'Brooks Adams' (
June 24,
1848,
Quincy, Massachusetts -
February 13,
1927,
Boston), was an
American historian and a
critic of capitalism. He graduated from
Harvard University in 1870 and studied at
Harvard Law School in 1870 and 1871.
He believed that commercial civilizations rise and fall in predictable cycles. First, masses of people draw together in large population centers and engage in commercial activities. As their desire for wealth grows, they discard spiritual and creative values. Their greed leads to distrust and dishonesty, and eventually the society crumbles. In ''The Law of Civilisation and Decay'' (1895), Adams noted that as new population centers emerged in the west, centers of world trade shifted from
Constantinople to
Venice to
Amsterdam to
London. He predicted in ''America's Economic Supremacy'' (1900) that
New York would become the world trade center.
Adams was a grandson of
John Quincy Adams, a son of U.S. diplomat
Charles Francis Adams, and brother to
Henry Brooks Adams, philosopher, historian, and novelist, whose theories of history were influenced by his work.
Bibliography
★ ''The Emancipation of Massachusetts'' (1887)
★ ''The Gold Standard:An Historical Study'' (1894)
★ ''Law of Civilisation and Decay'' (1895)
★ ''America's Economic Supremacy'' (1900)
★ ''The New Empire'' (1902)
★ ''Theory of Social Revolutions'' (1913)
References
★
American National Biography, vol. 1, pp. 70-71.
★
World Book encyclopedia 1988
External links
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