العربية
中国
Français
Deutsch
Ελληνική
हिन्दी
Italiano
日本語
Português
Русский
EspañolCHERNIVTSI
(Redirected from Chernovtsy)
'Chernivtsi' (; ; ; , translit. ''Chernovtsy''; ; ; ) is a city located in the administrative Chernivtsi Oblast (province) and historic Northern Bukovyna region of western Ukraine.
Chernivtsi is the administrative center of Chernivtsi Oblast, and is also designated as a "city of oblast subordinance," thus being directly subordinate to the oblast authorities rather than the city administration housed within the city.
With the city of Lviv, Chernivtsi is considered to be a cultural centre of western Ukraine. Many famous Ukrainians were born or lived in the city ranging from the poet Ivan Franko to the first President of Ukraine Leonid Kravchuk. Chernivtsi is also considered as one of Romania's greatest cultural and educational centres in history. As cultural centre, Chernivtsi was dubbed as ''Little Vienna'', Jerusalem upon the Prut and the European Alexandria.
Chernivtsi has many sister cities. Chernivtsi is also a major point of railway and highway crossings in the region, and also houses an airport.
Chernivtsi is located in the historic Northern Bukovyna region of western Ukraine. The city lies 248 metres above sea level and is surrounded by forests and fields. The Prut River runs through the city's landscape.
Archeological evidence discovered in the area of Chernivtsi indicates that a local population existed in that area since the neolithic era. Later settlements included those of the Trypillian culture (''Cucuteni''), the Corded Ware culture; artifacts from the Bronze and Iron ages were also found in the city. Remains of the early Slavic tribes in the area date back to the 2nd–5th centuries, with the artifacts of Chroatian and Tiverian peoples from the 9th–11th centuries being also present.
A fortified settlement, located on the left shore of Prut River, dates back to the time of the Principality of Halych and is thought to have been built by Grand Prince Yaroslav Osmomysl, who ruled from 1153-1187. Legendary accounts refer to this fortress-city as "''Chern’''", or "Black city", and it is said to owe its name to the black colour of the city walls, built from dark oak layered with local black-coloured soil.[1] This stronghold was unfortunately destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Rus' by the Burundai in 1259. However, the remaining ramparts of the fortress were still used for the defense purposes; they were augmented with several bastions, one of which is still extant, in the seventeenth century. Following the destruction of the fortress, later settlements in the area centered to the right of the Prut river, at a more strategically advantageous, elevated location.
Beginning in 1359, the city and its surroundings came under the control of the neighboring Principality of Moldavia. Chernivtsi is mentioned in business correspondence between Prince Alexandru cel Bun and merchants from Lviv (then a part of Poland) on October 8, 1408.
The city became a part of the Duchy of Bukovina, a crownland of the Austrian Empire, in 1775 and received Magdeburg rights soon thereafter.[2] During the 19th and early 20th century, Chernirvtsi became a center of the Ukrainian nationalist movement.
Chernivtsi was the site of the first Yiddish language conference in 1908; this was coordinated by Nathan Birnbaum.
When Austria-Hungary dissolved in 1918, the city and its surrounding area became a part of the Kingdom of Romania. In 1940, Red Army forces claimed the area and it subsequently became a part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the USSR.
Romania re-took control of the city and much of southern Ukraine in 1941 as part of the Axis attack on the Soviet Union during World War II. When Axis forces were driven out by the Soviet Army, the city rejoined the Ukrainian SSR (1944).
Since 1991, Chernitvtsi has been a part of independent Ukraine. In May 1999, Romania opened a consulate general in the city.
In 1930, according to the Romanian census, the population of the city was 26.8 % Jewish, 23.2% Romanians, 20.8% Germans, 18.6% Ukrainians, and 1.5% Russians.
The Romanian population in Chernivtsi started decreasing rapidly after 1950. Many Romanians fled to Romania or were deported to Siberia (where most of them died), and the remaining Romanian population quickly became a minority and assimilated with the majority.[3] Nowadays, the Romanian minority in Chernivtsi is still decreasing as a result of cultural assimilation and emigration to Romania.
Chernivtsi once had a Jewish community of 50,000, about half of whom survived WWII thanks to the intercession of a Romanian lawyer and reserve officer, Theodor Criveanu.[4]
However, following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the majority of the Jewish population emigrated to Israel and the United States.
The population of the city, as of January 1, 1998, was approximately 295,000 residents. Among these, there are some 172,000 Ukrainians, 46,000 Russians, 16,000 Romanians, 13,000 Moldavians, 7,000 Poles and others.
According to the updated data of the All-Ukrainian population census of 2001, the population of Chernivtsi was approximately 236,700 people of 65 nationalities. Among them, 189,000 (79.8%) are Ukrainians, 26,700 (11.3%) Russians, 10,500 (4.4%) Romanians; 3,800 (1.6%) Moldavians, 1,400 (0.6%) Polish; 1,300 (0.6%) Jews; 2,900 (1.2%) other nationalities.
★ Chernivtsi University
★ List of people from Chernivtsi
1. http://www.city.cv.ua/English/History/
2. http://heraldry.com.ua/index.php3?lang=E&context=info&id=1155
3. For more information, see the Russification article.
4. http://www.bridgesforpeace.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=3883
★ Chernivtsi City official site /
★ An un-official page of Chernivtsi history
★ Chernivtsi photo gallery and links
★ Czernowitz Jewish Genealogy: history, maps, photos, stories, documents
'Chernivtsi' (; ; ; , translit. ''Chernovtsy''; ; ; ) is a city located in the administrative Chernivtsi Oblast (province) and historic Northern Bukovyna region of western Ukraine.
