CULTURAL CRITIC

A 'cultural critic' is a critic of a given culture, usually as a whole and typically on a radical basis. There is significant overlap with Social Criticism and Social Philosophers

Contents

Terminology

Victorian sages as critics

Twentieth century

Examples of contemporary usage

Notable Cultural Critics

See also

Notes

External link

Terminology

A cultural critic therefore stands, in relation to intellectual or artistic life, or certain social arrangements or educational practices, roughly where a prophet would in respect of religious life. 'Cultural criticism' is normally understood to deal with some fundamental perceived problems, rather than minor improvements: it is asserted that things are heading in the wrong direction, or that values are wrongly placed. These terms may, however, be used in a more diffuse way.
The term ''cultural criticism'' itself has been claimed by Jacques Barzun: ''No such thing was recognized or in favour when we [i.e. Barzun and Trilling] began — more by intuition than design — in the autumn of 1934''.^[1][2] In contrast, a work such as Richard Wolin's 1995 ''The Terms of Cultural Criticism: The Frankfurt School, Existentialism, Poststructuralism'' (1995) uses it as a broad-brush description. Contemporary usage has tended to include all types of criticism directed at culture.

Victorian sages as critics

Cultural critics came to the scene in the nineteenth century. Matthew Arnold^[3] and Thomas Carlyle are leading examples of a cultural critic of the Victorian age; in Arnold there is also a concern for religion. John Ruskin was another. Because of an equation made between ugliness of material surroundings and an impoverished life, aesthetes and others might be considered implicitly to be engaging in cultural criticism, but the actual articulation is what makes a critic. In France, Charles Baudelaire was a cultural critic.

Twentieth century

In the twentieth century Irving Babbitt on the right, and Walter Benjamin^[4] on the left, might be considered major cultural critics. The field of play has changed considerably, in that the humanities have broadened to include cultural studies of all kinds. A cultural critic might still be distinguished by being firmly judgmental, rather than concentrating on the role of objective scholar.

Examples of contemporary usage

★ Allan Bloom^[5]

★ Henry Louis Gates, Jr.^[6]

★ Roger Kimball^[7]

Notable Cultural Critics

★ Influenced by Marx

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★ Antonio Gramsci

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★ Georg Lukács

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★ The Frankfrurt School

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★
★ Walter Benjamin

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★
★ Theodore Adorno

★
★
★ Max Horkheimer

★
★
★ Leo Lowenthal

★
★ Jean-Paul Sartre

★
★ Louis Althusser

★
★ Raymond Williams

★
★ E.P. Thompson

★
★ Guy Debord

★
★ Jürgen Habermas

★
★ Angela Davis

★
★ Stuart Hall

★
★ Terry Eagleton

★
★ Frederic Jameson

★ Post-Modern

★
★ Jacques Derrida

★
★ Michel Foucault

★
★ Jean Lyotard

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★ Jean Baudrillard

★ Feminist

★
★ Simone de Beauvoir

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★ Judith Butler

★
★ Luce Irigaray

★
★ Donna Haraway

★ Neil Postman

★ Pierre Bourdieu

★ Sigmund Freud

★ Cornel West

★ Christopher Lasch

★ Harold Bloom

★ Richard Hoggart

See also

★ Culture theory

★ Social criticism

★ social philosophy

Notes

1. ''Remembering Lionel Trilling'', (1976), reprinted in ''The Jacques Barzun Reader'' (2002).
2. Casey Nelson Blake, a professor at Columbia University where Barzun and Trilling were, uses the term in the 1990 book title ''Beloved Community: The Cultural Criticism of Randolph Bourne, Van Wyck Brooks, Waldo Frank, and Lewis Mumford''.
3. His much-cited ''Culture and Anarchy'' was subtitled ''An Essay in Political and Social Criticism''.
4. E.g. Richard Wolin, ''Walter Benjamin: An Aesthetic of Redemption'' (1994), series ''Weimar and Now: German Cultural Criticism'', 7.
5. [1]
6. [2]
7. Self-description [3].

External link

★ ''Joseph Wood Krutch as a Cultural Critic'' by John Margolis