BERLIN PHILHARMONIC

The 'Berliner Philharmoniker' ('Berlin Philharmonic'), is one of the world's leading orchestras. Its current principal conductor is Sir Simon Rattle, known for his championing of contemporary classical music. The BPO also supports several chamber music ensembles.
The funding for the organization is subsidized by the city of Berlin and a partnership with Deutsche Bank.

Contents

History

Principal conductors

Awards and recognition

In popular culture

See also

References

External links

History

The Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra was founded in Berlin in spring 1882 by 54 musicians under the name 'Frühere Bilsesche Kapelle' (former Bilse's Band); the group broke away after their previous conductor Benjamin Bilse announced his intention of taking the band on a fourth class train to Warsaw for a concert. The orchestra was given its current name and reorganized under the financial management of Hermann Wolff in 1887. Its first conductor under the new organization was Ludwig von Brenner; in 1887 Hans von Bülow, one of the most esteemed conductors in the world, joined, and from then on, the orchestra's reputation became established, with guests Hans Richter, Felix von Weingartner, Richard Strauss, Gustav Mahler, Johannes Brahms and Edvard Grieg conducting the orchestra over the next few years.
In 1895, Arthur Nikisch became chief conductor, and was succeeded in 1923 by Wilhelm Furtwängler. Despite several changes in leadership the orchestra continued to perform throughout World War II. After Furtwängler fled to Switzerland in 1945, Leo Borchard became chief conductor. This arrangement lasted only a few months, however, as Borchard was accidentally shot and killed by American forces occupying Berlin. Sergiu Celibidache then took over as chief conductor for seven years, from 1945 to 1952. Furtwängler returned in 1952 and conducted the orchestra until his death in 1954.
His successor was Herbert von Karajan, who led the orchestra from 1955 until 1989, resigning only months before his death in April of that year. Under him, the orchestra made a vast number of recordings and toured widely.
Claudio Abbado became principal conductor after him, expanding the orchestra's repertoire beyond the core classical and romantic works into more modern 20th century works. He stepped down from this post in 2002. During the post-unification period, the orchestra encountered financial problems resulting from budgetary stress in the city of Berlin.^[1] Several years after his departure as chief conductor, in 2006, the Orchestra Academy of the Berlin Philharmonic established the Claudio Abbado Composition Prize in Abbado's honour.^[2]
In June 1999, the musicians elected Sir Simon Rattle as their next chief conductor.^[3] Rattle made it a condition of his signing with the Berlin Philharmonic that it be turned into a self-governing public foundation, with the power to make its own artistic and financial decisions. This required a change to state law, which was approved in 2001, allowing him to join the organization in 2002. The current ''intendantin'' of the orchestra is Pamela Rosenberg.
In 2006, the orchestra announced it would investigate its role during the Nazi regime.^[4] In 2007, Misha Aster published the book ''The Reich's Orchestra'', his study of the relationship of the Berlin Philharmonic to the rulers of the Third Reich.^[5]
The first concert hall of the orchestra was destroyed during WWII in 1944. The new Berliner Philharmonie was built in 1963 by architect Hans Scharoun at the Kulturforum.

Principal conductors

★ Ludwig von Brenner (1882-1887) ★ Hans von Bülow (1887-1892) ★ Arthur Nikisch (1895-1922) ★ Wilhelm Furtwängler (1922-1945) ★ Leo Borchard (May-August 1945)

★ Sergiu Celibidache (1945-1952) ★ Wilhelm Furtwängler (1952-1954) ★ Herbert von Karajan (1954-1989) ★ Claudio Abbado (1989-2002) ★ Simon Rattle (2002-''present'')

