52B25'' I6 170 hp
★
★ 1994-1999 '320' - 2.0 L ''M52B20'' I6
★
★ 1994-1999 '324' - 2.4 L ''M52B24'' I6
★
★ 1991-1995 '325' - 2.5 L ''M50B25'' I6 192 hp
★
★ 1995-2000 '328' - 2.8 L ''M52B28'' I6 193 hp
★
★ 1995-2000 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S50B32'' I6 321 hp
★ US
★
★ 1992-1995 '318iS' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 134 hp (100 kW)
★
★ 1995-1999 '318ti' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 134 hp (100 kW)
★
★ 1992-1995 '325' - 2.5 L ''M50B25'' I6, 189 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1995 'M3' - 3.0 L ''S50B30US'' I6, 240 hp (179 kW)
★
★ 1996-1999 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S52B32'' I6, 240 hp (179 kW)
★
★ 1996-1999 '328' - 2.8 L ''M52B28'' I6, 190 hp (142 kW)
★
★ 1996-1999 '318' - 1.9 L ''M44B19'' I4, 138 hp (103 kW)
★
★ 1998 '323' - 2.5 L ''M52B25'' I6, 168 hp (125 kW)
Main articles: BMW E46
The E46 chassis began to replace the E36 specification for 1998. Only the 4-door sedans were updated that year. The E36 coupé and touring models lasted one more year until the E46 replacements arrived for model year 2000. The 2.8 L cars were called 328 while 2.5 L cars got the confusing 323 name. The new ''M54'' engines appeared for 2001; with the new 3.0 L 330 replacing the 328, BMW renamed the 2.5 L car the 325. Also in 2001, the compact 3-door version appeared on the European market, but it was replaced in 2004 by the 1 series. During the second half of 2005 the E46 sedan and touring were phased out in favour of the new E90. The E46 coupé and convertible remain in production well into 2006. The E46 Coupe & Convertible used a "ci" (standing for coupe/injection) instead of "i".
Models:
★ Europe and other markets
★
★ 1998-2001 '316i' - 1.6 L, ''M43TUB16'', 105 hp (77 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L DOHC engine 105bhp 0-100 km/h: 11.3 sec., top speed: 188 km/h MT
★
★ 2001-2005 '316i' - 1.8 L ''N42B18'', 116 hp (87 kW)
★
★ 1998-2001 '318i' - 1.9 L, 118 hp (87 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 '318i' - 2.0 L ''N42B20'', 143 hp (105 kW)
★
★ 2005-2006 '318Ci' - 2.0 L ''N42B20'', 150 hp (110 kW)
★
★ 1998-2000 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M52B20 T'', 150 hp (110 kW)
★
★ 2000-2006 '320i' - 2.2 L ''M54B22'', 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1998-2001 '323i' - 2.5 L ''M52B25 T'', 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1998-2001 '328i' - 2.8 L ''M52B28 T'', 193 hp (142 kW)
★
★ 2000-2006 '325i' - 2.5 L ''M54B25'', 192 PS
★
★ 2000-2006 '330i' - 3.0 L ''M54B30'', 231 PS
★
★ 2000-2003 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S54B32'', 343 PS
★ US
★
★ 1999-2001 '323i' - 2.5 L ''M52B25 T'', 170 hp (127 kW)
★
★ 1999-2001 '328i' - 2.8 L ''M52B28 T'', 193 hp (144 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 '325i' - 2.5 L ''M54B25'', 184 hp (137 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 '330i' - 3.0 L ''M54B30'', 225 hp (168 kW)
★
★ 2006 '330ci - Convertible' - 3.0 L ''M54B30'', 225 hp (168 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S54B32'', 333 hp (248 kW)
Diesel models:
★ 1998-2001 '320d' - 1951 cc, 136 hp (100 kW)
★ 2001-2006 '320d' - 1995 cc, 150 hp (110 kW)
★ 1998-2003 '330d' - 2926 cc, 184 hp (135 kW)
★ 2003-2006 '330d' - 2993 cc, 204 hp (150 kW)
Main articles: BMW E90
The E90 is the new body style available from MY2006 to present, and is available as the sport sedan (E90), sport wagon (E91), sport coupe (E92), and sport coupe convertible (E93). The E90 series is completely re-engineered from the E46, including changes to motor choices, transmission, the passenger compartment comfort, suspension technology, as well as a host of High-Tech features and options.
