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'Gunung Kidul' is the name of a regency - a well known cultural region - and the town located in the province of Yogyakarta (special region), Indonesia. Like many regions on the island of Java, it is densely populated with roughly 1,600 people per square kilometer. The regency is bordered by the city of Yogyakarta to the north west, the regency of Bantul to the west, the regency of Sleman to the north west and the Indian Ocean to the south.
It occurs on a karst region, and the southern coastal edge is rough and wild with only a few beaches - Baron, Krukup. It was in earlier times heavily forested - but most of the teak forests have been removed - and many re-afforestation projects occur on the western edge of the regency. The regency has been subject to extensive drought and famine within the last hundred years.