DYSPNEA

'Dyspnea' or 'Dyspnoea' (Pronounced ''disp-nee-ah'', from the Latin ''dyspnoea'', Greek ''dyspnoia'' from ''dyspnoos'', shortness of breath) or 'short of breath' ('SOB') is perceived difficulty breathing or painful breathing. It is a common symptom of numerous medical disorders.
'Dyspnea on exertion' ('DOE' or 'exertional dyspnea') indicates dyspnea that occurs (or worsens) during physical activity.

Contents

Disorders of the lungs

Obstructive lung diseases

Diseases of lung parenchyma and pleura

Contagious

Non-contagious

Pulmonary vascular diseases

Other causes of diminished breathing

Obstruction of the airway

Immobilization of the diaphragm

Restriction of the chest volume

Disorders of the cardiovascular system

Disorders of the blood and metabolism

Disorders affecting breathing nerves and muscles

Psychological conditions

See also

References

External links

Disorders of the lungs

Obstructive lung diseases

★ Asthma

★ Bronchitis

★ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

★ Cystic fibrosis

★ Emphysema

★ Laryngeal edema due to allergies

Diseases of lung parenchyma and pleura

Contagious

★ Anthrax through inhalation of ''Bacillus anthracis''

★ Pneumonia

★ Severe acute respiratory syndrome

Non-contagious

★ Fibrosing alveolitis

★ Atelectasis

★ Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

★ Interstitial lung disease

★ Lung cancer

★ Pleural effusion

★ Pneumoconiosis

★ Pneumothorax

★ Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema or acute respiratory distress syndrome

★ Sarcoidosis

Pulmonary vascular diseases

★ Acute or recurrent pulmonary emboli

★ Pulmonary hypertension, primary or secondary

★ Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease

★ Superior vena cava syndrome

Other causes of diminished breathing

Obstruction of the airway

★ Cancer of the larynx or pharynx

★ Empty nose syndrome

★ Pulmonary aspiration

Immobilization of the diaphragm

★ Lesion of the phrenic nerve

★ Polycystic liver disease

★ Tumor in the diaphragm

Restriction of the chest volume

★ Ankylosing spondylitis

★ Broken ribs

★ Kyphosis of the spine

★ Obesity

★ Pregnancy

★ Pectus excavatum

★ Scoliosis

Disorders of the cardiovascular system

★ Aortic dissection

★ Cardiomyopathy

★ Congenital heart disease

★ Heart failure

★ Ischaemic heart disease

★ Malignant hypertension

★ Pericardium disorders, including:

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★ Cardiac tamponade

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★ Constrictive pericarditis

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★ Pericardial effusion

★ Pulmonary edema

★ Pulmonary embolism

★ Valvular heart disease

Disorders of the blood and metabolism

★ Anemia

★ Hypothyroidism

★ Metabolic acidosis

★ Sepsis

Disorders affecting breathing nerves and muscles

★ Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

★ Guillain-Barré syndrome

★ Multiple sclerosis

★ Myasthenia gravis

Psychological conditions

★ Anxiety disorders and panic attacks

See also

★ Air hunger

★ Tachypnea

★ Bradypnea

★ Eupnea

★ Orthopnea

★ Trepopnea

★ Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

References

Stedman's Medical Dictionary, 28th Edition, , , Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Julie K. Stegman, ,

External links

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