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Contents

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

References

External links

Events

★ 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signaling the start of civil war.

★ 236 - Saint Fabian begins his reign as a Catholic Pope.

★ 1072 - Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo.

★ 1475 - Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui.

★ 1645 - Archbishop William Laud is beheaded at the Tower of London

★ 1776 - Thomas Paine publishes ''Common Sense''.

★ 1806 - Dutch settlers in Cape Town surrender to the British.

★ 1810 - The marriage of Napoleon and Josephine is annulled.

★ 1861 - American Civil War: Florida secedes from the Union.

★ 1863 - The London Underground, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between London Paddington station and Farringdon station.

★ 1870 - John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.

★ 1899 - Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity was founded.

★ 1901 - The first great Texas oil gusher is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.

★ 1920 - The League of Nations holds its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I.

★ 1922 - Arthur Griffith is elected President of the Irish Free State.

★ 1923 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel.

★ 1927 - The film ''Metropolis'' by Fritz Lang premieres.

★ 1929 - Tintin, a comic book character created by Hergé, makes his debut. He went on to be published in over 200 million comic books in 40 languages.

★ 1941 - Lend-Lease is introduced into the US Congress.

★ 1946 - The first General Assembly of the United Nations opens in London. Fifty-one nations are represented.

★ 1957 - Harold Macmillan becomes the prime minister of the United Kingdom.

★ 1962 - Apollo Project: NASA announces plans to build the C-5 rocket booster. It became better known as the Saturn V moon rocket, which launched every Apollo moon mission.

★ 1982 - The Catch - Dwight Clark of the San Francisco 49ers makes a leaping catch from Joe Montana with 58 seconds to play to defeat the Dallas Cowboys 28-27 in the NFC Championship Game at Candlestick Park.

★ 1984 - The US and the Vatican establish full diplomatic relations after 117 years.

★ 1989 - Cuban troops begin withdrawing from Angola.

★ 1990 - Time Warner is formed from the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc.

★ 1995 - The World Youth Day was held in the Philippines.

★ 1999 - A large piece of the chalk cliff at Beachy Head collapses into the sea.

★ 2000 - America Online announces an agreement to buy Time Warner for $162 billion, the largest corporate merger in history.

★ 2001 - Wikipedia starts as part of Nupedia. It becomes a separate site five days later.

★ 2005 - A mudslide occurs in La Conchita, CA, killing 10 people, injuring many more and closing the Highway 101, the main coastal corridor between San Francisco and Los Angeles, for 10 days.

★ 2005 - Eyre Peninsula Bushfire in South Australia kills nine and injures 113.

Births

★ 1480 - Margaret of Austria, Regent of the Netherlands (d. 1530)

★ 1538 - Louis of Nassau, Dutch general (d. 1574)

★ 1573 - Simon Marius, German astronomer (d. 1624)

★ 1607 - Isaac Jogues, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1646)

★ 1628 - George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1687)

★ 1638 - Nicolas Steno, Danish geologist (d. 1686)

★ 1644 - Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French marshal (d. 1711)

★ 1654 - Joshua Barnes, English scholar (d. 1712)

★ 1702 - Johannes Zick, German fresco painter (d. 1762)

★ 1715 - Christian August Crusius, German philosopher and theologian (d. 1775)

★ 1721 - Johann Philipp Baratier, German scholar (d. 1740)

★ 1729 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist (d. 1799)

★ 1738 - Ethan Allen, American Revolution military leader (d. 1789)

★ 1769 - Michel Ney, French marshal (d. 1815)

★ 1797 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer (d. 1848)

★ 1810 - Jeremiah S. Black, American statesman (d. 1883)

★ 1812 - Georg Hermann Nicolai, German architect (d. 1881)

★ 1815 - Sir John Alexander Macdonald, First Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1891)

★ 1828 - Herman Koeckemann, German Catholic prelate (d. 1892)

★ 1840 - Louis Nazaire Bégin, French Canadian archbishop and cardinal (d. 1925)

★ 1843 - Frank James, American outlaw (d. 1915)