Currently, four engine options are offered, two being part of the new 'N' series of BMW inline engines featuring a host of new technologies. Technological innovations such as lightweight magnesium/aluminum construction, electric water pump, Valvetronic (steplessly variable valve timing), and Double-VANOS variable valve timing all contribute to produce a lighter and more powerful motor than its predecessor, but yield a 15% increase in fuel economy. The E90 also marks BMW's return to Turbo Technology with the introduction of the E92 coupe. The N54 engine produces 300bhp and 300lbft torque.
The E90 series also marks another first for BMW -- a retractable hard top convertible.
'Note:'
The 325i and 330i are both powered by the same 3.0 L N52 engine, but the 330i features revised engine software and improved intake and exhaust systems to produce an additional 40 hp (255 vs. 215). MY2007 marks a motor change to increase the power from the motors, therefore a change to the badging of the vehicles. Canada also gets a 323i model which has a detuned 2.5 L gasoline-injected inline-six producing 200 hp (149 kW). The new 335i uses a twin-turbo powerplant, also seen on the 5 series models.
The 3-Series is manufactured at plants in South Africa and Germany.
Models:
★ 2005- '316i' - 1.6 L gasoline inline-four, 115 hp (85 kW)
★
★ 1.6L DOHC engine 0-100 km/h: 10.9 sec., top speed: 196 km/h MT
★ 2005- '318i' - 2.0 L gasoline inline-four, 129 hp (95 kW)
★ 2005- '318d' - 2.0 L diesel inline-four, 122 hp (90 kW)
★ 2005- '320i' - 2.0 L gasoline inline-four, 150 hp (110 kW)
★ 2006 '320si' - 2.0 L gasoline inline-four, 173 hp (126 kW). Limited production (2600 units worldwide).
★ 2005- '320d' - 2.0 L diesel inline-four, 163 hp (120 kW)
★ 2006- '323i' - 2.5 L (Canada, S Africa), gasoline inline-six, 174 hp (128 kW)
★ 2006- '325i' - 2.5 L gasoline inline-six 218 hp (160 kW)
★ 2006- '330i' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 258 hp (190 kW)
★ 2006- '325d' - 3.0 L diesel inline-six, 197 hp
★ 2006- '330d' - 3.0 L diesel inline-six, 231 hp (170 kW)
★ 2006- '335d' - 3.0 L twin-turbo diesel inline-six, 286 hp
★ 2007- '328i coupe' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328xi coupe' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '335i coupe' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2007- '328i sedan' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328xi sedan' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328xi touring' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328i sportwagon' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328i Hardtop Cabriolet' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '335i sedan' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2007- '335xi sedan' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2007- '335i Hardtop Cabriolet' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2008- 'M3 coupe and sedan'
In US:
★ 2006 '325i' - 3.0 L I6, 215 hp. ''Sedan Only.''
★ 2006 '325xi' - 3.0 L I6, 215 hp. ''Sedan and Sport Wagon available.''
★ 2006 '330i' - 3.0 L I6, 255 hp. ''Sedan Only.''
★ 2006 '330xi' - 3.0 L I6, 255 hp. ''Sedan Only.''
★ 2007- '328i' - 3.0 L I6, 230 hp. ''Sedan, Sport Wagon, Coupe, and Convertible available.''
★ 2007- '328xi' - 3.0 L I6, 230 hp. ''Sedan, Sport Wagon, and Coupe available.''
★ 2007- '335i' - 3.0 L I6, 300 hp. ''Sedan, Coupe and Convertible available.''
★ 2008- '335xi' - 3.0 L I6, 300 hp. ''Sedan and Coupe available.''
★ 2008- 'M3' - 4.0 L V8, 420 hp. ''Coupe''
★ 2009- 'M3' - 4.0 L V8, 420 hp. ''Convertible''
The 3 Series has been on ''Car and Driver'' magazine's annual Ten Best list 16 times, from 1992 through 2007, making it the longest running entry in the list [1]. The E90 was named "Best New Sports Sedan" in the 2006 Canadian Car of the Year awards. Also, it was awarded the ''World Car of the Year'' at the New York Auto Show in 2006.
