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EspañolPHYSICAL DEPENDENCE
(Redirected from Chemical dependency)
'Physical dependence' refers to a state resulting from habitual use of a drug, where negative physical withdrawal symptoms result from abrupt discontinuation.[1]
Increased heart rate and/or blood pressure, sweating, and tremors are common signs of withdrawal. More serious symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and visual hallucinations indicate a serious emergency and the need for immediate medical care. Alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates are the only commonly abused substances that can be fatal in withdrawal. Though extremely unpleasant and potentially dramatic, withdrawal from opiates does not pose a direct medical threat.
Treatment for physical dependence depends upon the drug being withdrawn and often includes administration of another drug, especially for substances that can be dangerous when abruptly discontinued. Treatment usually requires the initiation and then tapering of a medication that has a similar action in the brain but a longer half-life.
Physical dependence is different from addiction. The latter is often characterized by a psychological need for a drug, while the former can often be the result of legal, long-term use of medicine.[2]
★ barbiturates
★ benzodiazepines
★ caffeine
★ ethyl alcohol (alcoholic beverage)
★ GHB
★ methaqualone (Quaalude®)
★ nicotine
★ opioids
★ Amphetamines
1. Drug Addiction
2. Drug Abuse - Addiction vs. Dependence
★ Discontinuation syndrome
★ Rebound insomnia
★ National Institutes of Health MedlinePlus Encyclopedia
★ ''Drugs causing physical dependence taken from Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, Section 15, Chapter 195" Merck Manual.''
'Physical dependence' refers to a state resulting from habitual use of a drug, where negative physical withdrawal symptoms result from abrupt discontinuation.[1]
| Contents |
| Symptoms |
| Treatment |
| Difference from Addiction |
| Drugs that cause physical dependence |
| References |
| See also |
| External links |
Symptoms
Increased heart rate and/or blood pressure, sweating, and tremors are common signs of withdrawal. More serious symptoms such as confusion, seizures, and visual hallucinations indicate a serious emergency and the need for immediate medical care. Alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates are the only commonly abused substances that can be fatal in withdrawal. Though extremely unpleasant and potentially dramatic, withdrawal from opiates does not pose a direct medical threat.
Treatment
Treatment for physical dependence depends upon the drug being withdrawn and often includes administration of another drug, especially for substances that can be dangerous when abruptly discontinued. Treatment usually requires the initiation and then tapering of a medication that has a similar action in the brain but a longer half-life.
Difference from Addiction
Physical dependence is different from addiction. The latter is often characterized by a psychological need for a drug, while the former can often be the result of legal, long-term use of medicine.[2]
Drugs that cause physical dependence
★ barbiturates
★ benzodiazepines
★ caffeine
★ ethyl alcohol (alcoholic beverage)
★ GHB
★ methaqualone (Quaalude®)
★ nicotine
★ opioids
★ Amphetamines
References
1. Drug Addiction
2. Drug Abuse - Addiction vs. Dependence
See also
★ Discontinuation syndrome
★ Rebound insomnia
External links
★ National Institutes of Health MedlinePlus Encyclopedia
★ ''Drugs causing physical dependence taken from Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, Section 15, Chapter 195" Merck Manual.''
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