HENRY RIDER HAGGARD
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(Redirected from H. Rider Haggard)
'Sir Henry Rider Haggard' KBE (June 22, 1856 – May 14, 1925), born in Norfolk, England, was a Victorian writer of adventure novels set in locations considered exotic by readers in his native England.
Henry Rider Haggard was born at Bradenham, Norfolk, to Sir William Meybohm Rider Haggard, a barrister, and Ella Doveton, an author and poet. He was the eighth of ten children. He was initially sent to Garsington Rectory in Oxfordshire to study under the Reverend H.J. Graham but, unlike his older brothers who graduated from various Public Schools, he ended up attending Ipswich Grammar School[1]. This was because his father, who regarded him as somebody who was not going to amount to much, could no longer afford to maintain his expensive private education. After failing his army entrance exam he was sent to a private ‘crammer’ in London to prepare for the entrance exam for the British Foreign Office[1], which in the end he never sat.
Instead Haggard’s father sent him to Africa in an unpaid position as assistant to the secretary to the Lieutenant-Governor of Natal, Sir Henry Bulwer. It was in this role that Haggard was present in Pretoria for the official announcement of the British annexation of the Boer Republic of the Transvaal. In fact, Haggard raised the Union Flag and was forced to read out much of the proclamation following the loss of voice of the official originally entrusted with the duty.
As a young man, Haggard fell deeply in love with Lilith Jackson, whom he intended to marry once he obtained paid employment in South Africa. In 1878 he became Registrar of the High Court in the Transvaal, but when he sent his father a letter telling him that he intended to return to England in order to marry Lilith Jackson his father replied that he forbade it until he had made a career for himself. In 1879 he heard that Lilith had married someone else. When he eventually returned to England he married a friend of his sister, Mariana Louisa Margitson and brought her back to Africa. Later they had a son named Jock (who died of measles at the age of 10) and three daughters, Angela, Dorothy and the youngest, Lilias, who became an author. She edited ''The Rabbit Skin Cap'', and more importantly, wrote a biography of her father entitled ''The Cloak That I Left''.
Returning again to England in 1882, the couple settled in Ditchingham, Norfolk. Later he lived in Kessingland and had connections with the church in Bungay, Suffolk. He turned to the study of law and was called to the bar in 1884. His practice of law was somewhat desultory, and much of his time was taken up by the writing of novels. Heavily influenced by the larger-than-life adventurers he met in Colonial Africa, most notably Frederick Selous and Frederick Russell Burnham, the great mineral wealth discovered in Africa, and the ruins of ancient lost civilizations in Africa such as Great Zimbabwe, Haggard created his Allan Quatermain adventures.[3][4] Three of his books, ''The Wizard'' (1896), ''Elissa; the doom of Zimbabwe'' (1899), and ''Black Heart and White Heart; a Zulu idyll'' (1900) are dedicated to Burnham's daughter, Nada, the first white child born in Bulawayo, herself named after Haggard's 1892 book: ''Nada the Lily''.[5]
Years later, when Haggard was a successful novelist, he was contacted by his former love, Lilith Jackson. She had been deserted by her husband, who had left her penniless and infected her with syphilis, from which she eventually died. It was Haggard who paid her medical bills. These details were not generally known until the publication of Haggard's 1983 biography by D. S. Higgins.
Haggard was heavily involved in agricultural reform and was a member of many Commissions on land use and related affairs, work that involved several trips to the Colonies and Dominions. He was made a Knight Bachelor in 1912, and a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1919. He stood unsuccessfully for parliament as a candidate for the Conservative Party.
While his novels contain many of the attitudes common to British colonialism, they are unusual for the degree of sympathy with which he often treats the native populations. Africans often serve heroic roles in his novels, though the protagonists are typically, though not invariably, European. A notable example is Ignosi, the rightful king of Kukuanaland in ''King Solomon's Mines''. Having developed an intense mutual friendship with the three Englishmen who help him reclaim his throne, he accepts their advice and abolishes witch hunts and arbitrary capital punishment.
Haggard is most famous as the author of the best-selling novel ''King Solomon's Mines'', as well as many others such as ''She'', ''Ayesha'' (sequel to ''She''), ''Allan Quatermain'' (sequel to ''King Solomon's Mines''), and the epic Viking romance, ''Eric Brighteyes''.