The E36 320d won the 24 Hours Nürburgring in 1998.
The E46 3-Series is the car that won Andy Priaulx and BMW Team UK the World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) in 2005.
The E90 3-series repeated this feat in 2006.
This is a highly advertised achievement of BMW. The WTCC is one of the FIA's three World Championships (along with Formula One and the World Rally Championship).
The 3-Series' rear-wheel drive layout and its proven dynamics have both been attributed to its victory, though in Touring Car Racing, as almost every other motor sport, much of the skill is with the driver and their team tactics.
Most of the time, the 3-Series cars in the British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) and other touring car championships have been penalised for being rear wheel drive and thus having better grip. In midway of 2002 European Touring Car Championship (ETCC) season, FIA decided to make new rules to compensate front-wheel drive layouted car being so victorious and added extra 15 kg ballast to front-wheel drive cars (Alfa Romeo 156) and rear-wheel drive cars (BMW) was reduced 15 kg. The 320si has been penalised in the WTCC for this reason to keep the sport competitive with the rest of the grid (Ford Focus, Chevrolet Lacetti, SEAT Leon, Alfa Romeo 156) being front-wheel drive. Despite these ballast weight penalties, the 320si's of the British, German and Italian/Spanish teams continually win races and points with their skilled drivers. Today the WTCC series has a rolling start to eliminate the better grip that rear-wheel drive cars have in starts.
The BMW 3-Series is currently used in both the SCCA Pro Racing Speed World Challenge Touring Car Series and the Grand American Road Racing Series. In the final 2006 Grand Am standings, BMW finished second in the manufacturer's standings in both the Grand Sport and Street Tuner classes, and Turner Motorsport prepped E46 BMWs won the driver's and team championships.
1.
2.
3.
★ Official BMW 3 Series
★
The 'BMW 3 Series' is an entry-level luxury car / compact executive car manufactured by the German automaker BMW since May 1975. It was the successor to the 2002 coupe, retaining much of that car's styling while adding a more powerful 2.0 L 110 hp (82 kW) engine and other performance enhancements. The 3 Series was for some time the smallest car line manufactured by BMW (exempting the BMW-owned MINI), although that place was in 2004 taken by the BMW 1 Series. The 3 Series is BMW's best selling automobile, accounting for nearly 40% of all automobiles sold by the company in 2005.[1].The 3 Series is the best selling luxury sedan in the United States — 98,000 vehicles were sold in 2005.[2]
| Contents |
| Social and marketing significance |
| History |
| E21 |
| E30 |
| E36 |
| E46 |
| E90 |
| Awards |
| Racing |
| Notes |
| External links |
Social and marketing significance
From its sporting origins, the 3 Series success has led BMW to become one of the most recognized brands in the world, in league with Coca-Cola, IBM, The Four Seasons, and American Express. Being an accessible prestige-badge car, the 3 Series' reputation grew from its humble beginnings, winning numerous awards and honors throughout the automotive world. By the early 21st century, the E46 3 Series was the best-selling car of its segment (premium middle class cars),[1]as commonplace in Asia and America as in Europe, while maintaining its prestigious brand and image.
The 3 series has also maintained BMW's racing heritage. The M version of the 3 series, M3, debuted in the 1980's as an industry first "track ready" luxury sports car. Marketed as a daily driver and a track ready race car, the M3 grew in popularity quickly. This has furthered the 3 series brand awareness as a class-leading "sport sedan".
History
In the late 1960s, performance car enthusiasts in the U.S. had limited options. There were small 2-seater sports cars like the British MG. And there were Detroit-made muscle cars with big V-8 engines offering a lot of power, but little else. Few Americans had ever heard the name BMW.
