FOUR LEVEL INTERCHANGE

The 'Bill Keene Memorial Interchange', popularly known as 'Four Level Interchange' was the first stack interchange in the world. Opened in 1953 at the northern edge of downtown Los Angeles, California, USA, it connects the Harbor, Hollywood, Pasadena, and Santa Ana freeways. In July 2006, the freeway interchange was officially named The Bill Keene Memorial Interchange, in honor of the late KNX and KNXT traffic and weather reporter, although the new name is rarely used. Keene referred to the interchange as "The Stacks" and the "4-H Interchange". During the 1960's, Dick Whittinghill on radio station KMPC sometimes called it the Four Letter Interchange.
The interchange was constructed as a stack interchange because surrounding buildings and terrain made construction of a cloverleaf interchange impractical. Also, the mainline traffic is at the top of the interchange, above the ramps, a rarity in stack interchanges. Its distinctive architecture has long made it a symbol of Los Angeles' post-World War II development, and it appears on numerous postcards of the 1950s and 1960s.
Currently, the interchange comprises the following major highways:

★ U.S. Route 101 Hollywood Freeway/Santa Ana Freeway

★ State Route 110 Pasadena Freeway/Harbor Freeway

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