Awards and recognition

; Classical BRIT Awards
:
★ 2001 - "Ensemble/Orchestral Album of the Year" - Sir Simon Rattle, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 10'' (EMI, 2000)
:
★ 2003 - "Ensemble/Orchestral Album of the Year" - Sir Simon Rattle, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 5'' (EMI, 2002)
; Grammy Awards
:
★ 1970 - Best Opera Recording - Herbert von Karajan, Helga Dernesch, Thomas Stolze, Jess Thomas, Wagner: ''Siegfried'' (DGG, 1969)
:
★ 1979 - Best Orchestral Performance - Herbert von Karajan, Beethoven: ''Symphonies (9) (Complete)''
:
★ 1993 - Best Orchestral Recording - Leonard Bernstein, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 9'' (DGG, 1992; recording 1979)
:
★ 1995 - Best Chamber Music Performance - Daniel Barenboim, Dale Clevenger, Larry Combs, Daniele Damiano, Hansjörg Schellenberger, Beethoven/Mozart: ''Quintets (Chicago-Berlin)'' (1994)
:
★ 1998 - Best Small Ensemble Performance - Claudio Abbado, ''Hindemith: Kammermusik Nr. 1 mit Finale 1921, Op. 24 No. 1'' (with members of Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra) (EMI, 1996)
:
★ 2000 - Best Classical Vocal Performance - Claudio Abbado, Anne Sofie von Otter, Thomas Quasthoff: ''Mahler: Des Knaben Wunderhorn'' (DGG, 1999)
:
★ 2001 - Best Orchestral Performance - Sir Simon Rattle, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 10'' (EMI, 2000)
:
★ 2007 - Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance With Orchestra - Antonio Pappano, Leif Ove Andsnes: ''Rachmaninov, Piano Concertos 1 & 2'' (EMI, 2006)
; Gramophone Awards
:
★ 1981 - "Orchestral Record of the Year" - Herbert von Karajan, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 9'' (DGG, 1980)
:
★ 1984 - "Record of the Year" - Herbert von Karajan, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 9'' (DGG, 1984; live recording 1982)
:
★ 2000 - "Orchestral Record of the Year" - Sir Simon Rattle, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 10'' (EMI, 2000)
:
★ 2004 - "Concerto" - Mariss Jansons, Leif Ove Andsnes, Grieg: ''Piano Concerto'' and Schumann: ''Piano Concerto'' (EMI, 2004)
:
★ 2006 - "Record of the Year" - Claudio Abbado, Mahler: ''Symphony No. 6'' (DGG, 2005)
; ECHO (formerly Deutscher Schallplattenpreis) of Deutsche Phono-Akademie
:
★ 2003 - ''Chorwerkeinspielung'' - Sir Simon Rattle, Rundfunkchor Berlin, MDR-Rundfunkchor Leipzig, Ernst-Senff-Chor Berlin, Karita Mattila, Anne Sofie von Otter, Thomas Moser, Philip Langridge, Thomas Quasthoff: ''Schoenberg'', ''Gurrelieder'' (EMI, 2002)
:
★ 2006 - ''Musik-DVD Produktion des Jahres'' - Sir Simon Rattle, Thomas Grube und Enrique Sánchez Lansch (Regie), Uwe Dierks (Produzent): ''Rhythm Is It!'' (2005)
:
★ 2006 - ''Sinfonische Einspielung'' - Claudio Abbado: ''Mahler'', ''Symphonie Nr. 6'' (DGG, 2005)
; Timbre de Platine (Platinum Stamp) awarded by ''Opéra International'' magazine [1]
:
★ 1987 - Riccardo Muti, Mozart: ''Requiem'' (EMI, 1987)

In popular culture

★ The soundtrack album for the movie '' offers a version of Strauss' ''Also sprach Zarathustra'' performed by the BPO conducted by Karl Böhm. (The version used in the movie itself was by the Vienna Philharmonic conducted by Karajan, uncredited, but copyright owner Decca Records didn't want to be associated with science-fiction.)

★ The BPO participated in playing heavy metal music with the German band Scorpions, on their 2000 album ''Moment of Glory ''.

See also

★ The 12 cellists of the Berlin Philharmonic

★ Berlin Symphony Orchestra

★ Music in Berlin

References

1. Band of no gold
2. Berlin Philharmonic Names Winner of First Claudio Abbado Composition Prize
3. Picking up the baton
4. Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra to probe Nazi-era history
5. Berlin Philharmonic 'was obedient servant of Hitler'

External links

★ Berliner Philharmoniker official website

★ "Economic Crisis Puts the Squeeze on Arts", a 2003 Deutsche Welle article

★ Discography at SonyBMG Masterworks

★ www.kulturforum-berlin.com : Website about the Kulturforum am Potsdamer Platz

★ Misha Aster, »Das Reichsorchester«, [2]