CLARION (INSTRUMENT)

The 'clarion' or 'claro' (from the Latin word, ''clarus'' "clear," "penetrating," "loud," "shrill") is a type of cylindrical brass instrument dating from the eleventh to fourteenth centuries. The clarion is the ancestor to the trumpet and was used by cavalries in camp and as a signal during war. It had a narrower, and perhaps shorter, tube and produced a more acute and shrill tone than the modern trumpet.
'Clarin' or 'clarino' also came to refer to melodic playing in the upper register of the trumpet "with a soft and melodious, singing tone, as distinct from 'principale playing' (''Principalblasen''), which meant to play with a powerful, blasting tone [in the lower register]."[1]

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★ Reine Dahlqvist and Edward H. Tarr, "Clarino," ''Grove Music Online'', http://grovemusic.com [Accessed: 23 November 2006].

★ Forsyth, Cecil (1982). ''Orchestration''. Dover Publications Inc. ISBN 0-486-24383-4

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