★ 1849 - Francisco Ferrer Guardia, Spanish free-thinker (d. 1909)

★ 1836 - Charles Ingalls, father of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1902)

★ 1850 - John Wellborn Root, American architect (d. 1891)

★ 1858 - Heinrich Zille, German illustrator and photographer (d. 1929)

★ 1864 - Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia, son of Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich (d. 1931)

★ 1865 - Mary Ingalls, sister of Laura Ingalls Wilder (d. 1928)

★ 1869 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian monk (d. 1916)

★ 1873 - George Orton, Canadian athlete (d. 1958)

★ 1873 - Jack O'Neill, Irish-born baseball player (d. 1935)

★ 1883 - Francis X. Bushman, American actor (d. 1966)

★ 1883 - Aleksei Nikolaevich Tolstoi, Russian writer (d. 1945)

★ 1887 - Robinson Jeffers, American poet (d. 1962)

★ 1890 - Grigory Landsberg, Russian physicist (d. 1957)

★ 1903 - Barbara Hepworth, British sculptor (d. 1975)

★ 1903 - Voldemar Väli, Estonian wrestler, Olympic medalist (d. 1997)

★ 1903 - Violet Wilkey, American actress (d. 1976)

★ 1904 - Ray Bolger, American actor/dancer (d. 1987)

★ 1908 - Paul Henreid, Austrian actor (d. 1993)

★ 1908 - Bernard Lee, British actor (d. 1981)

★ 1912 - Maria Mandel, Camp leader at Auschwitz (d. 1948)

★ 1913 - Gustáv Husák, President of Czechoslovakia (d. 1991)

★ 1913 - Mehmet Shehu, Albanian politician (d. 1981)

★ 1916 - Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2004)

★ 1916 - Don Metz, Canadian ice hockey player

★ 1917 - Jerry Wexler, American record producer

★ 1918 - Arthur Chung, President of Guyana

★ 1920 - Max Patkin, American baseball player (d. 1999)

★ 1920 - Georges Marchal, French actor (d. 1997)

★ 1921 - Rodger Ward, American race car driver (d. 2004)

★ 1924 - Ludmilla Chiriaeff, Canadian ballet dancer, choreographer and director (Les Grands Ballets Canadiens) (d. 1996)

★ 1924 - Max Roach, American percussionist, drummer, and composer (d. 2007)

★ 1927 - Gisele MacKenzie, Canadian singer (d. 2003)

★ 1927 - Johnnie Ray, American singer (d. 1990)

★ 1927 - Otto Stich, Swiss politician

★ 1928 - Philip Levine, American poet

★ 1930 - Roy Edward Disney, American film executive

★ 1931 - Peter Barnes, English writer (d. 2004)

★ 1932 - Elaine Devry, American actress

★ 1933 - Anton Rogers, British actor

★ 1934 - Leonid Kravchuk, Ukrainian politician

★ 1935 - Ronnie Hawkins, American musician, pioneering Rock And Roll Rockabilly Hall of Fame

★ 1935 - Sherrill Milnes, American baritone

★ 1936 - Stephen Ambrose, American historian (d. 2002)

★ 1936 - Robert Woodrow Wilson, American physicist and radio astronomer, Nobel laureate

★ 1937 - Thomas Penfield Jackson, American judge

★ 1938 - Donald Knuth, American mathematician and computer scientist

★ 1938 - Willie McCovey, American baseball player

★ 1938 - Frank Mahovlich, Canadian ice hockey player and Canadian Senator

★ 1939 - William Levy, Dutch writer

★ 1939 - Sal Mineo, American actor (d. 1976)

★ 1939 - Bill Toomey, American athlete

★ 1939 - Scott McKenzie, American singer

★ 1940 - Guy Chevrette, Quebec politician

★ 1942 - Walter Hill, American film director

★ 1943 - Jim Croce, American singer (d. 1973)

★ 1944 - Frank Sinatra, Jr., American singer

★ 1944 - Rory Byrne, South African racing car designer

★ 1944 - Bernard Derome, French Canadian news presenter (Le Téléjournal)