Though Haggard is no longer as popular as he was when his works appeared, his books are still read with enjoyment today. Moreover, Ayesha, the female protagonist of ''She'', has been cited as a prototype by both Sigmund Freud in ''The Interpretation of Dreams'' and by Carl Jung. Allan Quatermain, the hero of ''King Solomon's Mines'' and its sequel ''Allan Quatermain'' have influenced the American film character Indiana Jones, featured in the films ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', the ''Temple of Doom'' and ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade''. Haggard's Lost World genre influenced the popular American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs. Quatermain has gained popularity thanks to being a main character in League of Extraordinary Gentlemen.
Haggard also wrote about agricultural and social issues reform, in part inspired by his experiences in Africa, but also based on what he saw in Europe.
★
★
★ ''The Witch's Head'' (1884)
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''King Solomon's Mines'' wikipedia entry.
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''She'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★
★
★
★ ''My Fellow Laborer and the Wreck of the Copeland'' (1888)
★
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''Cleopatra'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★ , (co-written with Andrew Lang) ; there is also a dedicated ''The World's Desire'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''The People of the Mist'' wikipedia entry.
★ ''Joan Haste'' (1895)
★ ''Heart of the World'' (1895)
★ ''Church and State'' (1895)
★
★
★
★ ''A Farmer's Year'' (1899)
★ ''The Last Boer War'' (1899)
★ ''The Spring of Lion'' (1899)
★ ''Montezuma's Daughter'' (1899)
★
★
★ ''The New South Africa'' (1900)
★ ''A Winter Pilgrimage'' (1901)
★
★ ''Rural England'' (1902)
★
★
★
★ ''The Poor and the Land'' (1905)
★
★ ''A Gardener's Year'' (1905)
★ ''Report of Salvation Army Colonies'' (1905)
★ ''The Way of the Spirit'' (1906)
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★ ''Rural Denmark'' (1911)
★
★
★
★ ''A call to Arms'' (1914)
★
★ ''After the War Settlement and Employment of Ex-Service Men'' (1916)
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★ ''Wisdom's Daughter'' (1923)
★ ''Heu-Heu'' (1924)
★ ''Queen of the Dawn'' (1925)
★ ''The Days of my Life: An autobiography of Sir H. Rider Haggard'' (1926)
★ ''Treasure of the Lake'' (1926)
★ ''Allan and the Ice Gods'' (1927)
★ ''Mary of Marion Isle'' (1929)
★ ''Belshazzar'' (1930)
Publication dates unknown
★
★
★ (as contributor)
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''King Solomon's Mines'' wikipedia entry.
★
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''Allan’s Wife & Other Tales'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★
★
★ ''Finished''
★
★ ''The Ancient Allan''
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''She and Allan'' wikipedia entry.
★ ''Heu-heu: or The Monster''
★ ''The Treasure of the Lake''
★ ''Allan and the Ice-gods''
★ ''She'' (); there is also a dedicated ''She'' wikipedia entry.
★ ''Ayesha: The Return of She''
★ ''She and Allan''
★ ''Wisdom's Daughter: The Life and Love Story of She-Who-Must-Be-Obeyed''
★ Mythopoeia (genre)
★ Louis Henri Boussenard
★ Alexandre Dumas, père
★ Karl May
★ Baroness Orczy
★ Emilio Salgari
★ Samuel Shellabarger
★ Lawrence Schoonover
★ Jules Verne
★ Frank Yerby
★ A. E. W. Mason
★ P. C. Wren
★ Anthony Hope
★ Frederick Russell Burnham
★ Frederick Selous
1. King Solomon’s Mines, , Dennis, Butts, Oxford University Press, ,
2. King Solomon’s Mines, , Dennis, Butts, Oxford University Press, ,
3. The Literary Legacy of Frederick Courteney Selous, , E., Mandiringana, History in Africa, 1998
4. Theodore Roosevelt, Chapter XI: The Lion Hunter
5. The Days of My Life Volume II, , H. Rider, Haggard, , ,
★ Rider Haggard Society
★
★ Works at Project Gutenberg Australia
'Sir Henry Rider Haggard' KBE (June 22, 1856 – May 14, 1925), born in Norfolk, England, was a Victorian writer of adventure novels set in locations considered exotic by readers in his native England.
