HIA C-ED O'ODHAM

The 'Hia C-ed O'odham' ("Sand Dune People"), sometimes also known in English as the "Sand Papago" or "Sand Pimas", are a Native American peoples whose traditional homeland lies in the Tinajas Altas Mountains (O'odham: ''Uʼuva:k'' or ''Uʼuv Oopad'') near the town of Ajo, Arizona, much of which is now the Cabeza Prieta NWR or adjacent land in Mexico. They are currently unrecognized at both the state and federal level, although the Tohono O'odham Nation has a committee for issues related to them and has land near Ajo held in trust for them. The majority of Hia C-ed O'odham today live in or around Ajo, Arizona, as most of their homeland is restricted-access federal land.
They are often compared to the Akimel O'odham (Pima), Tohono O'odham, and the vanished Forest Pima, to whom they are closely related:

	Hia C-ed O'odham	Tohono O'odham	Akimel O'odham
Traditional homeland	From the Gulf of California to the Tinajas Altas Mountains	Desert south of the Gila River	Land north of the Gila River
Meaning of endonym	Sand Dune People	Desert People	River People
Habitation patterns	Nomadic ("no-villagers")	Separate winter and summer residences ("two-villagers")	Perennial habitation on ''rancherías'' ("one-villagers")
Prevalence of agriculture [1]	Nearly 100% hunting and gathering	75% hunting and gathering, 25% agricultural	40% hunting and gathering, 60% agricultural
Name for "The Man in the Maze"	Iʼithi	Iʼitoi	Iʼitoi, Se:he

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Bibliography

Bibliography

Griffin-Pierce, Trudy. 2000. ''Native Peoples of the Southwest''. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.