★ 1945 - Rod Stewart, English singer

★ 1945 - Edward Wiskoski, American professional wrestler

★ 1947 - Afeni Shakur, mother of Tupac "2Pac" Shakur, member of the Black Panther Party

★ 1948 - Donald Fagen, American keyboardist

★ 1948 - Teresa Graves, American actress and singer (d. 2002)

★ 1948 - Mischa Maisky, Latvian cellist

★ 1948 - William Sanderson, American actor

★ 1948 - Bernard Thévenet, French cyclist

★ 1949 - George Foreman, American boxer

★ 1949 - James Lapine, American stage director

★ 1949 - Linda Lovelace, American pornographic actress (d. 2002)

★ 1952 - Scott Thurston, American musician, songwriter

★ 1953 - Pat Benatar, American singer

★ 1953 - Dennis Cooper, American author

★ 1953 - Bobby Rahal, American race car driver

★ 1955 - Michael Schenker, German guitarist (UFO)

★ 1956 - Shawn Colvin, American singer

★ 1956 - Antonio Muñoz Molina, Spanish writer

★ 1958 - Anatoly Pisarenko, Soviet weightlifter

★ 1959 - Fran Walsh, New Zealand screenwriter

★ 1960 - Benoît Pelletier, Quebec politician

★ 1961 - Evan Handler, American actor

★ 1961 - Janet Jones, American actress; wife of Wayne Gretzky

★ 1963 - Mark Pryor, American politician

★ 1964 - Brad Roberts, Canadian singer (Crash Test Dummies)

★ 1965 - Butch Hartman, American animator

★ 1970 - Marcus Bagwell, American professional wrestler

★ 1972 - Thomas Alsgaard, Norwegian cross-country skier

★ 1972 - Brian Lawler, American professional wrestler

★ 1973 - Ryan Drummond, American voice actor

★ 1973 - Glenn Robinson, American basketball player

★ 1974 - Steve Marlet, French footballer

★ 1974 - Hrithik Roshan, Indian actor

★ 1974 - Akari Kaida, Japanese composer

★ 1975 - Jake Delhomme, American football player

★ 1976 - Adam Kennedy, American baseball player

★ 1978 - Gavin McCann, English footballer

★ 1980 - Janelle Pierzina, American television personality

★ 1980 - Matt Roney, American baseball player

★ 1981 - Brian Joo, Korean-American singer

★ 1982 - Josh Ryan Evans, American actor (d. 2002)

★ 1983 - Danilo Dirani, Brazilian racing driver

Deaths

★ 681 - Pope Agatho

★ 976 - John I Tzimiskes, Greek Byzantine Emperor (b. 925)

★ 1094 - Caliph Al-Mustansir of Cairo (b. 1029)

★ 1276 - Pope Gregory X (bc. 1210)

★ 1645 - William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1573)

★ 1698 - Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French historian (b. 1637)

★ 1707 - Philibert, comte de Gramont, French writer (b. 1621)

★ 1754 - Edward Cave, English editor and publisher (b. 1691)

★ 1761 - Edward Boscawen, British admiral (b. 1711)

★ 1775 - Yemelyan Pugachev, Russian rebel

★ 1777 - Spranger Barry, Irish actor (b. 1719)

★ 1778 - Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish botanist (b. 1707)

★ 1794 - Georg Forster, German scientist and revolutionary (d. 1754)

★ 1811 - Marie-Joseph Chénier, French poet (b. 1764)

★ 1828 - François de Neufchâteau, French statesman and intellectual figure (b. 1750)

★ 1833 - Adrien-Marie Legendre, French mathematician (b. 1752)

★ 1851 - Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (b. 1775)

★ 1862 - Samuel Colt, American inventor (b. 1814)

★ 1866 - Pyotr Pletnyov, Russian poet (b. 1792)

★ 1883 - Dr Samuel A. Mudd, American medical doctor (b. 1833)

★ 1895 - Benjamin Godard, French composer (b. 1849)

