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EspañolCANTONS OF FRANCE
(Redirected from Canton in France)
The '''cantons'' of France' are administrative divisions subdividing ''arrondissements'' and ''départements''. They often group several municipalities (''communes'').
''Cantons'' number 4,032 among the 341 ''arrondissements'' and 100 ''départements'' of France.
The role of the ''canton'' is, essentially, to provide a framework for Regional elections. Each ''canton'' elects a person to represent it at the ''conseil général du département'' — or general council for the ''department'', which is the principal administrative division of the French Republic.
In urban areas, a single ''commune'' generally includes several ''cantons''. Conversely, in rural areas, a ''canton'' may comprise several smaller ''communes''. In which case, administrative services, the ''gendarmerie'' headquarters for example, are often situated in the principal town (''chef-lieu'') of the ''canton'',
although exceptions, such as ''cantons'' and , which have in common a "chief-town" which does not belong to either ''canton'', occur.
For statistical (INSEE) purposes, the twenty arrondissements of Paris — the administrative subdivision of that city — are sometimes considered ''cantons'', but they serve no greater electoral function.
''Cantons'' also form legal districts, as seats of ''Tribunaux d'instance'' or "Courts of First Instance" (also, "''TI''"...). Historically, the ''cantons'' are called ''justices de paix'' or "district courts".
The ''cantons'' were created in 1790 at the same time as the ''départements'' by the Revolutionary Committee for the Division of Territory (''Comité de division''). They were more numerous than today (between 40 and 60 to each ''département'').
''Cantons'' were, at first, grouped into what were called ''districts''. After the abolition of the ''district'' in 1800, they were reorganized by the Consulate into ''arrondissements''. The number of ''cantons'' was then drastically reduced (between 30 and 50 units) by the ''Loi du 8 pluviôse an IX'' (January 28, 1801), or the "Law for the Reduction of the Number of District Courts", or ''Loi portant réduction du nombre de justices de paix'' in French. The ''département'' prefects were told by the government to group the ''communes'' within newly established ''cantons''. The ''département'' lists, once approved by the government, were published in the ''Bulletin des Lois'' in 1801 and 1802; these lists are still the basis of the administrative divisions of France in place today, although ''cantons'' with small populations have been eliminated and new ''cantons'' created in areas of strong demographic growth. On the whole, their number has increased appreciably.
The number of ''cantons'' varies from one ''département'' to another; the Territoire de Belfort, for example, has 15, while Nord has 79. The island of Mayotte, which has an administrative form similar to that of a ''département'', is divided into 19 ''cantons''.
★ Administrative divisions of France
★ Canton (subnational entity)
★ List of cantons of France
The '''cantons'' of France' are administrative divisions subdividing ''arrondissements'' and ''départements''. They often group several municipalities (''communes'').
''Cantons'' number 4,032 among the 341 ''arrondissements'' and 100 ''départements'' of France.
| Contents |
| Role and administration |
| History |
| Statistics |
| See also |
Role and administration
The role of the ''canton'' is, essentially, to provide a framework for Regional elections. Each ''canton'' elects a person to represent it at the ''conseil général du département'' — or general council for the ''department'', which is the principal administrative division of the French Republic.
In urban areas, a single ''commune'' generally includes several ''cantons''. Conversely, in rural areas, a ''canton'' may comprise several smaller ''communes''. In which case, administrative services, the ''gendarmerie'' headquarters for example, are often situated in the principal town (''chef-lieu'') of the ''canton'',
although exceptions, such as ''cantons'' and , which have in common a "chief-town" which does not belong to either ''canton'', occur.
For statistical (INSEE) purposes, the twenty arrondissements of Paris — the administrative subdivision of that city — are sometimes considered ''cantons'', but they serve no greater electoral function.
''Cantons'' also form legal districts, as seats of ''Tribunaux d'instance'' or "Courts of First Instance" (also, "''TI''"...). Historically, the ''cantons'' are called ''justices de paix'' or "district courts".
History
The ''cantons'' were created in 1790 at the same time as the ''départements'' by the Revolutionary Committee for the Division of Territory (''Comité de division''). They were more numerous than today (between 40 and 60 to each ''département'').
''Cantons'' were, at first, grouped into what were called ''districts''. After the abolition of the ''district'' in 1800, they were reorganized by the Consulate into ''arrondissements''. The number of ''cantons'' was then drastically reduced (between 30 and 50 units) by the ''Loi du 8 pluviôse an IX'' (January 28, 1801), or the "Law for the Reduction of the Number of District Courts", or ''Loi portant réduction du nombre de justices de paix'' in French. The ''département'' prefects were told by the government to group the ''communes'' within newly established ''cantons''. The ''département'' lists, once approved by the government, were published in the ''Bulletin des Lois'' in 1801 and 1802; these lists are still the basis of the administrative divisions of France in place today, although ''cantons'' with small populations have been eliminated and new ''cantons'' created in areas of strong demographic growth. On the whole, their number has increased appreciably.
Statistics
The number of ''cantons'' varies from one ''département'' to another; the Territoire de Belfort, for example, has 15, while Nord has 79. The island of Mayotte, which has an administrative form similar to that of a ''département'', is divided into 19 ''cantons''.
See also
★ Administrative divisions of France
★ Canton (subnational entity)
★ List of cantons of France
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