EUDICOTS

'Eudicots' and 'Eudicotyledons' are terms introduced by Doyle & Hotton (1991) to refer to a group of flowering plants that had been called "tricolpates" or "non-Magnoliid dicots" by previous authors. The term means, literally, "true dicotyledons" as it contains the majority of plants that have been considered dicotyledons and have typical dicotyledonous characters. The term "eudicots" has been widely adopted to refer to one of the two major clades of angiosperms, monocots being the other. The remaining dicots are sometimes referred to as 'paleodicots' but this term has not been widely adopted as it does not refer to a monophyletic group.
Another name for the eudicots is 'tricolpates', a name which refers to the structure of the pollen. The group has tricolpate pollen, or forms derived from it. These pollen have three or more pores set in furrows called colpi. In contrast, most of the other seed plants (that is the gymnosperms, the monocots and the paleodicots) produce monosulcate pollen, with a single pore set in a differently oriented groove called the sulcus. The name "tricolpates" is preferred by some botanists in order to avoid confusion with the dicots, a non-monophyletic group (Judd & Olmstead 2004).
The name 'eudicots' (plural) is used in the APG system, of 1998, and APG II system, of 2003, for classification of angiosperms. It is applied to a clade, a monophyletic group, which includes most of the (former) dicotyledons.
;Subdivision
Within the "eudicots" or "tricolpates" the main groups are the "'rosids'" (core group with the prefix "eu−") and the "'asterids'" (core group with the prefix "eu−").

★ 'eudicots' :

★ : 'core eudicots' :

★ :: 'rosids' :

★ ::: 'eurosids I'

★ ::: 'eurosids II'

★ :: 'asterids' :

★ ::: 'euasterids I'

★ ::: 'euasterids II'

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In more detail, with in each clade some unplaced families and orders (unplaced genera are not mentioned):

★ clade 'eudicots'

★ ::: family Buxaceae [+ family Didymelaceae]

★ ::: family Sabiaceae

★ ::: family Trochodendraceae [+ family Tetracentraceae]

★ :: order Ranunculales

★ :: order Proteales

★ : clade 'core eudicots'

★ :::: family Aextoxicaceae

★ :::: family Berberidopsidaceae

★ :::: family Dilleniaceae

★ ::: order Gunnerales

★ ::: order Caryophyllales

★ ::: order Saxifragales

★ ::: order Santalales

★ :: clade 'rosids'

★ ::::: family Aphloiaceae

★ ::::: family Geissolomataceae

★ ::::: family Ixerbaceae

★ ::::: family Picramniaceae

★ ::::: family Strassburgeriaceae

★ ::::: family Vitaceae

★ :::: order Crossosomatales

★ :::: order Geraniales

★ :::: order Myrtales

★ ::: clade 'eurosids I'

★ :::::: family Zygophyllaceae [+ family Krameriaceae]

★ :::::: family Huaceae

★ ::::: order Celastrales

★ ::::: order Malpighiales

★ ::::: order Oxalidales

★ ::::: order Fabales

★ ::::: order Rosales

★ ::::: order Cucurbitales

★ ::::: order Fagales

★ ::: clade 'eurosids II'

★ :::::: family Tapisciaceae

★ ::::: order Brassicales

★ ::::: order Malvales

★ ::::: order Sapindales

★ :: clade 'asterids'

★ :::: order Cornales

★ :::: order Ericales

★ ::: clade 'euasterids I'

★ :::::: family Boraginaceae

★ :::::: family Icacinaceae

★ :::::: family Oncothecaceae

★ :::::: family Vahliaceae''

★ ::::: order Garryales

★ ::::: order Solanales

★ ::::: order Gentianales

★ ::::: order Lamiales

★ ::: clade 'euasterids II'

★ :::::: family Bruniaceae

★ :::::: family Columelliaceae [+ family Desfontainiaceae]

★ :::::: family Eremosynaceae

★ :::::: family Escalloniaceae

★ :::::: family Paracryphiaceae

★ :::::: family Polyosmaceae

★ :::::: family Sphenostemonacae

★ :::::: family Tribelaceae

★ ::::: order Aquifoliales

★ ::::: order Apiales

★ ::::: order Dipsacales

★ ::::: order Asterales
'Note :' “ + ....” = optional, as a segregate of the previous family.

Contents

References and external links

References and external links

★ Doyle, J. A. & Hotton, C. L. Diversification of early angiosperm pollen in a cladistic context. Pp. 169-195 in Pollen and Spores. Patterns of Diversification (eds Blackmore, S. & Barnes, S. H.) (Clarendon, Oxford, 1991).

★ A survey of tricolpate (eudicot) phylogenetic relationships, Walter S. Judd and Richard G. Olmstead, , , American Journal of Botany, 2004 (full text )

★ Eudicots in Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 7, May 2006.

★ ''Core Eudicots'', Tree of Life Web Project