★ 1904 - Jean-Léon Gérôme, French painter and sculptor (b. 1824)

★ 1905 - Kārlis Baumanis, Latvian composer (b. 1835)

★ 1917 - William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody, American frontiersman (b. 1846)

★ 1934 - Marinus van der Lubbe, Dutch communist accused of setting the Reichstag fire (b. 1909)

★ 1941 - Frank Bridge, English composer (b. 1879)

★ 1941 - Sir John Lavery, Northern Irish artist (b. 1856)

★ 1941 - Joe Penner, Hungarian-born comedian and actor (b. 1904)

★ 1951 - Sinclair Lewis, American writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)

★ 1951 - Yoshio Nishina, Japanese physicist (b. 1890)

★ 1957 - Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1889)

★ 1960 - Jack Laviolette, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1879)

★ 1961 - Dashiell Hammett, American writer (b. 1894)

★ 1970 - Pavel Belyayev, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1925)

★ 1971 - Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel, French fashion designer (b. 1883)

★ 1972 - Aksel Larsen, Danish politician (b. 1897)

★ 1976 - Howlin' Wolf, American musician (b. 1910)

★ 1978 - Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan journalist (b. 1924)

★ 1980 - Hughie Critz, American baseball player (b. 1900)

★ 1980 - George Meany, American labor leader (b. 1894)

★ 1980 - Bo Rein, American college football coach (b. 1945)

★ 1981 - Katherine Alexander, American actress (b. 1898)

★ 1981 - Richard Boone, American actor (b. 1917)

★ 1981 - Fawn M. Brodie, American historian (b. 1915)

★ 1982 - Paul Lynde, American comedian (b. 1926)

★ 1985 - Anton Karas, Austrian zither player and composer (b. 1906)

★ 1986 - Jaroslav Seifert, Czech writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1901)

★ 1987 - Sir David Robinson, British philanthropist and entrepreneur (b. 1904)

★ 1987 - Marion Hutton, American singer and actress (b. 1919)

★ 1989 - Herbert Morrison, American radio reporter (b. 1905)

★ 1992 - Roberto Bonomi, Argentine racing driver (b. 1919)

★ 1997 - Elspeth Huxley, British journalist and writer (b. 1907)

★ 1997 - Sheldon Leonard, American producer, actor, and director (b. 1907)

★ 1997 - Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)

★ 2000 - Sam Jaffe, American producer (b. 1901)

★ 2002 - W.A. Criswell, American (Baptist) preacher (b. 1909)

★ 2004 - Spalding Gray, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1941)

★ 2004 - Alexandra Ripley, American author (b. 1934)

★ 2005 - Gene Baylos, American comedian (b. 1906)

★ 2005 - Margherita Carosio, Italian soprano (b. 1908)

★ 2005 - Joséphine-Charlotte, Grandduchess of Luxembourg (b. 1927)

★ 2005 - Metropolitan Wasyly Fedak, primate of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada (b. 1909)

★ 2005 - James Forman, American civil rights leader (b. 1928)

★ 2005 - Kalevi Hämäläinen, Finnish cross country skier (b. 1932)

★ 2005 - Erwin Hillier, British cinematographer (b. 1911)

★ 2005 - Gordon John "Jack" Horner, American sports journalist (b. 1912)

★ 2007 - Bradford Washburn, American explorer (b. 1910)

★ 2007 - Carlo Ponti, Italian film producer (b. 1912)

Holidays and observances

★ Roman Catholic Church

★
★ Peter Orseolo, Doge of Venice and saint^[1]

★ Eastern (Byzantine) Catholic Church: St. Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa. Brother of St. Basil the Great

★ Coptic Church:

★
★ Obadiah ^[2]

★ Margaret Thatcher day in the Falkland Islands

★ January 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

References

1. Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. ''The Penguin Dictionary of Saints''. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-140-51312-4.
2. Holweck, F. G. ''A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints''. St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co. 1924.

External links

★ BBC: On This Day

★

★ On This Day in Canada
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