| Contents |
| Biography |
| Writing career |
| Chronology of works |
| Allan Quatermain series |
| Ayesha Series |
| See also |
| References |
| External links |
Biography
Henry Rider Haggard was born at Bradenham, Norfolk, to Sir William Meybohm Rider Haggard, a barrister, and Ella Doveton, an author and poet. He was the eighth of ten children. He was initially sent to Garsington Rectory in Oxfordshire to study under the Reverend H.J. Graham but, unlike his older brothers who graduated from various Public Schools, he ended up attending Ipswich Grammar School[1]. This was because his father, who regarded him as somebody who was not going to amount to much, could no longer afford to maintain his expensive private education. After failing his army entrance exam he was sent to a private ‘crammer’ in London to prepare for the entrance exam for the British Foreign Office[1], which in the end he never sat.
Instead Haggard’s father sent him to Africa in an unpaid position as assistant to the secretary to the Lieutenant-Governor of Natal, Sir Henry Bulwer. It was in this role that Haggard was present in Pretoria for the official announcement of the British annexation of the Boer Republic of the Transvaal. In fact, Haggard raised the Union Flag and was forced to read out much of the proclamation following the loss of voice of the official originally entrusted with the duty.
As a young man, Haggard fell deeply in love with Lilith Jackson, whom he intended to marry once he obtained paid employment in South Africa. In 1878 he became Registrar of the High Court in the Transvaal, but when he sent his father a letter telling him that he intended to return to England in order to marry Lilith Jackson his father replied that he forbade it until he had made a career for himself. In 1879 he heard that Lilith had married someone else. When he eventually returned to England he married a friend of his sister, Mariana Louisa Margitson and brought her back to Africa. Later they had a son named Jock (who died of measles at the age of 10) and three daughters, Angela, Dorothy and the youngest, Lilias, who became an author. She edited ''The Rabbit Skin Cap'', and more importantly, wrote a biography of her father entitled ''The Cloak That I Left''.
Returning again to England in 1882, the couple settled in Ditchingham, Norfolk. Later he lived in Kessingland and had connections with the church in Bungay, Suffolk. He turned to the study of law and was called to the bar in 1884. His practice of law was somewhat desultory, and much of his time was taken up by the writing of novels. Heavily influenced by the larger-than-life adventurers he met in Colonial Africa, most notably Frederick Selous and Frederick Russell Burnham, the great mineral wealth discovered in Africa, and the ruins of ancient lost civilizations in Africa such as Great Zimbabwe, Haggard created his Allan Quatermain adventures.[3][4] Three of his books, ''The Wizard'' (1896), ''Elissa; the doom of Zimbabwe'' (1899), and ''Black Heart and White Heart; a Zulu idyll'' (1900) are dedicated to Burnham's daughter, Nada, the first white child born in Bulawayo, herself named after Haggard's 1892 book: ''Nada the Lily''.[5]
Years later, when Haggard was a successful novelist, he was contacted by his former love, Lilith Jackson. She had been deserted by her husband, who had left her penniless and infected her with syphilis, from which she eventually died. It was Haggard who paid her medical bills. These details were not generally known until the publication of Haggard's 1983 biography by D. S. Higgins.
Haggard was heavily involved in agricultural reform and was a member of many Commissions on land use and related affairs, work that involved several trips to the Colonies and Dominions. He was made a Knight Bachelor in 1912, and a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1919. He stood unsuccessfully for parliament as a candidate for the Conservative Party.
Writing career
While his novels contain many of the attitudes common to British colonialism, they are unusual for the degree of sympathy with which he often treats the native populations. Africans often serve heroic roles in his novels, though the protagonists are typically, though not invariably, European. A notable example is Ignosi, the rightful king of Kukuanaland in ''King Solomon's Mines''. Having developed an intense mutual friendship with the three Englishmen who help him reclaim his throne, he accepts their advice and abolishes witch hunts and arbitrary capital punishment.
Haggard is most famous as the author of the best-selling novel ''King Solomon's Mines'', as well as many others such as ''She'', ''Ayesha'' (sequel to ''She''), ''Allan Quatermain'' (sequel to ''King Solomon's Mines''), and the epic Viking romance, ''Eric Brighteyes''.
