GAUSS (UNIT)

The 'gauss', abbreviated as G, is the cgs unit of magnetic field ('B'), named after the German mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss. One gauss is defined as one maxwell per square centimetre.
According to the SI, also known as the MKS (meter-kilogram-second) system, the tesla is the unit of magnetic flux density, which physicists notate using the symbol ''B''. There is no special unit for magnetic field intensity, which physicists notate ''H'': instead, the compound unit ampere per meter is used. (H is calculated by dividing B by the magnetic permeability of the medium in which the field is impressed, μ, ''i.e.'', B = μH.)
According to the alternative CGS (centimeter-gram-second) system, the gauss is the unit of magnetic flux density (''B''), whilst the oersted is the unit of magnetic field intensity (''H''). One tesla is equal to 10⁴ gauss, and one
ampere per meter is equal to 4π10^-3 oersted ^[1].
The units for magnetic flux (Φ)—which is the product of magnetic flux density (B) and area (A), ''i.e.'', Φ = BA—are the Weber (Wb) in the MKS system and the Maxwell (Mx) in the CGS system. The conversion factor is 10⁸, since flux is the product of flux density and area, area having the units of the square of distance, thus 10⁴ (flux density conversion factor) times the square of 10² (linear distance conversion factor, ''i.e.'', centimeters per meter).
(Note that the full names of the units—oersted, gauss, tesla—are not capitalized, though the corresponding symbols—Oe, G, T—are.)

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References

References

1. Hayt, Jr., William H. (1974). ''Engineering Electromagnetics, Third Edition.'' McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-027390-1