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EspañolFIRE OF MOSCOW (1571)
:''For similar disasters, see Fire of Moscow.''
The 'Fire of Moscow (1571)' occurred in May of that year when the forces of the Crimean khan Devlet I Giray raided the city. According to Heinrich von Staden, a German in the service of Ivan the Terrible (he claimed to be a member of the Oprichnina)," the city, the palace, the Oprichnina palace, and the suburbs burned down completely in six hours. It was a great disaster because no one could escape."[1] People fled into stone churches to escape the flames, but the stone churches collapsed (either from the intensity of the fire or the pressure of the crowds. People also jumped into the Moscow River to escape, where many drowned. The powder magazine of the Kremlin exploded and those hiding in the cellar there asphixiated.[2]
It was one the most severe fires in the history of the city. Historians estimate the number of casualties of the fire from 10,000 to as many 100,000 people. Foreigners visiting the city before and after the fire have described a noticeable decrease in the city population. The khan's attempt to repeat the raid in 1572 was repelled in the Battle of Molodi.
1. Heinrich von Staden, ''The Land and Government of Muscovy: A Sixteenth Century Account'' ed. and trans. Thomas Esper(Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1967), 47; Michael C. Paul, "The Military Revolution in Russia 1550-1682," ''The Journal of Military History'' 68, no. 1 (Jan. 2004), 40.
2. von Staden, "The Land and Government of Muscovy," 47; Jerome Horsey, "The Travels of Sir Jerome Horsey, Knight," in ''Russia at the Close of the Sixteenth Century''. Edward A Bond, ed. (London: Haklyut Society, 1856), 164-166; Paul, "The Military Revolution in Russia," 40.
The 'Fire of Moscow (1571)' occurred in May of that year when the forces of the Crimean khan Devlet I Giray raided the city. According to Heinrich von Staden, a German in the service of Ivan the Terrible (he claimed to be a member of the Oprichnina)," the city, the palace, the Oprichnina palace, and the suburbs burned down completely in six hours. It was a great disaster because no one could escape."[1] People fled into stone churches to escape the flames, but the stone churches collapsed (either from the intensity of the fire or the pressure of the crowds. People also jumped into the Moscow River to escape, where many drowned. The powder magazine of the Kremlin exploded and those hiding in the cellar there asphixiated.[2]
It was one the most severe fires in the history of the city. Historians estimate the number of casualties of the fire from 10,000 to as many 100,000 people. Foreigners visiting the city before and after the fire have described a noticeable decrease in the city population. The khan's attempt to repeat the raid in 1572 was repelled in the Battle of Molodi.
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| References |
References
1. Heinrich von Staden, ''The Land and Government of Muscovy: A Sixteenth Century Account'' ed. and trans. Thomas Esper(Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1967), 47; Michael C. Paul, "The Military Revolution in Russia 1550-1682," ''The Journal of Military History'' 68, no. 1 (Jan. 2004), 40.
2. von Staden, "The Land and Government of Muscovy," 47; Jerome Horsey, "The Travels of Sir Jerome Horsey, Knight," in ''Russia at the Close of the Sixteenth Century''. Edward A Bond, ed. (London: Haklyut Society, 1856), 164-166; Paul, "The Military Revolution in Russia," 40.
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