JEAN-PIERRE SERRE
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(Redirected from J.-P. Serre)
:''"Serre" redirects here. For the Italian commune, see Serre, Italy.''
'Jean-Pierre Serre' (born September 15, 1926) is one of the leading mathematicians of the twentieth century, active in algebraic geometry, number theory and topology. He has received numerous awards and honors for his mathematical research and exposition, including the Fields Medal in 1954 and the Abel Prize in 2003.
Born in Bages, Serre was educated at the Lycée de Nîmes and then from 1945 to 1948 at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. He was awarded his doctorate from the Sorbonne in 1951. From 1948 to 1954 he held positions at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris. He is now a professor at the Collège de France.
From a very young age he was an outstanding figure in the school of Henri Cartan, working on algebraic topology, several complex variables and then commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, in the context of sheaf theory and homological algebra techniques. Serre's thesis concerned the Leray-Serre spectral sequence associated to a fibration. Together with Cartan, Serre established the technique of Killing spaces for computing homotopy groups of spheres, which at that time was considered as the major problem in topology.
In his speech at the Fields Medal award ceremony in 1954, Hermann Weyl praised Serre in apparently extravagant terms, and also made the point that the award was for the first time awarded to an algebraist. Serre subsequently changed his research focus; he apparently thought that homotopy theory, where he had started, was already overly technical. However, Weyl's perception that the central place of classical analysis had been challenged by abstract algebra has subsequently been justified, as has his assessment of Serre's place in this change.
In the 1950s and 1960s, a fruitful collaboration between Serre and the two-years-younger Alexander Grothendieck led to important foundational work, much of it motivated by the Weil conjectures. Two major foundational papers by Serre were FAC (''Faisceaux Algébriques Cohérents'', on coherent cohomology) and GAGA.
Even at an early stage in his work Serre had perceived a need to construct more general and refined cohomology theories to tackle the Weil conjectures. The problem was that the cohomology of a coherent sheaf over a finite field couldn't capture as much topology as singular cohomology with integer coefficients. Amongst Serre's early candidate theories (1954/55) was one based on Witt vector coefficients.
Around 1958 Serre suggested that isotrivial covers of algebraic varieties — those that become trivial after pullback by a finite covering map — are important. This was one significant step towards the eventual ''étale covering'' theory. Grothendieck and collaborators in SGA4 eventually delivered a full technical development.
In later years Serre was sometimes a source of counterexamples to over-optimistic extrapolations. He also had a close working relationship with Pierre Deligne, who eventually finished the proof of the Weil conjectures.
From 1959 onward Serre's interests turned towards number theory, in particular class field theory and the theory of complex multiplication.
Amongst his most original contributions were: the concept of algebraic K-theory; the Galois representation theory for l-adic cohomology and the conceptions that these representations were "large"; and the Serre conjecture on mod-''p'' representations that made Fermat's last theorem a connected part of mainstream arithmetic geometry.
Serre was awarded the Fields Medal (1954 - having just turned 28 at the time, he is the youngest winner to date), the Balzan Prize (1985), the Steele Prize (1995), and the Wolf Prize in Mathematics (2000). He was the first recipient of the Abel Prize in 2003. The Fields Medal and the Wolf and Abel Prizes are the most celebrated decorations a mathematician can receive; Serre is the only person to have received all of them so far.
★ Serre duality
★ Serre's multiplicity conjectures
★ Serre's property FA
★ Serre conjecture (number theory)
★ Serre spectral sequence
★ Serre fibration
★ Serre twist sheaf
★ Thin set in the sense of Serre
★ Quillen-Suslin theorem
★ Nicolas Bourbaki
★ ''Groupes Algébriques et Corps de Classes'' (1959) as ''Algebraic Groups and Class Fields'' (1988)
★ ''Corps Locaux'' (1962) as ''Local Fields'' (1980)
★ ''Cohomologie Galoisienne'' (1964) Collège de France course 1962-3, as ''Galois Cohomology'' (1997)
★ ''Algèbre Locale, Multiplicités'' (1965) Collège de France course 1957-8, as ''Local Algebra'' (2000)
★ ''Lie Algebras ''and Lie Groups'' (1965) 1964 Harvard lectures
★ ''Algèbres de Lie Semi-simples Complexes'' (1966) as ''Complex Semisimple Lie Algebras'' (1987)
★ ''Abelian l-Adic Representations and Elliptic Curves'' (1968)
★ ''Cours d'arithmétique'' (1970) as ''A Course in Arithmetic'' (1973)
★ ''Représentations linéaires des groupes finis'' (1971) as ''Linear Representations of Finite Groups'' (1977)
★ ''Arbres, amalgames, SL2''(1977) as ''Trees'' (1980)
★ ''Oeuvres/Collected Papers in four volumes'' (1986) Vol. IV in 2000
★ ''Lectures on the Mordell-Weil Theorem'' (1990)
★ ''Topics in Galois Theory'' (1992)
★ ''Motives'' (1994) two volumes, editor with Uwe Jannsen and Steven L. Kleiman
★ ''Cohomological Invariants in Galois Cohomology'' (2003) with Skip Garibaldi and Alexander Merkurjev
★ ''Grothendieck-Serre Correspondence'' (2003) edited with Pierre Colmez
★
★
★ Jean-Pierre Serre at the French Academy of Sciences, in French.
★ Jean-Pierre Serre at the Collège de France, in French.
:''"Serre" redirects here. For the Italian commune, see Serre, Italy.''
