BORDETELLA BRONCHISEPTICA

'''Bordetella bronchiseptica''' is a bacterium of the genus ''Bordetella'' and a causative agent of infectious bronchitis. Sherris Medical Microbiology, Ryan KJ; Ray CG (editors), , , McGraw Hill, 2004, ISBN 0-8385-8529-9 Closely related to ''B. pertussis'' ''Bordetella''. ''In:'' Barron's Medical Microbiology ''(Barron S ''et al'', eds.), Finger H, von Koenig CHW, , , Univ of Texas Medical Branch, 1996, (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1 —the obligate human pathogen which causes pertussis or ''whooping cough''—''B. bronchiseptica'' can persist in the environment for extended periods.^[1]

Contents

Pathogenesis

Veterinary pathogenesis

References

Pathogenesis

Unlike ''B. pertussis'' or ''B. parapertussis'', humans are not natural carriers of ''B. bronchiseptica'', which typically infects the respiratory tracts of smaller mammals (cats, dogs, rabbits, etc).
While ''B. bronchiseptica'' does not express pertussis toxin which is one of the characteristic virulence factors of ''B. pertussis'', it does contain the genes to do so, highlighting the close evolutionary relationship between the two species.^[2],[3]

Veterinary pathogenesis

In veterinary medicine, ''B. bronchiseptica'' leads to a range of pathologies in different hosts. ''B. bronchiseptica'' and ''Pasteurella multocida'' act synergistically to cause atrophic rhinitis in pigs, a disease resulting in arrested growth and distortion of the turbinates in the nasal terminus (or snout) ^[4]. ''B. bronchiseptica'' is also a causative agent of acute tracheobronchitis in dogs ^[5] (see Kennel cough) and in rabbits and guinea pigs ''B. bronchiseptica'' leads to a nearly asymptomatic infection known as snuffles ^[6].

References

1. Environmental sensing mechanisms in Bordetella, Coote JG, , , Adv Microb Physiol, 2001
2. Mechanisms of ''Bordetella'' pathogenesis, Mattoo S, Foreman-Wykert AK, Cotter PA, Miller JF, , , Front Biosci, 2001
3. ''Bordetella pertussis'', the Causative Agent of Whooping Cough, Evolved from a Distinct, Human-Associated Lineage of ''B. bronchiseptica'', Diavatopoulos DA, Cummings CA, Schouls LM, Brinig MM, Relman DA, Mooi FR, , , PLoS Pathog, 2005
4. Atrophic Rhinitis
5. Wagener, J. S., R. Sobonya, L. Minnich and L. M. Taussig (1984). Role of canine parainfluenza virus and Bordetella bronchiseptica in kennel cough. ''Am J Vet Res'' '45'(9): 1862-6.
6. Burns, E. H., Jr., J. M. Norman, M. D. Hatcher and D. A. Bemis (1993). Fimbriae and determination of host species specificity of Bordetella bronchiseptica. ''J Clin Microbiol'' '31'(7): 1838-44