CAPRIFOLIACEAE

The 'Caprifoliaceae' or 'honeysuckle family' is a clade consisting of about 800 dicotyledonous flowering plants, with a nearly cosmopolitan distribution; centres of diversity are found in eastern North America and eastern Asia, while they are absent in tropical and southern Africa.
They are mostly shrubs and vines, rarely herbs, including some ornamental garden plants in temperate regions. The leaves are mostly opposite with no stipules (= appendage at the base of a leafstalk or petiole), and may be either evergreen or deciduous. The flowers are tubular funnel-shaped or bell-like, usually with five outward spreading lobes or points, and are often fragrant. They usually form a small calyx with small bracts. The fruit is in most cases a berry or a drupe. The genera, ''Diervilla'' and ''Weigela'', have capsular fruit.

Contents

Taxonomy

Uses

References

External links

Taxonomy

(with approximate numbers of species).
Much of the debate over the taxonomy of this group has been settled. Two of the most familiar members of the family, the elder and the viburnum, have been moved into Adoxaceae, along with some other genera.
The evolutionary taxonomy of this group includes
'Diervilleae'

★ ''Diervilla'' (Bush Honeysuckle): 3 species

★ ''Weigela'': 10 species.
'Heptacodium'

★ ''Heptacodium'' (Seven-son Flower): 1 species
'Caprifolieae'

★ ''Leycesteria'': 6 species

★ ''Lonicera'' (Honeysuckle): 180 species

★ ''Symphoricarpos'' (Snowberry): 17 species

★ ''Triosteum'' (Horsegentian): 6 species
'Linnaeaceae'

★ ''Abelia '': 30 species

★ ''Dipelta'': 4 species

★ ''Kolkwitzia'' (Beautybush): 1 species

★ ''Linnaea'' : (Twinflower) : 1 species
'Morinaceae'

★ ''Cryptothladia ''

★ ''Morina''
'Dipsacaceae'

★ ''Acanthocalyx''

★ ''Pterocephalus''

★ ''Dipsacus ''

★ ''Scabiosa''
'Triplostegia'

★ ''Triplostegia''
'Valerianaceae'

★ ''Patrina''

★ ''Nardostachys ''

★ ''Centranthus''

★ ''Plectritis''

★ ''Valeriana''

★ ''Valerianella ''

★ ''Fedia''
No longer included in Caprifoliaceae:
(regarded by some as belonging to a separate family Adoxaceae /Alseuosmiaceae)

★ ''Alseuosmia'' : 8 species

★ ''Memecylanthus'' : 1 species

★ ''Periomphale'' : 2 species
(regarded by some as belonging to a separate family Adoxaceae /Carlemanniaceae)

★ ''Carlemannia'' : 3 species

★ ''Silvianthus'' : 2 species.

Uses

The plants belonging to this family are mainly hardy ornamental shrubs or vines, many popular garden shrubs, especially ''Lonicera''. A few have become invasive weeds outside of their native ranges (such as ''Lonicera japonica'').

References

★ Flowering Plants of the World, 1987, Vernon H. Heywood, Andromeda Oxford Ltd., ISBN 90-5210-165-5

★ Botanica, Gordon Cheers, Random House Australia, ISBN 3-8290-1953-X

External links

★ Caprifoliaceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval. http://delta-intkey.com

★ Concordance of Angiosperm Family Names

★ Species account : Caprifoliaceae

★ Comparison Table for the Cornidae