Then in 1968, an article appeared in Car & Driver magazine, raving about an unassuming little automobile: the BMW 2002. This was a car Americans had never seen, and a glimpse of what Europeans already enjoyed. It accelerated like a muscle car, but it was light and fuel-efficient. It was agile like a sports car, but it had four quite comfortable seats and legroom. The 2002 embodied for Americans an entirely new concept: the sports sedan. And it laid down track that BMW has been running on ever since. Historically, BMW got its start in the American market in New York City, thanks to an Austrian named Max Hoffman.
Max Hoffman, often referred to as the "father" of the import car business, was a famous New York Car Dealer/Importer who is largely responsible for the US sports car resurgence of the 40's and 50's. He imported sports cars to the US and made them available after WW II. Hoffman helped sponsor amateur sports car racing in the US and encouraged the European manufacturers to respond to the emerging US sports car market. Hoffman influenced BMW product marketing (as well as other German made cars )in the US for many years.
The success of the 2002 led to the founding of BMW North America in 1975. And shortly thereafter a new model was introduced that furthered this concept of performance and practicality – the BMW 3 Series. This new model was a direct descendant of the 2002. The 3 series is the most successful of BMW models, a trend that will likely continue well into the future.
Through model evolution, the 3 series has expanded upwards and outwards – but for BMW, the 3 Series remains the defining car and the benchmark against which all future designs will be judged.
3 Series vehicles can be largely differentiated by the underlying platform:
★ BMW E21 - (1975–1983) 3 Series
★ BMW E30 - (1984–1994) 3 Series
★ BMW E36 - (1992–1998) 3 Series
★ BMW E46 - (1999–2005) 3 Series
★ BMW E46 - (2006) 3 Series Convertible
★ BMW E90 - (2006–) 3 Series Sedan
★ BMW E91 - (2006-) 3 Series Wagon
★ BMW E92 - (2007-) 3 Series Coupé
★ BMW E93 - (2007-) 3 Series Convertible
E21
Main articles: BMW E21
The E21 line was produced from 2 May, 1975 (1977 in the USA) through 1983. Originally a replacement for the 2002 coupe, the first 3-Series was a 2-door model only. The New Class sedans would be replaced by the 5 Series. A factory authorised cabrio version was built by Baur.
Models:
★ Europe
★
★ 1981-1983 '315' - 1.6 L ''M41'' I4, 75 hp (55 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 75bhp 0-100 km/h: 13.4 sec., top speed: 171 km/h MT
★
★ 1975-1979 '316' - 1.6 L ''M41'' I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 90bhp 0-100 km/h: 12.3 sec., top speed: 179 km/h MT
★
★ 1980-1983 '316' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 90 hp (67 kW)
★
★ 1975-1980 '318' - 1.8 L ''M42'' I4, 98 hp (72 kW)
★
★ 1979-1983 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M42'' I4, 105 hp (77 kW)
★
★ 1975-1979 '320/4' - 2.0 L ''M64'' I4, 109 hp (80 kW)
★
★ 1975-1979 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M10B20'' I4, 125 hp (92 kW)
★
★ 1979-1982 '320/6' - 2.0 L ''M20B20'' I6, 122 hp (89 kW)
★
★ 1978-1982 '323i' - 2.3 L ''M20B23'' I6, 143 hp (105 kW)
★ Rest of world
★
★ 1976-1979 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M43/1'' I4, 110 hp (82 kW)
★
★ 1980-1983 '320i' - 1.8 L ''M42'' I4, 100 hp (75 kW)
E30
Main articles: BMW E30
The E30 was sold from 1982 through 1991 in sedan form, through 1993 in convertible form. The E30's introductory price of US$18,210 was nearly double that of the E21 just 7 years earlier, but the availability of a six cylinder engine and 4-door body style (in 1984) earned sales. The torquey "eta" six in the 325e produced 121 hp (90 kW), but met the strict emission standards of the time. The E30 was the most powerful compact BMW offered in the United States since the 2002 Tii.
The lineup was joined in 1985 by the high-output 325i and 325is. Though the engine displacement was reduced to 2.5 L, output was up to 168 hp (125 kW) as the company focused on performance rather than economy. The rev limit for the new motor was raised from 5000 rpm to 6500 rpm, as a shorter stroke was employed with the new motor.