Though Haggard is no longer as popular as he was when his works appeared, his books are still read with enjoyment today. Moreover, Ayesha, the female protagonist of ''She'', has been cited as a prototype by both Sigmund Freud in ''The Interpretation of Dreams'' and by Carl Jung. Allan Quatermain, the hero of ''King Solomon's Mines'' and its sequel ''Allan Quatermain'' have influenced the American film character Indiana Jones, featured in the films ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', the ''Temple of Doom'' and ''Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade''. Haggard's Lost World genre influenced the popular American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs. Quatermain has gained popularity thanks to being a main character in League of Extraordinary Gentlemen.
Haggard also wrote about agricultural and social issues reform, in part inspired by his experiences in Africa, but also based on what he saw in Europe.
Chronology of works
★
★
★ ''The Witch's Head'' (1884)
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''King Solomon's Mines'' wikipedia entry.
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''She'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★
★
★
★ ''My Fellow Laborer and the Wreck of the Copeland'' (1888)
★
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''Cleopatra'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★ , (co-written with Andrew Lang) ; there is also a dedicated ''The World's Desire'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''The People of the Mist'' wikipedia entry.
★ ''Joan Haste'' (1895)
★ ''Heart of the World'' (1895)
★ ''Church and State'' (1895)
★
★
★
★ ''A Farmer's Year'' (1899)
★ ''The Last Boer War'' (1899)
★ ''The Spring of Lion'' (1899)
★ ''Montezuma's Daughter'' (1899)
★
★
★ ''The New South Africa'' (1900)
★ ''A Winter Pilgrimage'' (1901)
★
★ ''Rural England'' (1902)
★
★
★
★ ''The Poor and the Land'' (1905)
★
★ ''A Gardener's Year'' (1905)
★ ''Report of Salvation Army Colonies'' (1905)
★ ''The Way of the Spirit'' (1906)
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★ ''Rural Denmark'' (1911)
★
★
★
★ ''A call to Arms'' (1914)
★
★ ''After the War Settlement and Employment of Ex-Service Men'' (1916)
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★
★ ''Wisdom's Daughter'' (1923)
★ ''Heu-Heu'' (1924)
★ ''Queen of the Dawn'' (1925)
★ ''The Days of my Life: An autobiography of Sir H. Rider Haggard'' (1926)
★ ''Treasure of the Lake'' (1926)
★ ''Allan and the Ice Gods'' (1927)
★ ''Mary of Marion Isle'' (1929)
★ ''Belshazzar'' (1930)
Publication dates unknown
★
★
★ (as contributor)
Allan Quatermain series
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''King Solomon's Mines'' wikipedia entry.
★
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''Allan’s Wife & Other Tales'' wikipedia entry.
★
★
★
★
★ ''Finished''
★
★ ''The Ancient Allan''
★ ; there is also a dedicated ''She and Allan'' wikipedia entry.
★ ''Heu-heu: or The Monster''
★ ''The Treasure of the Lake''
★ ''Allan and the Ice-gods''
Ayesha Series
★ ''She'' (); there is also a dedicated ''She'' wikipedia entry.
★ ''Ayesha: The Return of She''
★ ''She and Allan''
★ ''Wisdom's Daughter: The Life and Love Story of She-Who-Must-Be-Obeyed''
See also
★ Mythopoeia (genre)
★ Louis Henri Boussenard
★ Alexandre Dumas, père
★ Karl May
★ Baroness Orczy
★ Emilio Salgari
★ Samuel Shellabarger
★ Lawrence Schoonover
★ Jules Verne
★ Frank Yerby
★ A. E. W. Mason
★ P. C. Wren
★ Anthony Hope
★ Frederick Russell Burnham
★ Frederick Selous
References
1. King Solomon’s Mines, , Dennis, Butts, Oxford University Press, ,
2. King Solomon’s Mines, , Dennis, Butts, Oxford University Press, ,
3. The Literary Legacy of Frederick Courteney Selous, , E., Mandiringana, History in Africa, 1998
4. Theodore Roosevelt, Chapter XI: The Lion Hunter
5. The Days of My Life Volume II, , H. Rider, Haggard, , ,
External links
★ Rider Haggard Society
★
★ Works at Project Gutenberg Australia
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