C/1680 V1

'The Great Comet of 1680', formally known as 'C/1680 V1' or 'Kirch's Comet', has the distinction of being the first comet discovered by telescope. Discovered by Gottfried Kirch on November 14, 1680, it became one of the brightest comets of the 17th century--reputedly visible even in daytime--and was noted for its spectacularly long tail.[1] Passing only 0.4 AUs from Earth on November 30, it sped around an incredibly close perihelion of .006 AU (898,000km on December 18, 1680, reaching its peak brightness on December 29 as it rushed outward again.[2],[3] It was last observed on March 19, 1681.[4]
While the Kirch Comet of 1680-1681 was discovered and subsequently named for Gottfried KIRCH, credit must also be given to the Jesuit, Eusebio Francisco KINO (1645-1711), who charted the comet’s course. During his delayed departure for Mexico, KINO began his observations of the comet in Cadíz in late 1680. Upon his arrival in Mexico City, he published his ''Exposisión astronómica de el [sic] cometa'' (Mexico City, 1681) in which he presented his findings. KINO’s ''Exposisión astronómica'' is among one of the earliest scientific treaties published by a European in the New World. (H. E. BOLTON. ''Kino’s Historical Memoir of the Pimería Alta''. Cleveland, OH (USA): Arthur H. Clark, 1919. Reprint 1949).
Although it was a undeniably a sungrazing comet, it was probably not part of the Kreutz family.[5] Aside from its brilliance, it is probably most noted for being used by Isaac Newton to test and verify Kepler's laws.[6]

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References

References

★ JPL Orbit Diagram (Accessed 2/5/06)

★ JPL DASTCOM Comet Orbital Elements (Accessed 2/5/06)

★ Donald Yeomans, "Great Comets in History" (Accessed 8/1/07)

★ Henry Smith Williams, ''A History of Science'', Vol. 3. (Accessed 2/5/06)

★ James W. Werner, "The Great Comet of 1680". (Accessed 2/5/06)

★ Tony Hoffman, "A SOHO and Sungrazing Comet FAQ". (Accessed 2/6/06)