An all wheel drive version, the 325ix, joined the lineup for 1986. The four-cylinder 318 was dropped in 1985, but was brought back with a new, 1.8L DOHC motor (M42B18) for 1991.
In 1989, BMW introduced the touring version of the E30. It was very popular during its production up to 1994. It was available with a 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 or 2.5 liter engine. The 325i touring was also available with 4WD.
The most powerful American BMW E30 in 1989 came in the form of the M3. It used a 192 hp (143 kW) ''S14'' straight-4 with a 4-valve head adapted from the ''M88'' six and Bosch fuel injection.
Models:
★ Europe
★
★ 1982-1987 '316' - 1.6 L ''M98'' I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 90bhp 0-100 km/h: 12.4 sec., top speed: 180 km/h MT
★
★ 1982-1990 '316 1.8' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 90 hp (66 kW)
★
★ 1987-1993 '316i' - 1.6 L ''M40B16'' I4, 102 hp (75 kW)
★
★ 1982-1987 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 105 hp (77 kW)
★
★ 1987-1993 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M40B18'' I4, 115 hp (85 kW)
★
★ 1989-1991 '318is' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 136 hp (100 kW)
★
★ 1982-1985 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M20B20'' I6, 125 hp (92 kW)
★
★ 1985-1991 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M20B20'' I6, 129 hp (95 kW)
★
★ 1988-1990 '320is' - 2.0 L ''S14'' I4, 192 hp (141 kW)
★
★ 1982-1986 '323i' - 2.3 L ''M20B23'' I6, 150 hp (110 kW)
★
★ 1985-1991 '325i' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1986-1991 '325iX' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1986-1988 'M3' - 2.3 L ''S14'' I4, 200 hp (147 kW)
★
★ 1989-1991 'M3 Evo' - 2.5 L ''S14'' I4, 215 hp (158 kW)
★
★ 1985-1991 '324d' - 2.4 L ''M21'' I6, 86 hp (63 kW)
★
★ 1987-1991 '324td' - 2.4 L ''M21'' I6, 115 hp (85 kW)
★ Other markets
★
★ 1984-1985 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M10B18'' I4, 101 hp (75 kW) - North America
★
★ 1991 '318iS' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 134 hp (100 kW) - North America
★
★ 1984-1991 '325e' - 2.7 L ''M20B27'' I6, 121 hp (90 kW) - North America
★
★ 1986-1991 '325es' - 2.7 L ''M20B27'' I6, 121 hp (90 kW) - North America
★
★ 1987-1991 '325i/is' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 168 hp (125 kW) - North America
★
★ 1988-1991 '325ix' - 2.5 L ''M20B25'' I6, 168 hp (125 kW) - North America
★
★ 1988-1991 'M3' - 2.3 L ''S14'' I4, 192 hp (143 kW) - North America
★
★ 1984-1990 '333i' - 3.2 L ''M30'' I6, 197 hp (145 kW) - South Africa
★
★ 1989-1991 '325iS' - 2.7 L, 197 hp (145 kW) - South Africa
★
★ 1991-1992 '325iS' - 2.7 L, 210 hp (155 kW) - South Africa
★ External Links
★
★ M42Club.com is a model-specific forum and community for the E30 318i/iS.
E36
Main articles: BMW E36
Also known as the "Dolphin shape." The E36 was sold from 1991 through 1998. It employed the "Z-axle" multilink suspension in the rear which had been proven in the Z1. DOHC engines were used across the range, with VANOS variable valve timing introduced in 1993.
BMW E36 coupe
Dashboard of a 325is
The four-door E36 was sold from Autumn, 1991, in the United States but the E30 coupes were retained until well into 1992. The E36 convertible was delayed until 1994. The hatchback 318ti ''Compact'' was introduced in 1995, was very popular in Europe, but it was not very successful in North America. The BMW Compact was identical to the regular E36 sedan from front bumper to A-Pillar. Everything else was unique, namely its rear semi-trailing arm suspension, based off the old E30, instead of the Z-Axle Multilink employed in all other E36's. The Z3 and M Coupe have similar rear suspension setups as well.
The "Touring" station wagon was sold in Europe from 1995, but was not offered in the United States.
