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(Redirected from Fallopian tubes)
The 'Fallopian tubes', also known as 'oviducts', 'uterine tubes', and 'salpinges' (''singular'' 'salpinx') are two very fine tubes leading from the ovaries of female mammals into the uterus.
There are two Fallopian tubes,attached to either side of the cornual end of the uterus, and each terminating at or near one ovary forming a structure called the fimbria.
The Fallopian tubes are not directly attached to the ovaries, but open into the peritoneal cavity (essentially the inside of the abdomen); they thus form a direct communication between the peritoneal cavity and the outside via the vagina.
In humans, the Fallopian tubes are about 7–14 cm long.
There are four regions of the fallopian tube from the ovary to the uterus:[1]
★ Infundibulum - contains fimbria
★ Ampulla - usual site of fertilization
★ Isthmus
★ Intramural oviduct - inside wall of uterus
.JPG)
There are three layers of the fallopian tube:[2]
★ Mucosa - the distinctive folds of the mucosa are the most unusual feature. The folds contain ciliated cells and "peg cells".[2][4] The region of the fallopian tube can be approximated by looking at the mucosa, because the folds are most elaborate at the ampulla and almost nonexistent at the intramural portion.
★ Muscularis externa
★ Serosa
The Fallopian tubes are mobile, and have been observed on time-lapse videography moving about the pelvis.
Although anatomical illustrations have them proceeding from the uterine horns to the ovary, this is not the case for most of the menstrual cycle, and a tube may cross to the other side or lie on top of the uterus.
When an ovum is developing in an ovary, it is encapsulated in a sac known as an ovarian follicle.
On maturity of the ovum, the follicle and the ovary's wall rupture, allowing the ovum to escape and enter the Fallopian tube. There it travels toward the uterus, pushed along by movements of cilia on the inner lining of the tubes. This trip takes hours or days. If the ovum is fertilized while in the Fallopian tube, then it normally implants in the endometrium when it reaches the uterus, which signals the beginning of pregnancy.
Occasionally the embryo implants into the Fallopian tube instead of the uterus, creating an ectopic pregnancy, commonly known as a "tubal pregnancy".
The Fallopian tubes are ''not'' homologous to the vas deferens or any other structure in males.
Embryos have ''two'' pairs of ducts to let gametes out of the body; one pair (the Müllerian ducts) develops in females into the Fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina, while the other pair (the Wolffian ducts) develops in males into the epididymis and vas deferens.
Normally, only one of the pair of tubes will develop while the other regresses and disappears ''in utero''.
Pelvic inflammatory disease can strike the fallopian tubes. This might cause a fallopian tube obstruction.
The surgical removal of a Fallopian tube is called a salpingectomy. To remove both sides is a bilateral salpingectomy. An operation that combines the removal of a Fallopian tube with removal of at least one ovary is a salpingo-oophorectomy. An operation to restore a fallopian tube obstruction is called a tuboplasty.
They are named after their discoverer, the 16th century Italian anatomist, Gabriele Falloppio.
Though the name 'Fallopian tube' is eponymous, some texts spell it with a lower case 'f' owing to the theory that the adjective 'fallopian' has been absorbed into modern English as the de facto name for the structure.
The Greek word salpinx (σαλπιγξ) means "trumpet".
★ Pelvic inflammatory disease
★ Menstrual cycle
1. - "The Female Pelvis: The Oviduct"
2.
3.
4. http://www3.umdnj.edu/histsweb/lab17/lab17oviduct.html
★
★
The 'Fallopian tubes', also known as 'oviducts', 'uterine tubes', and 'salpinges' (''singular'' 'salpinx') are two very fine tubes leading from the ovaries of female mammals into the uterus.
| Contents |
| Anatomy |
| Regions |
| Histology |
| Motility |
| Function in fertilization |
| Embryology and homology |
| Pathology |
| Surgery |
| Etymology and nomenclature |
| Additional images |
| See also |
| References |
| External links |
Anatomy
There are two Fallopian tubes,attached to either side of the cornual end of the uterus, and each terminating at or near one ovary forming a structure called the fimbria.
The Fallopian tubes are not directly attached to the ovaries, but open into the peritoneal cavity (essentially the inside of the abdomen); they thus form a direct communication between the peritoneal cavity and the outside via the vagina.
In humans, the Fallopian tubes are about 7–14 cm long.
Regions
There are four regions of the fallopian tube from the ovary to the uterus:[1]
★ Infundibulum - contains fimbria
★ Ampulla - usual site of fertilization
★ Isthmus
★ Intramural oviduct - inside wall of uterus
Histology
.JPG)
Layers of the wall of the fallopian tube.
There are three layers of the fallopian tube:[2]
★ Mucosa - the distinctive folds of the mucosa are the most unusual feature. The folds contain ciliated cells and "peg cells".[2][4] The region of the fallopian tube can be approximated by looking at the mucosa, because the folds are most elaborate at the ampulla and almost nonexistent at the intramural portion.
★ Muscularis externa
★ Serosa
Motility
The Fallopian tubes are mobile, and have been observed on time-lapse videography moving about the pelvis.
Although anatomical illustrations have them proceeding from the uterine horns to the ovary, this is not the case for most of the menstrual cycle, and a tube may cross to the other side or lie on top of the uterus.
Function in fertilization
When an ovum is developing in an ovary, it is encapsulated in a sac known as an ovarian follicle.
On maturity of the ovum, the follicle and the ovary's wall rupture, allowing the ovum to escape and enter the Fallopian tube. There it travels toward the uterus, pushed along by movements of cilia on the inner lining of the tubes. This trip takes hours or days. If the ovum is fertilized while in the Fallopian tube, then it normally implants in the endometrium when it reaches the uterus, which signals the beginning of pregnancy.
Occasionally the embryo implants into the Fallopian tube instead of the uterus, creating an ectopic pregnancy, commonly known as a "tubal pregnancy".
Embryology and homology
The Fallopian tubes are ''not'' homologous to the vas deferens or any other structure in males.
Embryos have ''two'' pairs of ducts to let gametes out of the body; one pair (the Müllerian ducts) develops in females into the Fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina, while the other pair (the Wolffian ducts) develops in males into the epididymis and vas deferens.
Normally, only one of the pair of tubes will develop while the other regresses and disappears ''in utero''.
Pathology
Pelvic inflammatory disease can strike the fallopian tubes. This might cause a fallopian tube obstruction.
Surgery
The surgical removal of a Fallopian tube is called a salpingectomy. To remove both sides is a bilateral salpingectomy. An operation that combines the removal of a Fallopian tube with removal of at least one ovary is a salpingo-oophorectomy. An operation to restore a fallopian tube obstruction is called a tuboplasty.
Etymology and nomenclature
They are named after their discoverer, the 16th century Italian anatomist, Gabriele Falloppio.
Though the name 'Fallopian tube' is eponymous, some texts spell it with a lower case 'f' owing to the theory that the adjective 'fallopian' has been absorbed into modern English as the de facto name for the structure.
The Greek word salpinx (σαλπιγξ) means "trumpet".
Additional images
See also
★ Pelvic inflammatory disease
★ Menstrual cycle
References
1. - "The Female Pelvis: The Oviduct"
2.
3.
4. http://www3.umdnj.edu/histsweb/lab17/lab17oviduct.html
External links
★
★
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psst.. try this: add to faves
