EMPRESS GO-SAKURAMACHI
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(Redirected from Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan)
'Empress Go-Sakuramachi' (後桜町天皇 ''Go-Sakuramachi-tennÅ'') (September 23, 1740 – December 24, 1813) was the '117th' emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. She is the last woman ever to reign as Empress regnant, out of eight in the history of Japan.She was the eighth woman to ascend the Chrysanthemum Throne.[1]. The years of her reign spanned the period from from 1762 to 1771.[2]
She was the second daughter of Emperor Sakuramachi. Her mother was NijÅ Ieko (äºŒæ¡ èˆŽå). Her older sister died young, and her younger brother was Emperor Momozono.
Her personal name was 'Toshiko' (智å); and her initial pre-accession title was ''Isa-no-miya'' (以茶宮) and later ''Ake-no-miya'' (ç·‹å®®).
In 1762, she acceded to the throne by a special decree of Emperor Momozono, whose son Prince Hidehito (later Emperor Go-Momozono) was only 5 years old.
By her enthronement, she became the first reigning empress in her own right in 119 years, since Empress MeishÅ.
In the ninth year of her reign, 1770, she abdicated in favor of Emperor Go-Momozono. However, that reign did not last long, ending in 1779 when Go-Momozono died without leaving a son. When her nephew was dying, the then-retired (Daijo Tenno) Go-Sakuramachi consulted with the senior courtiers and imperial guards, planning to accept Prince Fushimi-no-miya as an adopted son, but they eventually decided on Prince Morohito (師ä»), sixth son of Prince Kan'in-no-miya Sukehito (閑院宮典ä»), who was supported by the emperor's chief advisor (Kampaku). Prince Morohito, hastily adopted by Go-Momozono at deathbed, became Emperor KÅkaku.
After the throne had switched to that branch of the imperial line, Go-Sakuramachi, in her role as Retired Emperor, came to be referred to as the Guardian of the Young Lord (Emperor KÅkaku). In this role, in 1789, during a scandal involving an honorary title, she admonished the Emperor.
She died in 1813, at the age of 73. She is buried at Tsukinowanomisasagi (月輪陵) in Kyoto's Higashiyama section.
She left behind a book called ''KinchÅ«-nenjÅ« no koto'' (ç¦ä¸å¹´ä¸ã®äº‹, roughly "Matters of Years in the Imperial Court"), consisting of poems, imperial letters, imperial chronicles, and so forth, excelling in literary merit.
The years of Go-Sakuramachi's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or ''nengÅ''.
★ '' HÅreki'' (1751-1764)
★ ''Meiwa'' (1764-1772)
1. The empresses who reigned before Go-Sakuramachi''-tennÅ'' were (1) Suiko, (2) KÅgyoku/Saimei, (3) JitÅ, (4)Gemmei, (5) GenshÅ, and (6) KÅken/ShÅtoku, and (7) MeishÅ.
2. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du Japon,'' p. 419.
★ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Supplément aux annales des daïri,'' appended to [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo, 1652], ''Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth.'' Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. --''Two copies of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006.'' Click here to read the original text in French.
★ Japanese empresses
★ -- Imperial Household Agency page on Go-Sakuramachi's tomb
'Empress Go-Sakuramachi' (後桜町天皇 ''Go-Sakuramachi-tennÅ'') (September 23, 1740 – December 24, 1813) was the '117th' emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. She is the last woman ever to reign as Empress regnant, out of eight in the history of Japan.She was the eighth woman to ascend the Chrysanthemum Throne.[1]. The years of her reign spanned the period from from 1762 to 1771.[2]
| Contents |
| Genealogy |
| Events of Go-Sakuramachi-''tennÅ's life |
| Eras of Go-Sakuramachi''-tennÅ's reign |
| References |
| Notes |
| Further reading |
| See also |
| External links |
Genealogy
She was the second daughter of Emperor Sakuramachi. Her mother was NijÅ Ieko (äºŒæ¡ èˆŽå). Her older sister died young, and her younger brother was Emperor Momozono.
Her personal name was 'Toshiko' (智å); and her initial pre-accession title was ''Isa-no-miya'' (以茶宮) and later ''Ake-no-miya'' (ç·‹å®®).
Events of Go-Sakuramachi-''tennÅ's life
In 1762, she acceded to the throne by a special decree of Emperor Momozono, whose son Prince Hidehito (later Emperor Go-Momozono) was only 5 years old.
By her enthronement, she became the first reigning empress in her own right in 119 years, since Empress MeishÅ.
In the ninth year of her reign, 1770, she abdicated in favor of Emperor Go-Momozono. However, that reign did not last long, ending in 1779 when Go-Momozono died without leaving a son. When her nephew was dying, the then-retired (Daijo Tenno) Go-Sakuramachi consulted with the senior courtiers and imperial guards, planning to accept Prince Fushimi-no-miya as an adopted son, but they eventually decided on Prince Morohito (師ä»), sixth son of Prince Kan'in-no-miya Sukehito (閑院宮典ä»), who was supported by the emperor's chief advisor (Kampaku). Prince Morohito, hastily adopted by Go-Momozono at deathbed, became Emperor KÅkaku.
After the throne had switched to that branch of the imperial line, Go-Sakuramachi, in her role as Retired Emperor, came to be referred to as the Guardian of the Young Lord (Emperor KÅkaku). In this role, in 1789, during a scandal involving an honorary title, she admonished the Emperor.
She died in 1813, at the age of 73. She is buried at Tsukinowanomisasagi (月輪陵) in Kyoto's Higashiyama section.
She left behind a book called ''KinchÅ«-nenjÅ« no koto'' (ç¦ä¸å¹´ä¸ã®äº‹, roughly "Matters of Years in the Imperial Court"), consisting of poems, imperial letters, imperial chronicles, and so forth, excelling in literary merit.
Eras of Go-Sakuramachi''-tennÅ's reign
The years of Go-Sakuramachi's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or ''nengÅ''.
★ '' HÅreki'' (1751-1764)
★ ''Meiwa'' (1764-1772)
References
Notes
1. The empresses who reigned before Go-Sakuramachi''-tennÅ'' were (1) Suiko, (2) KÅgyoku/Saimei, (3) JitÅ, (4)Gemmei, (5) GenshÅ, and (6) KÅken/ShÅtoku, and (7) MeishÅ.
2. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du Japon,'' p. 419.
Further reading
★ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Supplément aux annales des daïri,'' appended to [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo, 1652], ''Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth.'' Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. --''Two copies of this rare book have now been made available online: (1) from the library of the University of Michigan, digitized January 30, 2007; and (2) from the library of Stanford University, digitized June 23, 2006.'' Click here to read the original text in French.
See also
★ Japanese empresses
External links
★ -- Imperial Household Agency page on Go-Sakuramachi's tomb
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