The 2.5 L ''M50B25'' used in the 325 models was replaced in 1996 with the 2.8 L ''M52B28'', creating the 328 line. Another 2.5 L engine, the ''M52B25'', was reintroduced for 1998 but the cars were sold as 323 rather than 325.
The 4-door 3 Series models were replaced after 1998 in the US, while the 2-door models lasted through 1999.
Models:
★ Europe
★
★ 1991-1994 '316i' - 1.6 L ''M40B18'' I4, 102 hp (76 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 102bhp 0-100 km/h: 11.8 sec., top speed: 186 km/h MT
★
★ 1995-1999 '316i' - 1.6 L ''M43B16'' I4, 102 hp (76 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L SOHC engine 102bhp 0-100 km/h: 11.8 sec., top speed: 186 km/h MT
★
★ 1991-1999 '318i' - 1.8 L ''M40B18'' I4, 115 hp (86 kW)
★
★ 1995-2000 '318iS/ti' - 1.9 L ''M44B19'' I4, 140 hp (103 kW)
★
★ 1991-1995 '320' - 2.0 L ''M50B20'' I6, 150 hp (112 kW)
★
★ 1992-1997 'M3' - 3.0 L ''S50B30'' I6 286 hp
★
★ 1995-1998 '323' - 2.4 L ''M52B25'' I6 170 hp
★
★ 1994-1999 '320' - 2.0 L ''M52B20'' I6
★
★ 1994-1999 '324' - 2.4 L ''M52B24'' I6
★
★ 1991-1995 '325' - 2.5 L ''M50B25'' I6 192 hp
★
★ 1995-2000 '328' - 2.8 L ''M52B28'' I6 193 hp
★
★ 1995-2000 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S50B32'' I6 321 hp
★ US
★
★ 1992-1995 '318iS' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 134 hp (100 kW)
★
★ 1995-1999 '318ti' - 1.8 L ''M42B18'' I4, 134 hp (100 kW)
★
★ 1992-1995 '325' - 2.5 L ''M50B25'' I6, 189 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1995 'M3' - 3.0 L ''S50B30US'' I6, 240 hp (179 kW)
★
★ 1996-1999 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S52B32'' I6, 240 hp (179 kW)
★
★ 1996-1999 '328' - 2.8 L ''M52B28'' I6, 190 hp (142 kW)
★
★ 1996-1999 '318' - 1.9 L ''M44B19'' I4, 138 hp (103 kW)
★
★ 1998 '323' - 2.5 L ''M52B25'' I6, 168 hp (125 kW)
E46
Main articles: BMW E46
BMW 318Ci
Updated E46 wagon (US)
BMW 320i (previous generation, pre-update)
BMW 3 Series Sport Coupe (last generation of its type, now replaced with the 1 Series )
2004 BMW 3-Series Convertible
The E46 chassis began to replace the E36 specification for 1998. Only the 4-door sedans were updated that year. The E36 coupé and touring models lasted one more year until the E46 replacements arrived for model year 2000. The 2.8 L cars were called 328 while 2.5 L cars got the confusing 323 name. The new ''M54'' engines appeared for 2001; with the new 3.0 L 330 replacing the 328, BMW renamed the 2.5 L car the 325. Also in 2001, the compact 3-door version appeared on the European market, but it was replaced in 2004 by the 1 series. During the second half of 2005 the E46 sedan and touring were phased out in favour of the new E90. The E46 coupé and convertible remain in production well into 2006. The E46 Coupe & Convertible used a "ci" (standing for coupe/injection) instead of "i".
