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EspañolGORANI (LINGUISTICS)
(Redirected from Gorani (Kurds))
'Gorani' (also ''Gurani'') is a language in the province of Kurdistan and province of Kermanshah in Iran, and in the Halabja region in Iraqi Kurdistan and the Hewraman mountains between Iran and Iraq. Encyclopedia Britannica considers Gorani to be a branch of Kurdish [1].
Gorani is considered to be the closest Indo-Iranian language to Zazaki. The oldest literary documents in these related languages, or dialects, are written in Gorani. Hewrami, considered a sub-dialect of Gorani, is a very distinct dialect spoken by Kurds in a region called Hewraman along the Iran-Iraq border. Many Gorani speakers belong to the religious grouping Yarsanism, with a large number of religious documents written in Gorani.
Since the nineteenth century, Gorani has slowly been replaced by Sorani in several cities, both in Iran and Iraq. For large populations of Kurds, Sorani has replaced Gorani in cities such as Kirkuk, Meriwan and Halabja, which are still considered part of the greater Goran region.
Written literature:
★ ''Shîrîn u Xusrew'' by Khana Qubadi (lived 1700-1759), published 1975 in Bagdad.
★ Diwan des Feqe Qadiri Hemewend, 19th century
★ The Koran in Gorani, translated in the 19. Century by Haci Nuri Eli Ilahi (Nuri Eli Shah).
'Hewrami' or Hawrami is just another name for Gorani. It is classified as an Iranian language by Ethnologue. It is mostly spoken in Hewraman (also Hawraman or Huraman) in western Iran (Eastern Kurdistan) and northeastern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan). The key cities of this region are Pawe in Iran and Halabja in Iraq. The Hewrami is sometimes called Auramani or Hurami. Hewrami is very similar to Avestan, the language of the ancient religion of Zoroastrainism[2]. Prayers are still recited by Hewrami by using a style called ''Siya Çemane'' (pron: Seeya Chaman) in Hewrami, where the one reciting the prayer uses high notes to sing holy verses of Zoroastrian faith. Today, some Hewrami speakers use the ''Siya Çemane'' style of singing to perform traditional songs.
Several Kurdish scholars regard Hewrami as one of the oldest dialects of the Kurdish language. Some linguists also claim that Hewrami has similarities to the language of the ancient Hurrian tribes that once dominated regions in Kurdistan, and that the name Hewrami or Hurami is derived from Hurrian. However, these claims are not supported by linguistics.
Generally, the many Hewramis can speak Sorani, a Kurdish dialect, as well in order to communicate with other Kurds in neighboring cities.
★ Ethnologue's Report for Hewrami
★ The History of Kurdish Language by the Kurdish Academy of Language (KAL)
★ Gorani Influence on Central Kurdish: Substratum or Prestige Borrowing? by Michiel Leezenberg, University of Amsterdam
'Gorani' (also ''Gurani'') is a language in the province of Kurdistan and province of Kermanshah in Iran, and in the Halabja region in Iraqi Kurdistan and the Hewraman mountains between Iran and Iraq. Encyclopedia Britannica considers Gorani to be a branch of Kurdish [1].
Gorani is considered to be the closest Indo-Iranian language to Zazaki. The oldest literary documents in these related languages, or dialects, are written in Gorani. Hewrami, considered a sub-dialect of Gorani, is a very distinct dialect spoken by Kurds in a region called Hewraman along the Iran-Iraq border. Many Gorani speakers belong to the religious grouping Yarsanism, with a large number of religious documents written in Gorani.
Since the nineteenth century, Gorani has slowly been replaced by Sorani in several cities, both in Iran and Iraq. For large populations of Kurds, Sorani has replaced Gorani in cities such as Kirkuk, Meriwan and Halabja, which are still considered part of the greater Goran region.
Written literature:
★ ''Shîrîn u Xusrew'' by Khana Qubadi (lived 1700-1759), published 1975 in Bagdad.
★ Diwan des Feqe Qadiri Hemewend, 19th century
★ The Koran in Gorani, translated in the 19. Century by Haci Nuri Eli Ilahi (Nuri Eli Shah).
| Contents |
| Hewrami |
| External links |
Hewrami
'Hewrami' or Hawrami is just another name for Gorani. It is classified as an Iranian language by Ethnologue. It is mostly spoken in Hewraman (also Hawraman or Huraman) in western Iran (Eastern Kurdistan) and northeastern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan). The key cities of this region are Pawe in Iran and Halabja in Iraq. The Hewrami is sometimes called Auramani or Hurami. Hewrami is very similar to Avestan, the language of the ancient religion of Zoroastrainism[2]. Prayers are still recited by Hewrami by using a style called ''Siya Çemane'' (pron: Seeya Chaman) in Hewrami, where the one reciting the prayer uses high notes to sing holy verses of Zoroastrian faith. Today, some Hewrami speakers use the ''Siya Çemane'' style of singing to perform traditional songs.
Several Kurdish scholars regard Hewrami as one of the oldest dialects of the Kurdish language. Some linguists also claim that Hewrami has similarities to the language of the ancient Hurrian tribes that once dominated regions in Kurdistan, and that the name Hewrami or Hurami is derived from Hurrian. However, these claims are not supported by linguistics.
Generally, the many Hewramis can speak Sorani, a Kurdish dialect, as well in order to communicate with other Kurds in neighboring cities.
External links
★ Ethnologue's Report for Hewrami
★ The History of Kurdish Language by the Kurdish Academy of Language (KAL)
★ Gorani Influence on Central Kurdish: Substratum or Prestige Borrowing? by Michiel Leezenberg, University of Amsterdam
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