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'''Combat''' (French for "fight") was a French newspaper created during the Second World War. Originally a clandestine newspaper of the Resistance, it was headed by Albert Ollivier, Jean Bloch-Michel, Georges Altschuler and, most of all, Albert Camus. Jean-Paul Sartre, André Malraux, Emmanuel Mounier, and then Raymond Aron and Pierre Herbart also contributed to it. Its production was directed by André Bollier until Milice repression led to his death.
In August 1944, ''Combat'' took the headquarters of ''L'Intransigeant'', 100 Rue Réaumur in Paris, while Albert Camus became its editor in chief. The newspaper's production run increased from 185,000 copies in January 1945 to 150,000 in August of the same year: it wasn't able to rival with others established newspapers (the Communist daily ''L'Humanité'' was publishing at the time 500,000 copies). During 1946, ''Combat'' was opposed to the "game of the parties" claiming to rebuild France, and thus became closer to Charles de Gaulle without, however, becoming the official voice of his movement.
Loyal to its origins, ''Combat'' tried to become the place of expression for those who believed in creating a popular non-Communist Left movement in France. In July 1948 (more than a year after the May 1947 crisis and the expulsion of the Communist ministers from the government), Victor Fay, a Marxist activist, took over ''Combat'' 's direction, but he failed to stop the newspaper's evolution towards more popular subjects and less political information.
Philippe Tesson became editor in chief from 1960 to 1974. Henri Smadja originally thought Tesson could be a perfect puppet-editor but Smadja's situation, in part because of the Tunisian regime, got worse. In March 1974, Philippe Tesson created ''Le Quotidien de Paris'' (1974-1996), which he originally conceived as the successor of ''Combat''.
During the May 1968 crisis, ''Combat'' enthusiastically supported the student movement, through the signatures of the likes of Jacques-Arnaud Penent.
Henri Smadja committed suicide on July 14, 1974, and ''Combat'' definitively ceased to be edited the following month.
★ Albert Camus's articles in ''Combat'' were re-published in French under the title ''Actuelles'' (Folio Gallimard)
★ France in the twentieth century
★ Fourth Republic (1946-1958)
★ Albert Camus' editorial on August 8, 1945 concerning the Hiroshima bombing ( but machine translators software available)
In August 1944, ''Combat'' took the headquarters of ''L'Intransigeant'', 100 Rue Réaumur in Paris, while Albert Camus became its editor in chief. The newspaper's production run increased from 185,000 copies in January 1945 to 150,000 in August of the same year: it wasn't able to rival with others established newspapers (the Communist daily ''L'Humanité'' was publishing at the time 500,000 copies). During 1946, ''Combat'' was opposed to the "game of the parties" claiming to rebuild France, and thus became closer to Charles de Gaulle without, however, becoming the official voice of his movement.
Loyal to its origins, ''Combat'' tried to become the place of expression for those who believed in creating a popular non-Communist Left movement in France. In July 1948 (more than a year after the May 1947 crisis and the expulsion of the Communist ministers from the government), Victor Fay, a Marxist activist, took over ''Combat'' 's direction, but he failed to stop the newspaper's evolution towards more popular subjects and less political information.
Philippe Tesson became editor in chief from 1960 to 1974. Henri Smadja originally thought Tesson could be a perfect puppet-editor but Smadja's situation, in part because of the Tunisian regime, got worse. In March 1974, Philippe Tesson created ''Le Quotidien de Paris'' (1974-1996), which he originally conceived as the successor of ''Combat''.
During the May 1968 crisis, ''Combat'' enthusiastically supported the student movement, through the signatures of the likes of Jacques-Arnaud Penent.
Henri Smadja committed suicide on July 14, 1974, and ''Combat'' definitively ceased to be edited the following month.
| Contents |
| References |
| See also |
| External links |
References
★ Albert Camus's articles in ''Combat'' were re-published in French under the title ''Actuelles'' (Folio Gallimard)
See also
★ France in the twentieth century
★ Fourth Republic (1946-1958)
External links
★ Albert Camus' editorial on August 8, 1945 concerning the Hiroshima bombing ( but machine translators software available)
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