Models:
★ Europe and other markets
★
★ 1998-2001 '316i' - 1.6 L, ''M43TUB16'', 105 hp (77 kW)
★
★
★ 1.6L DOHC engine 105bhp 0-100 km/h: 11.3 sec., top speed: 188 km/h MT
★
★ 2001-2005 '316i' - 1.8 L ''N42B18'', 116 hp (87 kW)
★
★ 1998-2001 '318i' - 1.9 L, 118 hp (87 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 '318i' - 2.0 L ''N42B20'', 143 hp (105 kW)
★
★ 2005-2006 '318Ci' - 2.0 L ''N42B20'', 150 hp (110 kW)
★
★ 1998-2000 '320i' - 2.0 L ''M52B20 T'', 150 hp (110 kW)
★
★ 2000-2006 '320i' - 2.2 L ''M54B22'', 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1998-2001 '323i' - 2.5 L ''M52B25 T'', 170 hp (125 kW)
★
★ 1998-2001 '328i' - 2.8 L ''M52B28 T'', 193 hp (142 kW)
★
★ 2000-2006 '325i' - 2.5 L ''M54B25'', 192 PS
★
★ 2000-2006 '330i' - 3.0 L ''M54B30'', 231 PS
★
★ 2000-2003 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S54B32'', 343 PS
★ US
★
★ 1999-2001 '323i' - 2.5 L ''M52B25 T'', 170 hp (127 kW)
★
★ 1999-2001 '328i' - 2.8 L ''M52B28 T'', 193 hp (144 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 '325i' - 2.5 L ''M54B25'', 184 hp (137 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 '330i' - 3.0 L ''M54B30'', 225 hp (168 kW)
★
★ 2006 '330ci - Convertible' - 3.0 L ''M54B30'', 225 hp (168 kW)
★
★ 2001-2005 'M3' - 3.2 L ''S54B32'', 333 hp (248 kW)
Diesel models:
★ 1998-2001 '320d' - 1951 cc, 136 hp (100 kW)
★ 2001-2006 '320d' - 1995 cc, 150 hp (110 kW)
★ 1998-2003 '330d' - 2926 cc, 184 hp (135 kW)
★ 2003-2006 '330d' - 2993 cc, 204 hp (150 kW)
E90
Main articles: BMW E90
The E90 is the new body style available from MY2006 to present, and is available as the sport sedan (E90), sport wagon (E91), sport coupe (E92), and sport coupe convertible (E93). The E90 series is completely re-engineered from the E46, including changes to motor choices, transmission, the passenger compartment comfort, suspension technology, as well as a host of High-Tech features and options.
Currently, four engine options are offered, two being part of the new 'N' series of BMW inline engines featuring a host of new technologies. Technological innovations such as lightweight magnesium/aluminum construction, electric water pump, Valvetronic (steplessly variable valve timing), and Double-VANOS variable valve timing all contribute to produce a lighter and more powerful motor than its predecessor, but yield a 15% increase in fuel economy. The E90 also marks BMW's return to Turbo Technology with the introduction of the E92 coupe. The N54 engine produces 300bhp and 300lbft torque.
The E90 series also marks another first for BMW -- a retractable hard top convertible.
'Note:'
The 325i and 330i are both powered by the same 3.0 L N52 engine, but the 330i features revised engine software and improved intake and exhaust systems to produce an additional 40 hp (255 vs. 215). MY2007 marks a motor change to increase the power from the motors, therefore a change to the badging of the vehicles. Canada also gets a 323i model which has a detuned 2.5 L gasoline-injected inline-six producing 200 hp (149 kW). The new 335i uses a twin-turbo powerplant, also seen on the 5 series models.
The 3-Series is manufactured at plants in South Africa and Germany.
Models:
★ 2005- '316i' - 1.6 L gasoline inline-four, 115 hp (85 kW)
★
★ 1.6L DOHC engine 0-100 km/h: 10.9 sec., top speed: 196 km/h MT
★ 2005- '318i' - 2.0 L gasoline inline-four, 129 hp (95 kW)
★ 2005- '318d' - 2.0 L diesel inline-four, 122 hp (90 kW)
★ 2005- '320i' - 2.0 L gasoline inline-four, 150 hp (110 kW)
★ 2006 '320si' - 2.0 L gasoline inline-four, 173 hp (126 kW). Limited production (2600 units worldwide).
