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EspañolHETOUM I OF ARMENIA
(Redirected from Hethum I of Armenia)
'Hetoum I' (Armenian: Հեթում Ա) ruled the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1226 to 1270. He was the son of Constantine, Lord of Baberon and Partzapert (a third-cousin of Leo II) and was the founder of the dynasty which bears his name: the Hetoumids.
In 1226 he became the second husband of Isabella of Armenia (died c.1252). The marriage, which was against Isabella's will, took place on June 14, 1226 and resulted in Hethum becoming co-ruler. The couple had six children:
# Leo III (died 1289)
# Thoros (died in 1266 fighting the Mamluks)
#Sibylla (died 1290), who married Bohemund VI of Antioch
#Euphemie (died 1309), who married to Julian Grenier, Lord of Sidon
#Rita
# Maria, who married Guy d'Ibelin
His sister Maria married John of Ibelin around 1240.
During the rule of Hetoum I, the Mongols approached the borders of Cappadocia and Cilicia. Hetoum I was prompt to establish good relations with the Mongols. From 1254 to 1255 Hetoum I travelled thru Central Asia to Mongolia with the many sumptuous presents, meeting with Mangu Khan at Karakorum The account of his travel was recorded by a member of his suite, Kirakos Gandzaketsi as "The Journey of Haithon, King of Little Armenia, To Mongolia and Back". The Journey of Hethum was later translated into Russian, French, English[1] and Chinese languages.
During Hethum's reign, he formed a military alliance with the Mongols against the Sultans of Aleppo and Egypt which was the result of his trip to Mongolia. The monk Haiton in "La Flor des Estoires d'Orient" ("The flower of the stories of the Orient") explained the motivation for this alliance:
In 1259-1260, Bohemond VI and his father-in-law Hetoum I were allies of the Mongols under Hulagu, and fought with them in their conquests of Muslim Syria. They took together the city of Aleppo, and later took Damascus together with the Mongol general Kitbuqa:[2]
During the last years of his reign, the Kingdom battled against the Mamluks, with Antioch (virtually an Armenian dependency) being overrun in May 1268. He abdicated in 1270, and lived out the rest of his life in a monastery.
Following Hethoum's steps, the next Armenian kings also maintained friendly connections with the Khans of Golden Horde up until the decline of the Mongols and their subsequent conversion to Islam.
★ The Cilician Kingdom of Armenia, , T. S. R., Boase, Scottish Academic Press, 1978, ISBN 0-7073-0145-9
★ Klíč moudrosti, , Jan, Dobraczinski, Nakladatelství Vyšehrad, 1979, ISBN 33-540-79
1. Emil Bretschneider tr.,The Journey of Haithon, King of Little Armenia, To Mongolia and Back, Mediaeval Researches Vol 1, Trubner Oriental Series 1888 London, facimile reprint 2005 Elibron Classics ISBN 1-4021-9303-3
2. "Histoire des Croisades", Rene Grousset, p581
★ Hethum Bio
'Hetoum I' (Armenian: Հեթում Ա) ruled the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia from 1226 to 1270. He was the son of Constantine, Lord of Baberon and Partzapert (a third-cousin of Leo II) and was the founder of the dynasty which bears his name: the Hetoumids.
| Contents |
| Familly |
| Hethum's Travel to Mongolia |
| Alliance with the Mongols against the Mamluks |
| Bibliography |
| Notes |
| External links |
Familly
In 1226 he became the second husband of Isabella of Armenia (died c.1252). The marriage, which was against Isabella's will, took place on June 14, 1226 and resulted in Hethum becoming co-ruler. The couple had six children:
# Leo III (died 1289)
# Thoros (died in 1266 fighting the Mamluks)
#Sibylla (died 1290), who married Bohemund VI of Antioch
#Euphemie (died 1309), who married to Julian Grenier, Lord of Sidon
#Rita
# Maria, who married Guy d'Ibelin
His sister Maria married John of Ibelin around 1240.
Hethum's Travel to Mongolia
During the rule of Hetoum I, the Mongols approached the borders of Cappadocia and Cilicia. Hetoum I was prompt to establish good relations with the Mongols. From 1254 to 1255 Hetoum I travelled thru Central Asia to Mongolia with the many sumptuous presents, meeting with Mangu Khan at Karakorum The account of his travel was recorded by a member of his suite, Kirakos Gandzaketsi as "The Journey of Haithon, King of Little Armenia, To Mongolia and Back". The Journey of Hethum was later translated into Russian, French, English[1] and Chinese languages.
Alliance with the Mongols against the Mamluks
During Hethum's reign, he formed a military alliance with the Mongols against the Sultans of Aleppo and Egypt which was the result of his trip to Mongolia. The monk Haiton in "La Flor des Estoires d'Orient" ("The flower of the stories of the Orient") explained the motivation for this alliance:
In 1259-1260, Bohemond VI and his father-in-law Hetoum I were allies of the Mongols under Hulagu, and fought with them in their conquests of Muslim Syria. They took together the city of Aleppo, and later took Damascus together with the Mongol general Kitbuqa:[2]
During the last years of his reign, the Kingdom battled against the Mamluks, with Antioch (virtually an Armenian dependency) being overrun in May 1268. He abdicated in 1270, and lived out the rest of his life in a monastery.
Following Hethoum's steps, the next Armenian kings also maintained friendly connections with the Khans of Golden Horde up until the decline of the Mongols and their subsequent conversion to Islam.
Bibliography
★ The Cilician Kingdom of Armenia, , T. S. R., Boase, Scottish Academic Press, 1978, ISBN 0-7073-0145-9
★ Klíč moudrosti, , Jan, Dobraczinski, Nakladatelství Vyšehrad, 1979, ISBN 33-540-79
Notes
1. Emil Bretschneider tr.,The Journey of Haithon, King of Little Armenia, To Mongolia and Back, Mediaeval Researches Vol 1, Trubner Oriental Series 1888 London, facimile reprint 2005 Elibron Classics ISBN 1-4021-9303-3
2. "Histoire des Croisades", Rene Grousset, p581
External links
★ Hethum Bio
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