Chernivtsi is the administrative center of Chernivtsi Oblast, and is also designated as a "city of oblast subordinance," thus being directly subordinate to the oblast authorities rather than the city administration housed within the city.
With the city of Lviv, Chernivtsi is considered to be a cultural centre of western Ukraine. Many famous Ukrainians were born or lived in the city ranging from the poet Ivan Franko to the first President of Ukraine Leonid Kravchuk. Chernivtsi is also considered as one of Romania's greatest cultural and educational centres in history. As cultural centre, Chernivtsi was dubbed as ''Little Vienna'', Jerusalem upon the Prut and the European Alexandria.
Chernivtsi has many sister cities. Chernivtsi is also a major point of railway and highway crossings in the region, and also houses an airport.
| Contents |
| Geography |
| History |
| Demographics |
| See also |
| References |
| External links |
Geography
Chernivtsi is located in the historic Northern Bukovyna region of western Ukraine. The city lies 248 metres above sea level and is surrounded by forests and fields. The Prut River runs through the city's landscape.
History
Archeological evidence discovered in the area of Chernivtsi indicates that a local population existed in that area since the neolithic era. Later settlements included those of the Trypillian culture (''Cucuteni''), the Corded Ware culture; artifacts from the Bronze and Iron ages were also found in the city. Remains of the early Slavic tribes in the area date back to the 2nd–5th centuries, with the artifacts of Chroatian and Tiverian peoples from the 9th–11th centuries being also present.
A fortified settlement, located on the left shore of Prut River, dates back to the time of the Principality of Halych and is thought to have been built by Grand Prince Yaroslav Osmomysl, who ruled from 1153-1187. Legendary accounts refer to this fortress-city as "''Chern’''", or "Black city", and it is said to owe its name to the black colour of the city walls, built from dark oak layered with local black-coloured soil.[1] This stronghold was unfortunately destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Rus' by the Burundai in 1259. However, the remaining ramparts of the fortress were still used for the defense purposes; they were augmented with several bastions, one of which is still extant, in the seventeenth century. Following the destruction of the fortress, later settlements in the area centered to the right of the Prut river, at a more strategically advantageous, elevated location.
Beginning in 1359, the city and its surroundings came under the control of the neighboring Principality of Moldavia. Chernivtsi is mentioned in business correspondence between Prince Alexandru cel Bun and merchants from Lviv (then a part of Poland) on October 8, 1408.
The city became a part of the Duchy of Bukovina, a crownland of the Austrian Empire, in 1775 and received Magdeburg rights soon thereafter.[2] During the 19th and early 20th century, Chernirvtsi became a center of the Ukrainian nationalist movement.
Chernivtsi was the site of the first Yiddish language conference in 1908; this was coordinated by Nathan Birnbaum.
When Austria-Hungary dissolved in 1918, the city and its surrounding area became a part of the Kingdom of Romania. In 1940, Red Army forces claimed the area and it subsequently became a part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the USSR.
Romania re-took control of the city and much of southern Ukraine in 1941 as part of the Axis attack on the Soviet Union during World War II. When Axis forces were driven out by the Soviet Army, the city rejoined the Ukrainian SSR (1944).
Since 1991, Chernitvtsi has been a part of independent Ukraine. In May 1999, Romania opened a consulate general in the city.
Demographics
Olha Kobylyanska street.
In 1930, according to the Romanian census, the population of the city was 26.8 % Jewish, 23.2% Romanians, 20.8% Germans, 18.6% Ukrainians, and 1.5% Russians.
The Romanian population in Chernivtsi started decreasing rapidly after 1950. Many Romanians fled to Romania or were deported to Siberia (where most of them died), and the remaining Romanian population quickly became a minority and assimilated with the majority.[3] Nowadays, the Romanian minority in Chernivtsi is still decreasing as a result of cultural assimilation and emigration to Romania.
Chernivtsi once had a Jewish community of 50,000, about half of whom survived WWII thanks to the intercession of a Romanian lawyer and reserve officer, Theodor Criveanu.[4]
However, following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the majority of the Jewish population emigrated to Israel and the United States.
The population of the city, as of January 1, 1998, was approximately 295,000 residents. Among these, there are some 172,000 Ukrainians, 46,000 Russians, 16,000 Romanians, 13,000 Moldavians, 7,000 Poles and others.
According to the updated data of the All-Ukrainian population census of 2001, the population of Chernivtsi was approximately 236,700 people of 65 nationalities. Among them, 189,000 (79.8%) are Ukrainians, 26,700 (11.3%) Russians, 10,500 (4.4%) Romanians; 3,800 (1.6%) Moldavians, 1,400 (0.6%) Polish; 1,300 (0.6%) Jews; 2,900 (1.2%) other nationalities.
See also
★ Chernivtsi University
★ List of people from Chernivtsi
References
1. http://www.city.cv.ua/English/History/
2. http://heraldry.com.ua/index.php3?lang=E&context=info&id=1155
3. For more information, see the Russification article.
4. http://www.bridgesforpeace.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=3883
External links
★ Chernivtsi City official site /
★ An un-official page of Chernivtsi history
★ Chernivtsi photo gallery and links
★ Czernowitz Jewish Genealogy: history, maps, photos, stories, documents
This article provided by Wikipedia. To edit the contents of this article, click here for original source.
psst.. try this: add to faves
Featured Companies
| Vacation By V | |
| Optimum 1 Travel | |
| Golf Holidays International |
Chernivtsi Companies
Below is the list of travel companies in Chernivtsi we have in our travel directory
- Travel Agents (2)