★ 2005- '320d' - 2.0 L diesel inline-four, 163 hp (120 kW)
★ 2006- '323i' - 2.5 L (Canada, S Africa), gasoline inline-six, 174 hp (128 kW)
★ 2006- '325i' - 2.5 L gasoline inline-six 218 hp (160 kW)
★ 2006- '330i' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 258 hp (190 kW)
★ 2006- '325d' - 3.0 L diesel inline-six, 197 hp
★ 2006- '330d' - 3.0 L diesel inline-six, 231 hp (170 kW)
★ 2006- '335d' - 3.0 L twin-turbo diesel inline-six, 286 hp
★ 2007- '328i coupe' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328xi coupe' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '335i coupe' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2007- '328i sedan' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328xi sedan' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328xi touring' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328i sportwagon' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '328i Hardtop Cabriolet' - 3.0 L gasoline inline-six, 230 hp (169 kW) (271 N•m)
★ 2007- '335i sedan' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2007- '335xi sedan' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2007- '335i Hardtop Cabriolet' - 3.0 L twin-turbo gasoline inline-six, 306 hp (225 kW) and (400 Nm) 300 ft•lbf
★ 2008- 'M3 coupe and sedan'
In US:
★ 2006 '325i' - 3.0 L I6, 215 hp. ''Sedan Only.''
★ 2006 '325xi' - 3.0 L I6, 215 hp. ''Sedan and Sport Wagon available.''
★ 2006 '330i' - 3.0 L I6, 255 hp. ''Sedan Only.''
★ 2006 '330xi' - 3.0 L I6, 255 hp. ''Sedan Only.''
★ 2007- '328i' - 3.0 L I6, 230 hp. ''Sedan, Sport Wagon, Coupe, and Convertible available.''
★ 2007- '328xi' - 3.0 L I6, 230 hp. ''Sedan, Sport Wagon, and Coupe available.''
★ 2007- '335i' - 3.0 L I6, 300 hp. ''Sedan, Coupe and Convertible available.''
★ 2008- '335xi' - 3.0 L I6, 300 hp. ''Sedan and Coupe available.''
★ 2008- 'M3' - 4.0 L V8, 420 hp. ''Coupe''
★ 2009- 'M3' - 4.0 L V8, 420 hp. ''Convertible''
Awards
The 3 Series has been on ''Car and Driver'' magazine's annual Ten Best list 16 times, from 1992 through 2007, making it the longest running entry in the list [1]. The E90 was named "Best New Sports Sedan" in the 2006 Canadian Car of the Year awards. Also, it was awarded the ''World Car of the Year'' at the New York Auto Show in 2006.
Racing
The E36 320d won the 24 Hours Nürburgring in 1998.
The E46 3-Series is the car that won Andy Priaulx and BMW Team UK the World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) in 2005.
The E90 3-series repeated this feat in 2006.
This is a highly advertised achievement of BMW. The WTCC is one of the FIA's three World Championships (along with Formula One and the World Rally Championship).
The 3-Series' rear-wheel drive layout and its proven dynamics have both been attributed to its victory, though in Touring Car Racing, as almost every other motor sport, much of the skill is with the driver and their team tactics.
Andy Priaulx's BMW 320si (E90) during the 2006 World Touring Car Championship season.
Most of the time, the 3-Series cars in the British Touring Car Championship (BTCC) and other touring car championships have been penalised for being rear wheel drive and thus having better grip. In midway of 2002 European Touring Car Championship (ETCC) season, FIA decided to make new rules to compensate front-wheel drive layouted car being so victorious and added extra 15 kg ballast to front-wheel drive cars (Alfa Romeo 156) and rear-wheel drive cars (BMW) was reduced 15 kg. The 320si has been penalised in the WTCC for this reason to keep the sport competitive with the rest of the grid (Ford Focus, Chevrolet Lacetti, SEAT Leon, Alfa Romeo 156) being front-wheel drive. Despite these ballast weight penalties, the 320si's of the British, German and Italian/Spanish teams continually win races and points with their skilled drivers. Today the WTCC series has a rolling start to eliminate the better grip that rear-wheel drive cars have in starts.
The BMW 3-Series is currently used in both the SCCA Pro Racing Speed World Challenge Touring Car Series and the Grand American Road Racing Series. In the final 2006 Grand Am standings, BMW finished second in the manufacturer's standings in both the Grand Sport and Street Tuner classes, and Turner Motorsport prepped E46 BMWs won the driver's and team championships.
Notes
1.
2.
3.
External links
★ Official BMW 3 Series
★
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