'Jean-Pierre Serre' (born September 15, 1926) is one of the leading mathematicians of the twentieth century, active in algebraic geometry, number theory and topology. He has received numerous awards and honors for his mathematical research and exposition, including the Fields Medal in 1954 and the Abel Prize in 2003.
| Contents |
| Life and career |
| Early work |
| Foundational work in algebraic geometry and the Weil conjectures |
| Other work |
| Awards |
| See also |
| Works |
| External links |
Life and career
Born in Bages, Serre was educated at the Lycée de Nîmes and then from 1945 to 1948 at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris. He was awarded his doctorate from the Sorbonne in 1951. From 1948 to 1954 he held positions at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris. He is now a professor at the Collège de France.
Early work
From a very young age he was an outstanding figure in the school of Henri Cartan, working on algebraic topology, several complex variables and then commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, in the context of sheaf theory and homological algebra techniques. Serre's thesis concerned the Leray-Serre spectral sequence associated to a fibration. Together with Cartan, Serre established the technique of Killing spaces for computing homotopy groups of spheres, which at that time was considered as the major problem in topology.
In his speech at the Fields Medal award ceremony in 1954, Hermann Weyl praised Serre in apparently extravagant terms, and also made the point that the award was for the first time awarded to an algebraist. Serre subsequently changed his research focus; he apparently thought that homotopy theory, where he had started, was already overly technical. However, Weyl's perception that the central place of classical analysis had been challenged by abstract algebra has subsequently been justified, as has his assessment of Serre's place in this change.
Foundational work in algebraic geometry and the Weil conjectures
In the 1950s and 1960s, a fruitful collaboration between Serre and the two-years-younger Alexander Grothendieck led to important foundational work, much of it motivated by the Weil conjectures. Two major foundational papers by Serre were FAC (''Faisceaux Algébriques Cohérents'', on coherent cohomology) and GAGA.
Even at an early stage in his work Serre had perceived a need to construct more general and refined cohomology theories to tackle the Weil conjectures. The problem was that the cohomology of a coherent sheaf over a finite field couldn't capture as much topology as singular cohomology with integer coefficients. Amongst Serre's early candidate theories (1954/55) was one based on Witt vector coefficients.
Around 1958 Serre suggested that isotrivial covers of algebraic varieties — those that become trivial after pullback by a finite covering map — are important. This was one significant step towards the eventual ''étale covering'' theory. Grothendieck and collaborators in SGA4 eventually delivered a full technical development.
In later years Serre was sometimes a source of counterexamples to over-optimistic extrapolations. He also had a close working relationship with Pierre Deligne, who eventually finished the proof of the Weil conjectures.
Other work
From 1959 onward Serre's interests turned towards number theory, in particular class field theory and the theory of complex multiplication.
Amongst his most original contributions were: the concept of algebraic K-theory; the Galois representation theory for l-adic cohomology and the conceptions that these representations were "large"; and the Serre conjecture on mod-''p'' representations that made Fermat's last theorem a connected part of mainstream arithmetic geometry.
Awards
Serre was awarded the Fields Medal (1954 - having just turned 28 at the time, he is the youngest winner to date), the Balzan Prize (1985), the Steele Prize (1995), and the Wolf Prize in Mathematics (2000). He was the first recipient of the Abel Prize in 2003. The Fields Medal and the Wolf and Abel Prizes are the most celebrated decorations a mathematician can receive; Serre is the only person to have received all of them so far.
See also
★ Serre duality
★ Serre's multiplicity conjectures
★ Serre's property FA
★ Serre conjecture (number theory)
★ Serre spectral sequence
★ Serre fibration
★ Serre twist sheaf
★ Thin set in the sense of Serre
★ Quillen-Suslin theorem
★ Nicolas Bourbaki
Works
★ ''Groupes Algébriques et Corps de Classes'' (1959) as ''Algebraic Groups and Class Fields'' (1988)
★ ''Corps Locaux'' (1962) as ''Local Fields'' (1980)
★ ''Cohomologie Galoisienne'' (1964) Collège de France course 1962-3, as ''Galois Cohomology'' (1997)
★ ''Algèbre Locale, Multiplicités'' (1965) Collège de France course 1957-8, as ''Local Algebra'' (2000)
★ ''Lie Algebras ''and Lie Groups'' (1965) 1964 Harvard lectures
★ ''Algèbres de Lie Semi-simples Complexes'' (1966) as ''Complex Semisimple Lie Algebras'' (1987)
★ ''Abelian l-Adic Representations and Elliptic Curves'' (1968)
★ ''Cours d'arithmétique'' (1970) as ''A Course in Arithmetic'' (1973)
★ ''Représentations linéaires des groupes finis'' (1971) as ''Linear Representations of Finite Groups'' (1977)
★ ''Arbres, amalgames, SL2''(1977) as ''Trees'' (1980)
★ ''Oeuvres/Collected Papers in four volumes'' (1986) Vol. IV in 2000
★ ''Lectures on the Mordell-Weil Theorem'' (1990)
★ ''Topics in Galois Theory'' (1992)
★ ''Motives'' (1994) two volumes, editor with Uwe Jannsen and Steven L. Kleiman
★ ''Cohomological Invariants in Galois Cohomology'' (2003) with Skip Garibaldi and Alexander Merkurjev
★ ''Grothendieck-Serre Correspondence'' (2003) edited with Pierre Colmez
External links
★
★
★ Jean-Pierre Serre at the French Academy of Sciences, in French.
★ Jean-Pierre Serre at the Collège de France, in French.
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