EASTMAN COLOR NEGATIVE

'Eastman Color Negative', specifically abbreviated as 'ECN', is a photographic processing system created by Kodak in the 1950s for the development of monopack color negative motion picture film stock. The original process, now known as ECN-1, was used from the 1950s to the 1970s, and involved development at approximately 25° C for around 7-9 minutes. Later research enabled faster development (and thus quicker photo lab turnaround time) through the use of a higher development temperature of 41.1° C for around 3 minutes. This "hotter" development system is known as ECN-2, and is the standard development process for all modern color negative development, including even Fuji and other non-Kodak film manufacturers. All film stock types are specifically created for a particular process, and thus an ECN-1 film could not be put into an ECN-2 development bath; primarily, this is because ECN-2 film stock is hardened to be more tolerant of the higher temperatures of the bath.

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References

★ Hanson, Wesley T. Jr. "Color Negative and Color Positive Film for Motion Picture Use." Journal of the SMPTE, March 1952, Volume 58, pages 223-238.